Spring和Spring Mvc 5整合详解
一、官方主页
低版本的SpringMvc，可以参考这一篇《Spring和Spring Mvc整合详解》
二、概述
Spring Mvc的启动方式不同于Spring Boot，Spring Boot内嵌了tomcat容器，可以打包成jar文件快速启动。Spring Mvc仍需要打包成war包。所以，它是离不开web.xml配置。
配置Spring和Spring Mvc，主要有：
- 1.在web.xml中配置好Spring相关Listener/Filter/Servlet，并指明Spring和Spring Mvc的配置文件，当然，也可以不指定，放在classpath下就行，严谨一点还是写出来为好。
- 2.配置applicationContext.xml，这个是给Spring用的，名字随意，只要在web.xml指定就行。
- 3.配置 spring-servlet.xml，这个是给Spring Mvc用的，名字随意，只要在web.xml指定就行。
Git地址：
Gitee
项目地址：
品茗IT-同步发布
品茗IT：提供在线快速构建Spring项目工具。
三、开始搭建
3.1 依赖Jar包
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<project
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"
xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>cn.pomit</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringWork</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
</parent>
<artifactId>Web</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>Web</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--log4j-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j-web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>cn.pomit</groupId>
<artifactId>Ehcache</artifactId>
<version>${project.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>Web</finalName>
</build>
</project>
父pom管理了所有依赖jar包的版本，地址：
https://www.pomit.cn/spring/SpringWork/pom.xml
3.2 web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<display-name>springwork-main</display-name>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.apache.logging.log4j.web.Log4jServletContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>log4jServletFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.logging.log4j.web.Log4jServletFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>log4jServletFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
<dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher>
<dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher>
<dispatcher>INCLUDE</dispatcher>
<dispatcher>ERROR</dispatcher>
</filter-mapping>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Spring Security 的过滤配置，表明请求需要经过这个类的过滤和判断 -->
<!-- <filter> -->
<!-- <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> -->
<!-- <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class> -->
<!-- </filter> -->
<!-- <filter-mapping> -->
<!-- <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name> -->
<!-- <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> -->
<!-- </filter-mapping> -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
3.3 Spring配置
applicationContext.xml是Spring的配置文件。
applicationContext.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.pomit.springwork">
</context:component-scan>
<import resource="classpath*:spring-mybatis.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath*:spring-ehcache.xml"/>
</beans>
这个配置文件里可以写入一些bean的配置。
Spring是一个大的父容器，Spring Mvc是其中的一个子容器。父容器不能访问子容器对象，但是子容器可以访问父容器对象。 因此，bean的配置要写到这个文件中，而不是Spring Mvc的配置文件中。
3.4 Spring Mvc配置
spring-servlet.xml是Springmvc的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.pomit.springwork">
</context:component-scan>
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="" />
</bean>
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:message-converters>
<bean
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**" />
<mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" />
<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
</beans>
Spring是一个大的父容器，Spring Mvc是其中的一个子容器。父容器不能访问子容器对象，但是子容器可以访问父容器对象。 因此，bean的配置要写到这个文件中，而不是Spring Mvc的配置文件中。
3.5 log4j配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="OFF" monitorInterval="1800">
<properties>
<property name="LOG_HOME">D:/log/SpringWorkLog</property>
<property name="FILE_NAME">SpringWorkLog</property>
</properties>
<Appenders>
<Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
<PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n" />
</Console>
<RollingFile name="running-log" fileName="${LOG_HOME}/${FILE_NAME}.log"
filePattern="${LOG_HOME}/$${date:yyyy-MM}/${FILE_NAME}-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log.gz"
immediateFlush="true">
<PatternLayout
pattern="%date{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} %level [%thread][%file:%line] - %msg%n" />
<Policies>
<TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy />
<SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="10 MB" />
</Policies>
<DefaultRolloverStrategy max="20" />
</RollingFile>
</Appenders>
<Loggers>
<!-- <Logger name="com.cssweb.test.app" level="trace" additivity="true"> -->
<!-- <AppenderRef ref="running-log" /> -->
<!-- </Logger> -->
<Root level="debug">
<!-- 这里是输入到文件，很重要-->
<AppenderRef ref="running-log" />
<!-- 这里是输入到控制台-->
<AppenderRef ref="Console" />
</Root>
</Loggers>
</Configuration>
四、测试代码
4.1 简单的Controller
WebController:
package cn.pomit.springwork.web.endpoint;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/web")
public class WebController {
@RequestMapping(value = "/json", method = { RequestMethod.GET })
public String welCome() {
return "redirect:/json.html";
}
}
4.2 简单的RestController
RestController提供rest服务，一般都是提供json数据的。
WebRest：
package cn.pomit.springwork.web.endpoint;
import java.util.UUID;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import cn.pomit.springwork.web.entity.WelEntity;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/pub")
public class WebRest {
@RequestMapping(value = "/welCome", method = { RequestMethod.GET })
public WelEntity welCome(@RequestParam(value = "reqType", required = false) String reqType) {
String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
String welMsg = "welcome 程序猿";
if(reqType != null && "1000".equals(reqType)){
welMsg = "welcome 程序媛";
}
WelEntity welEntity = new WelEntity();
welEntity.setUuid(uuid);
welEntity.setWelMsg(welMsg);
return welEntity;
}
}
详细完整代码，可以访问品茗IT-博客《Spring和Spring Mvc 5整合详解》，也可以在Spring组件化构建中选择查看，并下载。
快速构建项目
喜欢这篇文章么，喜欢就加入我们一起讨论Spring技术吧！
品茗IT交流群
网友评论