Spring和Spring Mvc整合详解
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概述
Spring Mvc的启动方式不同于Spring Boot，Spring Boot内嵌了tomcat容器，可以打包成jar文件快速启动。Spring Mvc仍需要打包成war包。所以，它是离不开web.xml配置。
配置Spring和Spring Mvc，主要有：
- 1.在web.xml中配置好Spring相关Listener/Filter/Servlet，并指明Spring和Spring Mvc的配置文件，当然，也可以不指定，放在classpath下就行，严谨一点还是写出来为好。
- 2.配置applicationContext.xml，这个是给Spring用的，名字随意，只要在web.xml指定就行。
- 3.配置 spring-servlet.xml，这个是给Spring Mvc用的，名字随意，只要在web.xml指定就行。
Git地址：
Gitee
项目地址：
品茗IT-Spring之路专题
品茗IT：提供在线快速构建Spring项目工具。
开始搭建
依赖Jar包
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<display-name>UmpEnt</display-name>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:properties/log4j.properties</param-value>
</context-param>
<context-param>
<param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
<param-value>600000</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<filter>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/index.html</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
Spring配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache
http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.0.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cff.springwork">
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
这个配置文件里可以写入一些bean的配置。
Spring是一个大的父容器，Spring Mvc是其中的一个子容器。父容器不能访问子容器对象，但是子容器可以访问父容器对象。 因此，bean的配置要写到这个文件中，而不是Spring Mvc的配置文件中。
Spring Mvc配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.cff.springwork">
</context:component-scan>
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="" />
</bean>
<bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
</bean>
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<bean
class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter" />
<bean
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:message-converters>
<bean
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**" />
<mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" />
<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
</beans>
Spring是一个大的父容器，Spring Mvc是其中的一个子容器。父容器不能访问子容器对象，但是子容器可以访问父容器对象。 因此，bean的配置要写到这个文件中，而不是Spring Mvc的配置文件中。
简单的Controller
package com.cff.springwork.web.endpoint.test;
import java.util.UUID;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.cff.springwork.web.entity.WelEntity;
@RestController("testController")
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {
@RequestMapping("/welCome")
public WelEntity welCome(@RequestParam String reqType){
String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
String welMsg = "welcome 程序猿";
if(reqType != null && "1000".equals(reqType)){
welMsg = "welcome 程序媛";
}
WelEntity welEntity = new WelEntity();
welEntity.setUuid(uuid);
welEntity.setWelMsg(welMsg);
return welEntity;
}
}
实体：
package com.cff.springwork.web.entity;
public class WelEntity {
private String uuid;
private String welMsg;
public String getUuid() {
return uuid;
}
public void setUuid(String uuid) {
this.uuid = uuid;
}
public String getWelMsg() {
return welMsg;
}
public void setWelMsg(String welMsg) {
this.welMsg = welMsg;
}
}
前端配合
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.3.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<title>SkyNet</title>
</head>
<script type="text/javascript">
function ajaxTest() {
var type = "2";
$.ajax({
type : "post",
url : "../test/welCome",
dataType : "json",
data : {reqType : type} ,
success : function(data) {
$("#div1").html(data.uuid + "<br>" +
data.welMsg + "<br>"+
data.dateTime);
},
error : function(XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {
alert(errorThrown);
}
});
}
</script>
<body>
这是html
<div id="div1"></div>
<button type="button" onclick="ajaxTest()">Welcome</button>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function() {
$("#div1").html("呵呵");
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
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