Spring和Spring Mvc整合详解

作者: 逍遥天扬 | 来源:发表于2019-02-15 18:50 被阅读11次

Spring和Spring Mvc整合详解

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Spring

Spring Mvc

概述

Spring Mvc的启动方式不同于Spring Boot，Spring Boot内嵌了tomcat容器，可以打包成jar文件快速启动。Spring Mvc仍需要打包成war包。所以，它是离不开web.xml配置。

配置Spring和Spring Mvc，主要有：

1.在web.xml中配置好Spring相关Listener/Filter/Servlet，并指明Spring和Spring Mvc的配置文件，当然，也可以不指定，放在classpath下就行，严谨一点还是写出来为好。
2.配置applicationContext.xml，这个是给Spring用的，名字随意，只要在web.xml指定就行。
3.配置 spring-servlet.xml，这个是给Spring Mvc用的，名字随意，只要在web.xml指定就行。

Git地址：
Gitee

项目地址：
品茗IT-Spring之路专题

品茗IT：提供在线快速构建Spring项目工具。

开始搭建

依赖Jar包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
  <display-name>UmpEnt</display-name>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:properties/log4j.properties</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>log4jRefreshInterval</param-name>
    <param-value>600000</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
      <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <filter>
    <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>/index.html</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

Spring配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context      
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache 
                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.0.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.cff.springwork">
    </context:component-scan>
    
    
</beans>

这个配置文件里可以写入一些bean的配置。

Spring是一个大的父容器，Spring Mvc是其中的一个子容器。父容器不能访问子容器对象，但是子容器可以访问父容器对象。因此，bean的配置要写到这个文件中，而不是Spring Mvc的配置文件中。

Spring Mvc配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation=" 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config />
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.cff.springwork">
    </context:component-scan>
    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <property name="prefix" value="" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
    </bean>

    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />

    <bean
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
        <property name="messageConverters">
            <list>
                <bean
                    class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter" />
                <bean
                    class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
                    <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                        <list>
                            <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value>
                        </list>
                    </property>
                </bean>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" />

    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <mvc:message-converters>
            <bean
                class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>

    <mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/css/" mapping="/css/**" />
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
</beans>

Spring是一个大的父容器，Spring Mvc是其中的一个子容器。父容器不能访问子容器对象，但是子容器可以访问父容器对象。因此，bean的配置要写到这个文件中，而不是Spring Mvc的配置文件中。

简单的Controller

package com.cff.springwork.web.endpoint.test;

import java.util.UUID;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.cff.springwork.web.entity.WelEntity;

@RestController("testController")
@RequestMapping("/test")
public class TestController {

    @RequestMapping("/welCome")
    public WelEntity welCome(@RequestParam String reqType){
        String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        String welMsg = "welcome 程序猿";
        if(reqType != null && "1000".equals(reqType)){
            welMsg = "welcome 程序媛";
        }
        WelEntity welEntity = new WelEntity();
        welEntity.setUuid(uuid);
        welEntity.setWelMsg(welMsg);
        return welEntity;
    }
}

实体：

package com.cff.springwork.web.entity;

public class WelEntity {
    private String uuid;
    private String welMsg;
    public String getUuid() {
        return uuid;
    }
    public void setUuid(String uuid) {
        this.uuid = uuid;
    }
    public String getWelMsg() {
        return welMsg;
    }
    public void setWelMsg(String welMsg) {
        this.welMsg = welMsg;
    }
}

前端配合

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.3.0/jquery.min.js"></script>
<title>SkyNet</title>
</head>
<script type="text/javascript">
    function ajaxTest() {
        var type = "2";
        $.ajax({
            type : "post",
            url : "../test/welCome",
            dataType : "json",
            data : {reqType : type} ,
            success : function(data) {
                $("#div1").html(data.uuid + "<br>" + 
                        data.welMsg + "<br>"+
                        data.dateTime);
            },
            error : function(XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) {
                alert(errorThrown);
            }
        });
    }
</script>
<body>
    这是html
    <div id="div1"></div>
    <button type="button" onclick="ajaxTest()">Welcome</button>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(document).ready(function() {
            $("#div1").html("呵呵");
        });
    </script>
</body>
</html>

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Spring和Spring Mvc整合详解