使用Vim宏，您可以记录操作并将它们存储在Vim寄存器中，以便在需要时执行。

基础

qa                     Start recording a macro in register a
q (while recording)    Stop recording macro

@a    Execute macro from register a
@@    Execute the last executed macros

举例
hello
vim
macros
are
awesome
想要讲上面文本都大写

qa0gU$jq

• qa starts recording a macro in the a register.
• 0 goes to beginning of the line.
• gU$ uppercases the text from your current location to the end of the line.
• j goes down one line.
• q stops recording.

然后，利用@a重复——3@a

Safety Guard

宏执行在遇到错误时自动结束。

Command Line Macro

:normal @a
:2,3 normal @a execute your macro between lines 2 and 3

跨多个文件执行宏

• :args *.txt
  find all .txt files in your current directory.
• :argdo g/donut/normal @a
  executes the global command g/donut/normal @a on each file inside :args
• :argdo update
  executes update command to save each file inside :args when the buffer has been modified.

递归宏

a. chocolate donut
b. mochi donut
c. powdered sugar donut
d. plain donut
目的：切换第一个单词的大小写

qaqqa0W~j@aq

• qaq
  必须从一个空寄存器开始，因为当你递归调用宏时，它将运行寄存器中的任何内容。
• qa
  starts recording on register a.
• 0
  goes to the first character in the current line.
• W
  goes to the next WORD.
• ~
  toggles the case of the character under the cursor.
• j
  goes down one line.
• @a
  executes macro a.
• q
  stops recording.

Appending A Macro

qAA.<Esc>q

• qA
  starts recording the macro in register A.
• A.<Esc>
  在行尾插入一个点(这里A是插入模式命令，不要与宏A混淆)，然后退出插入模式。
• q
  stops recording macro.

修改一个宏

之前寄存器a中有一个命令——0W~A.<Esc>，用于给句子首字母切换大小写以及句尾加句号

:put a    显示的是0W~A.^[

^[ is Vim's internal code representation of <Esc>

现在需要修改它，要求可以在单词“donut”(甜甜圈)之前添加单词“deep fried”

• Back to the macro, right after the toggle case operator (~), let's add the instructions to go to the end of the line ($), go back one word (b), go to the insert mode (i), type "deep fried " (don't forget the space after "fried "), and exit insert mode (<Esc>).
• 即 0W~$bideep fried <Esc>A.^[

但是，Vim不能理解<Esc>，必须为<Esc>键编写内部代码表示。

• 在插入模式下, 按下Ctrl-V加<Esc>，就可以输出^[

Ctrl-V是一个插入模式操作符，用于逐字插入下一个非数字字符
宏代码现在应该如下所示

0W~$bideep fried ^[A.^[

要将修改后的指令添加到寄存器a中，你可以像在命名寄存器中添加一个新条目一样进行操作。在行开始处，运行"ay$将被删除的文本存储在寄存器a中。

另一种方法（在命令行）

Do :let @a=", then do Ctrl-R Ctrl-R a, this will literally paste the content of register a. Finally, don't forget to close the double quotes ("). You might have something like

:let @a="0W~$bideep fried ^[A.^["

Macro Redundancy

:let @z = @a
复制寄存器a中的宏到寄存器z

Series Vs Parallel Macro

Vim can execute macros in series and parallel.
举例
import { FUNC1 } from "library1";
import { FUNC2 } from "library2";
import { FUNC3 } from "library3";
import { FUNC4 } from "library4";
import { FUNC5 } from "library5";

If you want to record a macro to lowercase all the uppercased "FUNC", this macro should work:

qa0f{gui{jq

• qa
  starts recording in register a.
• 0
  goes to first line.
• f{
  finds the first instance of "{".
• gui{
  lowercases (gu) the text inside the bracket - text-object (i{).
• j
  goes down one line.
• q
  stops macro recording.

但是如果中间有一行断了，比如：import { FUNC1 } from "library1";
import { FUNC2 } from "library2";
import { FUNC3 } from "library3";
import foo from "bar";
import { FUNC4 } from "library4";
import { FUNC5 } from "library5";

想跳过这一行继续运行就需要——Run the macro in parallel.

• :1,$ normal @a