【教书匠阿伦-外刊精读】泰晤士高等教育世界大学排名，如何保持其权

作者: 教书匠阿伦 | 来源:发表于2019-05-02 08:43 被阅读6次

Before you even hit your twenties, you are faced with one of the most important decisions of your life: which university to choose. For more than a decade, the Times Higher EducationWorld University Rankings have been providing young people and their families with trusted guidance to help with this decision.

当你即将二十岁，你面临着人生中最重要的决定之一：选择大学。十多年来，《泰晤士报》高等教育世界大学排行榜一直为年轻人及其家庭提供可靠的辅助决策信息。

Teaching: the learning environmentFor any student and any subject, the most directly relevant factor is the teaching environment: what it is like to learn at the university. The rankings are based on a strong belief that the quality of teaching at a university is itself predicated on the quality of its research: knowledge production and knowledge transfer at the university.教学：学习环境对所有学生和学科而言，最直接相关因素是教学环境：在大学学习是怎样一种感觉？排名依据于坚信大学教学质量本身取决于其研究质量：知识的产出和迁移应用。

ResearchA university might excel in teaching but not in research: a good teacher does not necessarily a good researcher make. But the quality and volume of research at an institution is nonetheless relevant to you if you are seeking the best academic experience. The Research metric is measured by a reputation survey, which shows how university research is perceived by academic peers; research income, which indicates the importance and quality of research; and research productivity, which indicates how much high-quality research is published by academics at the institution.研究一所大学可能教学上很出色科研却不行：好老师不一定是好科研人员。如果你想找科研厉害的学校，那么学校的科研数量和质量也是一个重要指标。科研标准通过声誉调查衡量，该调查显示了学术同行对大学研究的看法；研究收入，表明了研究的重要性和质量；研究产出，表明了机构在学术界发表多少高质量研究成果。

Citations: research influenceThe ultimate test of the quality of research is its impact, for all research aims to be influential and important. Put more romantically, research impact is a reflection of how much an institution contributes to the worldwide project for collective and collaborative understanding of the world. This contribution is a both a measure of quality at a university, and a source of pride for both academics and students.表彰：学术影响研究质量的最终检验是其产生的影响，因为所有研究的目的都是产生影响且成果发挥重要作用。或者更文艺的说法，研究影响反映了一个机构在多大程度上为全球项目做出了贡献，并促进世界合作理解。这一贡献既是衡量大学质量的标准，也是学术界和学生的骄傲。

Industry IncomeMostly relevant for science, engineering, business and technology subjects, this factor is increasingly becoming a priority for universities and students. It indicates the commercial impact of an institution’s research, which is itself a reflection of the industrial value of the research. The industry income indicator is of fundamental importance if you prioritise the real-world application of the science and technology research.行业收入这一因素与科学、工程、商业和科学技术学科相关，并日益成为大学自身和学生择校时的优先考虑点。它可以反映研究机构的商业影响，这本身就代表研究机构的价值。如果您选择学校时把科研的现实应用放在首位，行业收入指标就至关重要。

International OutlookUniversities are no longer compared just with rivals in their own city, or even their own country; world-leading universities are competing globally and attracting students and researchers from across the world. It is measured by three indicators: international to domestic student ratio, international to domestic staff ratio, and the proportion of research that involves international collaboration.国际前景大学不再只与本国院校竞争，世界一流大学在与全球院校竞争，并吸引着来自世界各地的学生和研究人员。学校国际发展前景有三个衡量指标：国际国内学生比例、国际国内员工比例、涉及国际合作的科研项目数量比例。