President Donald Trump signed an executive order to protect “free speech” on college campuses Thursday afternoon. The order will deny federal research grants to colleges and universities on the basis of whether their policies support “free speech.”
Officials told the Associated Press that the order’s implementation will be determined in the coming months. Trump proposed the idea in a two-hour speech at the annual Conservative Political Action Conference on March 2, during which he said colleges and universities would have to allow people to speak “if they want our dollars.”
Public universities are already required to uphold the First Amendment, while private universities have their own rights, leading some progressives to wonder how the Trump administration’s order will impact existing policies around speech on campuses. Free speech on college campuses has become a common talking point among conservative and far-rightactors as students protesting white supremacists have successfully shut down alt-rightspeakers, including Richard Spencer—a white nationalist who was scheduled to speak at the deadly Unite the Right rally in 2017, and Milo Yiannopoulos.
Yiannopoulos’s speaking event at the University of California, Berkeley in 2017 was met with protests after the far-right provocateur was expected to publicly out undocumented students by name during the event. Later that same year, Spencer was met with student and community protests during a speech at the University of Florida in Gainesville, where three of his supporters were arrested after one shot a gun at a crowd of people protesting the event.
美国总统特朗普周四下午在大学校园签署了一份保护“言论自由”的行政令。该命令宣布，如果学院和大学政策不充分支持“言论自由”，它们的联邦研究拨款将会被削减。
官员们向美联社表示，该命令的执行将在未来几个月内决定。特朗普在3月2日一年一度的保守派政治行动会议上发表了两个小时的演讲，他说，学院和大学必须允许类似“他们是否盯着我们口袋里的钱”的言论。
公立大学已经被要求支持第一修正案，私立大学被允许保留选择权，这使得部分进步人士对特朗普校园言论方面新政将对现有政策产生的影响存疑。大学校园言论自由已经成为保守派和极右派的共同话题，抗议白人至上主义者的学生已经成功让包括Richard Spencer（一位计划于2017年在极端团结右翼集会上演讲的白人民族主义者）、Milo Yiannopoulos在内的另类右翼闭嘴。
2017年， Yiannopoulos在加州大学伯克利分校的演讲期间，极右翼挑衅者在活动期间公开将未注册的学生排除在外，引发了抗议。同年晚些时候，Spencer在位于Gainesville 的佛罗里达大学发表讲话时遭到学生和社区抗议，在一人向抗议活动的人群开枪后，他的三名支持者被逮捕。
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Trump proposed the idea in a two-hour speech at the annual Conservative Political Action Conference on March 2, during which he said colleges and universities would have to allow people to speak “if they want our dollars.” 表示“在某个期间”，使用during which 引导定语从句。
Free speech on college campuses has become a common talking point among conservative and far-right actors as students protesting white supremacists have successfully shut down alt-right speakers, including Richard Spencer—a white nationalist who was scheduled to speak at the deadly Unite the Right rally in 2017, and Milo Yiannopoulos. 前半句 “Free speech on college campuses has become a common talking point among conservative and far-right actors” 大学校园言论自由已经成为保守派和极右派的共同话题，后半句 中有一个较长的插入语“a white nationalist who was scheduled to speak at the deadly Unite the Right rally in 2017”补充介绍Richard Spencer，剔除插入语结构不复杂 “including Richard Spencer and Milo Yiannopoulos”；插入语中包含一个修饰nationalist的定语从句“who was scheduled to speak at the deadly Unite the Right rally in 2017”；shut down原意“关闭，停下”，这里可以理解成“使禁言，使不发声”。
alt-right：完整的拼写方式为alternative right，即“另类右翼”，持有极端保守或反对变革观点的意识形态组织，主要特点是反对主流政治，通过网络媒体故意散布有争议的内容。
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