一、检查是否已经安装过MySQL
rpm -qa | grep mysql
二、检查用户名和用户组是否已经创建，没有就创建
cat /etc/group | grep mysql
cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
三、/usr/local/目录下，下载安装包
cd /usr/local
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
四、解压安装包，并且删除压缩包
tar xzvf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
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删除压缩包（可不删，或者避免意外安装完成后再删除）
rm -rf mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
重命名为mysql
mv mysql-5.7.24-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
五、创建data文件夹
mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data
六、修改mysql目录下所有目录及文件夹所属的用户组和用户、权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql
七、编译安装MySQL，切记保存下最后的mysql管理员临时密码
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin
./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
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八、修改my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
symbolic-links=0
max_connections=400
innodb_file_per_table=1
#表名大小写不明感，敏感为
lower_case_table_names=1
socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
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九、启动mysql
/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
可能出现的报错：
Starting MySQL.2019-12-03T03:15:10.750726Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log', however file don't exists. Create writable for user 'mysql'.
ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid).
解决：
mkdir /var/log/mariadb
touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/
启动成功如下：
image.png
十、添加软链接，重启服务
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/mysql
service mysql restart
十一、登录mysql，修改密码
mysql -u root -p
回车，输入上面要求保存的临时密码
set password for root@localhost = password('123456'); （123456是新的密码，可自行设置）
可能出现的报错：
Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
因为上面我们配置了socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
解决：
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
十二、开放远程连接
use mysql;
update user set user.Host='%' where user.User='root';
flush privileges;
十三、设置开机自启动
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --list
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