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CoreGraphic框架解析 (二十九) —— 关于线、矩形和

CoreGraphic框架解析 (二十九) —— 关于线、矩形和

作者: 刀客传奇 | 来源:发表于2021-09-04 10:45 被阅读0次

    版本记录

    版本号 时间
    V1.0 2021.09.04 星期六

    前言

    quartz是一个通用的术语,用于描述在iOSMAC OS X 中整个媒体层用到的多种技术 包括图形、动画、音频、适配。Quart 2D 是一组二维绘图和渲染APICore Graphic会使用到这组APIQuartz Core专指Core Animation用到的动画相关的库、API和类。CoreGraphicsUIKit下的主要绘图系统,频繁的用于绘制自定义视图。Core Graphics是高度集成于UIView和其他UIKit部分的。Core Graphics数据结构和函数可以通过前缀CG来识别。在app中很多时候绘图等操作我们要利用CoreGraphic框架,它能绘制字符串、图形、渐变色等等,是一个很强大的工具。感兴趣的可以看我另外几篇。
    1. CoreGraphic框架解析(一)—— 基本概览
    2. CoreGraphic框架解析(二)—— 基本使用
    3. CoreGraphic框架解析(三)—— 类波浪线的实现
    4. CoreGraphic框架解析(四)—— 基本架构补充
    5. CoreGraphic框架解析 (五)—— 基于CoreGraphic的一个简单绘制示例 (一)
    6. CoreGraphic框架解析 (六)—— 基于CoreGraphic的一个简单绘制示例 (二)
    7. CoreGraphic框架解析 (七)—— 基于CoreGraphic的一个简单绘制示例 (三)
    8. CoreGraphic框架解析 (八)—— 基于CoreGraphic的一个简单绘制示例 (四)
    9. CoreGraphic框架解析 (九)—— 一个简单小游戏 (一)
    10. CoreGraphic框架解析 (十)—— 一个简单小游戏 (二)
    11. CoreGraphic框架解析 (十一)—— 一个简单小游戏 (三)
    12. CoreGraphic框架解析 (十二)—— Shadows 和 Gloss (一)
    13. CoreGraphic框架解析 (十三)—— Shadows 和 Gloss (二)
    14. CoreGraphic框架解析 (十四)—— Arcs 和 Paths (一)
    15. CoreGraphic框架解析 (十五)—— Arcs 和 Paths (二)
    16. CoreGraphic框架解析 (十六)—— Lines, Rectangles 和 Gradients (一)
    17. CoreGraphic框架解析 (十七)—— Lines, Rectangles 和 Gradients (二)
    18. CoreGraphic框架解析 (十八) —— 如何制作Glossy效果的按钮(一)
    19. CoreGraphic框架解析 (十九) —— 如何制作Glossy效果的按钮(二)
    20. CoreGraphic框架解析 (二十) —— Curves and Layers(一)
    21. CoreGraphic框架解析 (二十一) —— Curves and Layers(二)
    22. CoreGraphic框架解析 (二十二) —— Gradients 和 Contexts的简单示例(一)
    23. CoreGraphic框架解析 (二十三) —— Gradients 和 Contexts的简单示例(二)
    24. CoreGraphic框架解析 (二十四) —— 基于Core Graphic的重复图案的绘制(一)
    25. CoreGraphic框架解析 (二十五) —— 基于Core Graphic的重复图案的绘制(二)
    26. CoreGraphic框架解析 (二十六) —— 以高效的方式绘制图案(一)
    27. CoreGraphic框架解析 (二十七) —— 以高效的方式绘制图案(二)
    28. CoreGraphic框架解析 (二十八) —— 关于线、矩形和渐变的绘制(一)

    源码

    1. Swift

    首先看下工程组织结构。

    下面就是源码了

    1. AppDelegate.swift
    
    import UIKit
    
    @UIApplicationMain
    class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {
      func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]? = nil) -> Bool {
        let barAppearance = UINavigationBarAppearance()
        barAppearance.configureWithOpaqueBackground()
        barAppearance.backgroundColor = .starwarsSpaceBlue
        barAppearance.titleTextAttributes = [.foregroundColor: UIColor.starwarsStarshipGrey]
    
        UINavigationBar.appearance().tintColor = .starwarsYellow
        UINavigationBar.appearance().barStyle = .black
        UINavigationBar.appearance().standardAppearance = barAppearance
        UINavigationBar.appearance().scrollEdgeAppearance = barAppearance
        return true
      }
    }
    
    2. SceneDelegate.swift
    
    import UIKit
    
    class SceneDelegate: UIResponder, UIWindowSceneDelegate {
      var window: UIWindow?
    }
    
    3. StarshipListCell.swift
    
    import UIKit
    
    class StarshipListCell: UITableViewCell {
      override func awakeFromNib() {
        super.awakeFromNib()
        backgroundView = StarshipListCellBackground()
      }
    }
    
    4. StarshipImageCell.swift
    
    import UIKit
    
    class StarshipImageCell: UITableViewCell {
      @IBOutlet weak var starshipImageView: UIImageView!
    }
    
    5. StarshipFieldCell.swift
    
    import UIKit
    
    class StarshipFieldCell: UITableViewCell {
      override func draw(_ rect: CGRect) {
        guard let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext() else {
          return
        }
    
        let y = bounds.maxY - 0.5
        let minX = bounds.minX
        let maxX = bounds.maxX
    
        context.setStrokeColor(UIColor.starwarsYellow.cgColor)
        context.setLineWidth(1.0)
        context.move(to: CGPoint(x: minX, y: y))
        context.addLine(to: CGPoint(x: maxX, y: y))
        context.strokePath()
      }
    }
    
    6. StarshipListCellBackground.swift
    
    import UIKit
    
    class StarshipListCellBackground: UIView {
      override func draw(_ rect: CGRect) {
        guard let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext() else {
          return
        }
        context.drawLinearGradient(
          in: bounds,
          startingWith: UIColor.starwarsSpaceBlue.cgColor,
          finishingWith: UIColor.black.cgColor)
    
        let strokeRect = bounds.insetBy(dx: 4.5, dy: 4.5)
        context.setStrokeColor(UIColor.starwarsYellow.cgColor)
        context.setLineWidth(1)
        context.stroke(strokeRect)
      }
    }
    
    7. StarshipTableView.swift
    
    import UIKit
    
    class StarshipTableView: UITableView {
      override func draw(_ rect: CGRect) {
        guard let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext() else {
          return
        }
    
        context.drawLinearGradient(
          in: bounds,
          startingWith: UIColor.starwarsSpaceBlue.cgColor,
          finishingWith: UIColor.black.cgColor)
      }
    }
    
    8. StarshipsViewController.swift
    
    import UIKit
    
    class StarshipsViewController: UITableViewController {
      let starships = Starship.all
    
      override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        tableView.separatorStyle = .none
        tableView.backgroundColor = .starwarsSpaceBlue
      }
    
      override func prepare(for segue: UIStoryboardSegue, sender: Any?) {
        guard let controller = segue.destination as? StarshipDetailViewController else {
          return
        }
        controller.starship = sender as? Starship
      }
    }
    
    extension StarshipsViewController {
      override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return starships.count
      }
    
      override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        guard let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(
          withIdentifier: "ListCell", for: indexPath) as? StarshipListCell else {
          return UITableViewCell()
        }
    
        let starship = starships[indexPath.row]
        cell.textLabel?.text = starship.name
        cell.textLabel?.textColor = .starwarsStarshipGrey
        return cell
      }
    
      override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, didSelectRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) {
        tableView.deselectRow(at: indexPath, animated: true)
    
        let starship = starships[indexPath.row]
        performSegue(withIdentifier: "showDetail", sender: starship)
      }
    }
    
    9. StarshipDetailViewController.swift
    
    import UIKit
    
    class StarshipDetailViewController: UITableViewController {
      var starship: Starship? {
        didSet {
          populateTableItems()
        }
      }
      var tableItems: [StarshipDetailTableItem] = []
    
      let numberFormatter: NumberFormatter = {
        let formatter = NumberFormatter()
        formatter.minimumFractionDigits = 2
        formatter.roundingMode = .halfDown
        return formatter
      }()
    
      override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        tableView.rowHeight = UITableView.automaticDimension
        tableView.estimatedRowHeight = 44.0
      }
    }
    
    extension StarshipDetailViewController {
      func populateTableItems() {
        tableItems = []
        guard let starship = self.starship else {
          return
        }
    
        if let image = starship.image {
          tableItems.append(.image(image))
        }
        tableItems.append(.field("Model", starship.model))
        tableItems.append(.field("Class", starship.starshipClass))
    
        if let costInCredits = starship.costInCredits,
        let formattedCost = numberFormatter.string(from: NSNumber(value: costInCredits)) {
          tableItems.append(.field("Cost in Credits", formattedCost))
      } else {
        tableItems.append(.field("Cost in Credits", "Unknown"))
      }
    
        if let capacity = starship.cargoCapacity,
        let formattedCapacity = numberFormatter.string(from: NSNumber(value: capacity)) {
          tableItems.append(.field("Cargo Capacity", "\(formattedCapacity) kg"))
        } else {
          tableItems.append(.field("Cargo Capacity", "Unknown"))
        }
    
        if let mglt = starship.MGLT {
          tableItems.append(.field("Speed", "\(mglt) megalights"))
        } else {
          tableItems.append(.field("Speed", "Unknown"))
        }
    
        if let aSpeed = starship.maxAtmospheringSpeed {
          tableItems.append(.field("Max Atmosphering Speed", "\(aSpeed)"))
        } else {
          tableItems.append(.field("Max Atmosphering Speed", "Not Applicable"))
        }
    
        if let length = numberFormatter.string(from: NSNumber(value: starship.length)) {
          tableItems.append(.field("Length", "\(length)"))
        } else {
          tableItems.append(.field("Length", "Unknown"))
        }
    
        tableView.reloadData()
      }
    }
    
    extension StarshipDetailViewController {
      override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        tableItems.count
      }
    
      override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, titleForHeaderInSection section: Int) -> String? {
        starship?.name
      }
    
      override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        let item = tableItems[indexPath.row]
    
        switch item {
        case .image(let image):
          guard let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(
            withIdentifier: "ImageCell", for: indexPath) as? StarshipImageCell else {
            return UITableViewCell()
          }
          cell.starshipImageView.image = image
          return cell
    
        case let .field(title, subtitle):
          guard let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(
            withIdentifier: "FieldCell", for: indexPath) as? StarshipFieldCell else {
            return UITableViewCell()
          }
          cell.textLabel?.text = title
          cell.detailTextLabel?.text = subtitle
          cell.textLabel?.textColor = .starwarsStarshipGrey
          cell.detailTextLabel?.textColor = .starwarsYellow
          cell.backgroundColor = .clear
          return cell
        }
      }
    
      override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, willDisplayHeaderView view: UIView, forSection section: Int) {
        view.tintColor = .starwarsYellow
        if let header = view as? UITableViewHeaderFooterView {
          header.textLabel?.textColor = .starwarsSpaceBlue
        }
      }
    }
    
    10. Starship.swift
    
    import Foundation
    import UIKit
    
    struct Starship: Decodable {
      let name: String
      let model: String
      let starshipClass: String
      let costInCredits: Float?
      let cargoCapacity: Float?
      let MGLT: Int?
      let maxAtmospheringSpeed: Int?
      let length: Float
    }
    
    extension Starship {
      var image: UIImage? {
        let imageName = name.lowercased().replacingOccurrences(of: " ", with: "_")
        return UIImage(named: imageName)
      }
    }
    
    // The data stored in Starship.json is a lightly modified response from the Star Wars API example from GraphQL - https://graphql.org/swapi-graphql
    // Full query: https://goo.gl/ngGGFA
    extension Starship {
      static var all: [Starship] {
        guard let url = Bundle.main.url(forResource: "Starships", withExtension: "json") else {
          return []
        }
        do {
          let data = try Data(contentsOf: url)
          let response = try JSONDecoder().decode(Response.self, from: data)
          return response.allStarships.compactMap { $0["node"] }
        } catch {
          print("Could not decode starship data from JSON")
          print(error)
          return []
        }
      }
    }
    
    private extension Starship {
      struct Response: Decodable {
        let allStarships: [[String: Starship]]
      }
    }
    
    11. StarshipDetailTableItem.swift
    
    import Foundation
    import UIKit
    
    enum StarshipDetailTableItem {
      case image(UIImage)
      case field(String, String)
    }
    
    12. UIColor+Extensions.swift
    
    import UIKit
    
    extension UIColor {
      static let starwarsYellow = UIColor(red: 250 / 255, green: 202 / 255, blue: 56 / 255, alpha: 1.0)
      static let starwarsSpaceBlue = UIColor(red: 5 / 255, green: 10 / 255, blue: 85 / 255, alpha: 1.0)
      static let starwarsStarshipGrey = UIColor(red: 159 / 255, green: 150 / 255, blue: 135 / 255, alpha: 1.0)
    }
    
    13. CGContext+Extensions.swift
    
    import CoreGraphics
    
    extension CGContext {
      func drawLinearGradient(
        in rect: CGRect,
        startingWith startColor: CGColor,
        finishingWith endColor: CGColor
      ) {
        let colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB()
        let locations: [CGFloat] = [0.0, 1.0]
        let colors = [startColor, endColor] as CFArray
        guard let gradient = CGGradient(colorsSpace: colorSpace, colors: colors, locations: locations) else {
          return
        }
    
        let startPoint = CGPoint(x: rect.midX, y: rect.minY)
        let endPoint = CGPoint(x: rect.midX, y: rect.maxY)
    
        saveGState()
    
        addRect(rect)
        clip()
        drawLinearGradient(gradient, start: startPoint, end: endPoint, options: CGGradientDrawingOptions())
    
        restoreGState()
      }
    }
    

    后记

    本篇主要讲述了关于线、矩形和渐变的绘制,感兴趣的给个赞或者关注~~~

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