【20180421话题】英语字典使用实战与思考分享Day13

echo.xiao：
【Echo20180421Day6词汇分享】
arise [əraɪz]

【解词】
来源于古英语单词arisan

【释义】
v. 1. If a situation or problem arises, it begins to exist or people start to become aware of it.
近义词：: happen, start, begin, follow

2. If something arises from a particular situation, or arises out of it, it is created or caused by the situation.
3. If something such as a new species, organization, or system arises, it begins to exist and develop.
4. When you arise, you get out of bed in the morning.
   近义词: get up, wake up, awaken, get out of bed
5. When you arise from a sitting or kneeling position, you stand up.
6. You can say that something tall such as a building or mountain arises from the ground around it.
   近义词： ascend, rise, lift, mount

【字典例句】
The birds also attack crops when the opportunity arises.
The intolerable conflicts that arise, arise purely and simply from this rule of priority.
Heavy Metal music really arose in the late 60s.
He arose at 6:30 a.m. as usual.
When I arose from the chair, my father and Eleanor's father were in deep conversation.

【造句】

1. 一些学习障碍源于对孩子的教育方式。
   Some learning bacterium arise from the way children are taught.
2. 目前的争执是由父母的担心引起的。
   The argument right now arose out of the concerns of parents.

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收获：arise的常见搭配
be likely to arise 很大可能产生
be unlikely to arise 不大可能产生
arise from 起源于
arise out of 由……产生

凝镜君：
【林淑君20180421Day13词汇分享】
【同义词辨析】accumulation, collection, aggregation, conglomeration

accumulation 这些东西是逐渐增加，而不是一下子聚集起来的。
【辨析】An accumulation of something is a large number of things which have been collected together or acquired over a period of time.
【例证】an accumulation of experience and knowledge.
经验和知识的积累
the accumulation of capital and the distribution of income...
资本的积累和收入的分配

collection 往往意指积聚物经高度选择而且有组织。
【辨析】A collection of things is a group of similar things that you have deliberately acquired, usually over a period of time.
【例证】Robert's collection of prints and paintings has been bought over the years...
这些年来，罗伯特逐渐收藏了一批版画和绘画作品。

aggregation 指聚集起来的总体，在某种意义上，是一个有联系的整体，但是这整体又不如collection有组织。
【辨析】An aggregate is a number of people or things that are being considered as a single thing.
【例证】An industrial empire is often an aggregation of unrelated enterprises.
工业帝国王往往是互不关联的企业的组合。

conglomeration 是指许多不同的，有时甚至不相配的东西，从相距很远的不同来源和地区聚集在一起的总体。
【辨析】A conglomeration of things is a group of many different things, gathered together.
【例证】The population of New York is a conglomeration of many different kinds of people from various countries and cultures.
纽约市的人口是各国、各文化、个不同民族的混合体。

李洪彬：
【Ben20180421Day6词汇分享】
legerdemain \ˌle-jər-də-ˈmān\

【解词】from French léger de main ‎(literally “light (weight) of hand”)

【释义】Sleight of hand, a cleverly executed trick or deception. 手法（敏捷）；花招，诈骗

【书中例句/解析】
•...a surgen, a musician, and an athlete all may display legerdemain.
•Larry hired a sleazy (不正派的) accountant who promised he could outwit (智胜) the IRS (国税局) by performing financial legerdemain.
•The first lesson of politics is "Watch out for dirty tricks and other unscrupulous forms of legerdemain."
•economic legerdemain 经济上的花招•financial legerdemain 金融欺诈

【造句】
The company was charged with tax evasion by accounting legerdemain. 这个公司被指控通过财务操纵逃税。

【同义词】magic, prestidigitation\ˌpres-tə-ˌdi-jə-ˈtā-shən\（手法敏捷。presti-"quick", digit"a finger"）, thaumaturgy\ˈthȯ-mə-ˌtər-jē\（戏法表演，魔术）

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收获：又一个之前细读过的单词，但是显然印象也没那么深了。
当中的原因，一方面是这个单词有点偏，在我所读的文本中，复现率很低。另一方面则从侧面反映了我在英文阅读这块确实有点停滞了，少了之前的投入度跟专注度。
每重看一个单词，其实都在提醒自己别忘记初心，然后又多读了几遍这个笔记。

pei:
【黎佩婷20180421Day12词汇分享】
mutual
【解词】来自法语mutuel "reciprocal, done in exchange”
【释义】
adv.

1. use mutual to describe a situation, feeling, or action that is experienced, felt, or done by both of two people mentioned.

2. use mutual to describe something such as an interest which two or more people share.

3.If a building society or an insurance company has mutual status, it is not owned by shareholders but by its customers, who receive a share of the profits.

【例句】
The East and the West can work together for their mutual benefit and progress.
东西方可以为彼此共同的利益和发展而合作。

【造句】The meeting implies these two countries will reach a mutual cooperation.

【常用短语】
mutual aid〔assistance〕 彼此的帮助
mutual benefit〔interests〕相互的利润
mutual defence〔enemies, friends〕 共同的防御〔敌人,朋友〕

叶：
【叶20180421Day5词汇分享】
neologism

【来源】一篇关于词汇的文章

【查词】
A neologism is a new word or expression in a language, or a new meaning for an existing word or expression.
[technical]
Some neologisms become widely used and enter the language.
Synonyms: new word, buzz word [informal], coinage, new phrase

neo- prefix [in nouns and adjectives] based on a style, set of ideas, or political system that existed in the past

【拓展学习】

1. Yet today the portmanteau is probably the most fertile vehicle for neologisms.
2. The word thus invented is both a neologism and a cliché.
3. neologism：A made-up word that is not a part of normal, everyday vocabulary. Often Shakespeare invented new words in his place for artistic reasons. For instance, "I hold her as a thing enskied." The word enskied implies that the girl should be placed in the heavens. Other Shakespearean examples include climature (a mix between climate and temperature) and abyssm (a blend between abyss and chasm), and compounded verbs like outface or un-king. Contrast with kenning. Occasionally, the neologism is so useful it becomes a part of common usage, such as the word new-fangled that Chaucer invented in the 1300s. A neologism may be considered either a rhetorical scheme or a rhetorical trope, depending upon whose scholarly definition the reader trusts. See compounding, infixation, epenthesis, proparalepsis, and prosthesis.