Vocabulary
1.Stagnate:to stop developing or making progress 停滞；不发展；不进步 If something such as a business or society stagnates, it stops changing or progressing.
【派生词】stagnationNoun.E.g. a period of economic stagnation 经济停滞时期
2.hallmark: a feature or quality that is typical of sb/sth 特征；特点 The hallmark of something or someone is their most typical quality or feature.
E.g. Police said the explosion bore all the hallmarks of a terrorist attack. 警方称这次爆炸具有恐怖分子袭击的所有特征
3.in living memory: at a time, or during the time, that is remembered by people still alive 在仍活着的人们的记忆中；记忆犹新
E.g.the coldest winter in living memory 人们记忆中最寒冷的冬天
4.upheaval:a big change that causes a lot of confusion, worry and problems 剧变；激变；动乱；动荡 【synonyms】disruption .E.g. the latest upheavals in the education system 最近教育制度上的种种变更
5.eliminate:~ sb (from sth) [常用被动态] to defeat a person or a team so that they no longer take part in a competition, etc. （比赛中/选举中）淘汰 【synonyms】knock outE.g. All the English teams were eliminated in the early stages of the competition. 所有英格兰队伍在比赛初期就被淘汰了
6.ballot： the system of voting in writing and usually in secret; an occasion on which a vote is held （无记名）投票选举；投票表决E.g.The chairperson is chosen by secret ballot. 主席是通过无记名投票选举产生的
7.insurgent: noun.a person fighting against the government or armed forces of their own country 起义者；叛乱者；造反者 【synonyms】rebel 【在文中理解为“黑马”】
Adj: 叛乱的【synonyms】rebellious
8.charismatic:adj.** having charisma 有超凡魅力的；有号召力（或感召力）的E.g. a charismatic leader 魅力超凡的领袖
** believing in special gifts from God; worshipping in a very enthusiastic way 蒙受神恩的；有特恩的；虔诚崇拜的 The charismatic church is the part of the Christian Church that believes that people can obtain special gifts from God, for example the power to heal sick people.
9.upstart:a person who has just started in a new position or job but who behaves as if they are more important than other people, in a way that is annoying 自命不凡的新上任者；狂妄自大的新手
10.realignment: （公司、经济或体系的）重组 If a company, economy, or system goes through a realignment, it is organized or arranged in a new way.E.g. a realignment of the existing political structure 现存政治结构的重组
11.reverberations: the effects of sth that happens, especially unpleasant ones that spread among a large number of people 影响；（尤指）广泛的消极影响 【synonyms】repercussion
12.revitalise:give new life or vigor to 使恢复元气，使具有新的活力E.g. The other way for the US to revitalise manufacturing is to promote foreign direct investment 美国振兴制造业的另一个方法是促进外国直接投资
13.wreck:to spoil sth completely 毁灭；毁掉E.g. The weather wrecked all our plans 天气把我们的计划全都毁了
14 Les misérables[French]=wretched (English) :
**making you feel sympathy or pity 可怜的；悲惨的
**used to show that you think that sb/sth is extremely annoying （表示憎恶）该死的，无法容忍的
15.fury: a state of being extremely angry about sth 狂怒；暴怒 [synonyms]rageE.g.He flew into a fury when I refused 我拒绝，他就勃然大怒。
16. standard-bearer :(具有共同目标或利益的一群人的)领袖，旗手，代表 If you describe someone as thestandard bearerof a group, you mean that they act as the leader or public representative of a group of people who have the same aims or interests.
E.g. Farrakhan was a poor standard-bearer for the causes of African-Americans. 法拉坎算不上是美国黑人运动的一位模范领袖。
17. ...revealed that he was being formally investigated for paying his wife and children nearly €1m($1.05m) of public money for allegedly fake jobs.
Allege: verb . to state sth as a fact but without giving proof （未提出证据）断言，指称，声称
[派生词]allegedly: adv 据说. E.g. crimes allegedly committed during the war 据说是战争期间所犯的罪行
18.anguish: formal) severe pain, mental suffering or unhappiness 剧痛；极度痛苦；苦恼
E.g. He groaned in anguish . 他痛苦地呻吟。
[派生词]anguishedadj. anguished cries 痛苦不堪的，悲痛欲绝的
19.poll： the process of questioning people who are representative of a larger group in order to get information about the general opinion 民意测验；民意调查 [synonyms]survey
E.g. to carry out/conduct a poll 进行民意测验
20.grumbling: noun. the act of complaining about sth 咕哝；嘟囔；发牢骚E.g. We didn't hear any grumbling about the food 我们没听到过对食物的抱怨
grumblings[复数] protests about sth that come from a number of people but that are not expressed very clearly （集体的）隐隐的不满
21.gloom: a feeling of being sad and without hope 忧郁；愁闷；无望 [synonyms]depression.
E.g.The gloom deepened as the election results came in. 选举结果陆续传来，失败的情绪越来越重
22.sluggish: adj. moving, reacting or working more slowly than normal and in a way that seems lazy 缓慢的；迟缓的；懒洋洋的E.g. a sluggish economy 经济停滞
[派生词]sluggishly adv. sluggishness noun
23.its vast state, which absorbs 57% of GDP, has sapped the country’s vitality.
sap: ~ sth | ~ sb (of sth) to make sth/sb weaker; to destroy sth gradually 使虚弱；削弱；逐渐破坏E.g. Years of failure have sapped him of his confidence 连年失败使他逐渐丧失了自信。
vitality:energy and enthusiasm 生命力；活力；热情 【synonyms】 vigour. E.g. She is bursting with vitality and new ideas 她朝气蓬勃，满脑子新主意。
24.But the malaise goes well beyond stagnant living standards.
malaise:the problems affecting a particular situation or group of people that are difficult to explain or identify （广泛存在的）难以捉摸的问题，无法描述的问题E.g.economic/financial/social malaise 揣摩不透的经济 / 金融 / 社会问题
stagnant: not developing, growing or changing 停滞的；不发展的；无变化的 [synonyms]static
e.g. a stagnant economy 停滞的经济
25.Repeated terrorist attacks have jangled nerves, forced citizens to live under a state of emergency and exposed deep cultural rifts in the country with Europe’s largest Muslim community.
jangled nerves. 心烦意乱.
jangle :if your nerves jangle , or if sb/sth jangles them, you feel anxious or upset 刺激，烦扰（神经）；（使）烦躁不安.e.g.She was suddenly wide awake, her nerves jangling. 她突然间清醒过来，神经焦躁不安
rift:a serious disagreement between people that stops their relationship from continuing 分裂；分歧；严重不和e.g. The rift within the party deepened. 党内的分歧加深了
26.get to grips: to begin to understand and deal with sth difficult 认真对待处理
E.g. The government's first task is to get to grips with the economy 政府的首要任务是处理好经济问题
27.overhaul:an examination of a machine or system, including doing repairs on it or making changes to it 检修；大修；改造e.g. A radical overhaul of the tax system is necessary. 有必要彻底改革税制。
28.strike: noun. a period of time when an organized group of employees of a company stops working because of a disagreement over pay or conditions 罢工；罢课；罢市e.g. Air traffic controllers are threatening to come out on/go on strike 空中交通管制员威胁要举行罢工
29.fell: to make sb fall to the ground 击倒，打倒
30.disastrous:very bad, harmful or unsuccessful 极糟糕的；灾难性的；完全失败的e.g. Lowering interest rates could have disastrous consequences for the economy. 降低利率可能给经济带来灾难性后果
31.stasis: noun.a situation in which there is no change or development 停滞；静止E.g. Rock'n'roll had entered a period of stasis 摇滚乐已经进入了一个停滞期
32. throw the bums out ： it's used metaphorically to refer to ineffective politicians, or members of a sports team on a losing streak. Thus, we wish to get rid of those worthless members, and replace them with new ones.
33.Both Mr Macron and Ms Le Pen tap into that frustration. But they offer radically different diagnoses of what ails France and radically different remedies.
tap into : 利用，开发
diagnosis: (pl. diagnoses |-si:z|)~ (of sth) the act of discovering or identifying the exact cause of an illness or a problem 诊断；（问题原因的）判断E.g. An accurate diagnosis was made after a series of tests. 准确的诊断是在一系列的检查后作出的
remedy: a way of dealing with or improving an unpleasant or difficult situation 处理方法；改进措施；补偿 [synonyms]solution.E.g. There is no simple remedy for unemployment. 失业问题没有简单的解决办法
ail:to cause problems for sb/sth 困扰；干扰；使麻烦E.g.They discussed the problems ailing the steel industry 他们讨论了困扰钢铁工业的问题
34.welfare: practical or financial help that is provided, often by the government, for people or animals that need it （政府给予的）福利E.g. a social welfare programme 社会福利计划
35.anti-semitic: 反对犹太人的；歧视犹太人的 Someone or something that is anti-Semitic is hostile to or prejudiced against Jewish people.e.g.His anti-Semitic beliefs were well-known in America 他的反犹信仰在美国很出名。
36.shut out: to prevent sb/sth from entering a place 使…不能进入；挡住；遮住e.g.They refused to allow Republicans to offer amendments, effectively shutting them out of the process. 他们拒不允许共和党人提出修正案，实际上是将他们排除在了进程之外。
37.decry: ~ sb/sth (as sth) (formal) to strongly criticize sb/sth, especially publicly （公开）谴责；（强烈）批评 [synonyms]condemnE.g.The measures were decried as useless
38.perilous: adj. very dangerous 危险的；艰险的 [synonyms]hazardous.E.g.The road grew even steeper and more perilous. 道路变得越来越陡峭，越来越凶险。
39.vow: to make a formal and serious promise to do sth or a formal statement that is true 起誓；立誓；发誓.e.g. She vowed never to speak to him again. 她发誓再也不和他说话了
40.mosque:a building in which Muslims worship 清真寺
41.She vows to close radical mosques, stanch the flow of immigrants to a trickle, obstruct foreign trade, swap the euro for a resurrected French franc and call a referendum on leaving the EU. 她发誓要关闭激进清真寺、停止移民流入，阻碍对外贸易，将欧元换回法国法郎的复兴，呼吁退出欧盟公投。
42.cumbersome：long or complicated 冗长的；累赘的；复杂的
E.g. cumbersome legal procedures 繁琐的法律程序
43.manifesto: a written statement in which a group of people, especially a political party, explain their beliefs and say what they will do if they win an election 宣言E.g. the party manifesto 政党宣言
44.make a hither to extremist party socially acceptable使成为一个社会所允许的极端主义政党
45. His liberalising programme will probably be less bold than that of the beleaguered MrFillon, who has promised to trim the state pay roll by 500,000 workers and slash the labour code.
beleaguered:experiencing a lot of criticism and difficulties 饱受批评的；处于困境的.E.g.The beleaguered party leader was forced to resign. 那位饱受指责的政党领导人被迫辞职。
trim :to make sth neater, smaller, better, etc., by cutting parts from it 修剪；修整E.g. The training budget had been trimmed by £10 000.培训预算削减了1万英镑。
slash: to reduce sth by a large amount 大幅度削减；大大降低E.g. to slash costs/prices/fares, etc. 大幅度降低成本、价格、车费等
46.Nonetheless: despite this fact 尽管如此 [synonyms]neverthelessE.g. The book is too long but, nonetheless, informative and entertaining. 这本书篇幅太长，但是很有知识性和趣味性
47.hefty loan: 巨额贷款.
hefty :large; larger than usual or expected 很大的；超出一般的；可观的E.g. They sold it easily and made a hefty profit
Mindmap :
By 叹息林上
神句组 ： 【笃师版+注解】
1. Stagnation, both political andeconomic, has been the hallmark of a countrywhere little has changed for decades, even aspower has rotated between the established parties of left and right. 政治和经济上的停滞，已成为这个国家的特征，数十年来几乎很少改变，即使权力在建立的左右两党之间轮转。
【法国过去几十年都鲜有变化，政治和经济上的停滞已经成了这个国家的典型特征，即便传统的左派和右派轮流执政也毫不起色。注：established这个词很有意思，绝对的报刊高频词，通常表示某事/人/物已有稳固地位，比如established capitalist countries通常被翻成老牌资本主义国家。They are an established company with a good reputation. 他们是一家地位稳固，信誉良好的公司。An established actor 著名演员】
2. The implications of these insurgencies are hard to exaggerate.这些反叛者的影响已经深远到不能再夸大。
【这些黑马带来的影响难以估量。infurgencies 原指an attempt to take control of a country be force,此处是和老牌政党成对比】
3..The resulting realignment will have reverberations far beyond France’s borders.It could revitalize the European Union, or wreck it. 重组的结果将会引起远超法国国境的反响，它可以重新振兴欧盟，或使其毁灭。
【随之而来的改变所影响的范围远远不止法国本土，欧盟极有可能因此重振或毁灭。Reverberation原意是回声，引申为影响，尤指广泛且消极的影响。】
4. Further fueling voter’s anger is their anguish at the state of France. 更进一步助长选民的愤怒是他们在法国本土的痛苦不堪。
【法国的现状令当地选民极为苦恼，这进一步激发了他们的愤怒。】
5. Its vast state, which absorbs 57% of GDP, has sapped the country’s vitality. 它庞大的政府，汲取了近57%的GDP，已经严重削弱了国家的活力。
【庞大的政府消耗了GDP的57%，国家的活力因此而被削弱。
Sap vitality/energy/confidence:sap sth/sap sb of sth: to make sb/sth weaker; to destroy sth gradually.
The hot sun sapped our energy.
Years of failure have sapped him of his confidence.
注：Vast state指政府臃肿庞大，开支惊人，中国2010年政府开支占GDP比重为22%，供参考】
6. If she pulls France out of the euro, it would trigger a financial crisis and doom a union that, for all its flaws, has promoted peace and prosperity in Europe for six decades. 如果她把法国拉出欧盟，将会引发一场金融危机，把欧盟推向末路。后者尽管存在种种问题，却给欧洲带来了持续60年的和平与繁荣。
【如果她使法国退出欧元区，则会引发一场金融危机，并且将欧盟带向灭亡。尽管欧盟有各种缺陷，但在过去六十年间确实促进了欧洲的和平与繁荣发展。
Forall=despite很眼熟有木有？？！高频词】
神词组：
1. Uselessness and self-dealing of the ruling class： 统治阶层的无用和假公济私
2. Exposed deep cultural rifts with暴露与..深层的文化裂痕【Rift=division The rift within the party deepened.党内分歧加深了。 Efforts to heal the rift between the two countries have failed.弥合两国间分歧的各种努力都已失败。】
3. Get to grips with：认真对待处理【grip原意是“紧握”，延伸为“控制，影响力”，此处可理解为“解决”…】
4. Overhaul of pensions and social security养老金和社会保障的彻底改革【退休金和社会保障改革 】
5.Massive strikes： 大规模罢工
6.Tap into that frustration: 利用那些挫败【利用这种沮丧的情绪】
7.Radically different： 截然不同的
8.Call a referendum on leaving the EU公投离开欧盟【号召脱欧公投】
9.Staunchlypro-trade/embraces cultural change and technological disruption 坚决支持贸易/ 接受文化变迁和技术颠覆（创新）【坚定支持…】
10 Be short on precise policies缺乏精确的策略【缺少具体的政策】
11.Pitch himself as： 定位自己为【把自己宣传/定位成…名词：an aggressivesales pitch:强有力的推销行话，Each company was given ten minutes tomake its pitch.每个公司有十分钟的时间进行推销宣传;
动词：推销pitchsth at sb/pitch sth as sth: to aim or direct a product or service at aparticular group of people. Eg. The new software is being pitched atbanks.这种新软件以银行为目标市场。】
12.Trim the state payroll by削减政府工资 【削减员工数量】
13.Repudiation of the status quo对现状的批判否认【对现状的抗拒】
14.Appeal to sb 吸引，受……欢迎【to attract or interest sb. Eg. The design has to appeal to allages and social groups.设计要雅俗共赏，老幼皆宜】
15.Hefty loan 巨额贷款
16.Suffer hacking attacks遭受黑客袭击
17.Slash labor code:痛贬劳动法【简化劳动法】
18.Enact agenda: 执行议程【执行计划】
总结反思：
上次关注总统大选应该是美国去年的大选，对法国本来无感，不过学习了这篇文章也是开阔了眼界。整篇文章结构很简单，唯一有障碍的就是大量生词了。也因为看的时刊较少，所以啃词花费的时间较多。
先回顾下文章，作者的立意是法国的总统大选无疑是法国的又一次革命，只是这次革命会把法国带向何处，它的影响又不限在法国，对欧盟的未来也息息相关，或者重新激发欧盟的活力，或者致其毁灭。除却被踢除的那几位候选人，现在遥遥领先选票的就是两匹黑马了（Marine Le
Pen） 和（Emmanuel Macron）。 统观作者列举的几位候选人和历届领导人的事迹，再加上背景调查，真的觉得现在的总统大选都是“世无英雄，使竖子成名”的局面。已经没有哪位候选人是真的当之无愧，而顶多是没有更好的选项所以我只能选你。对法国而言，两位黑马就是两个对立面，Macron主张开放（open),Le pen主张关门保护（closed) . 在法国目前种种困境和矛盾困扰下，两位也是使尽解数亮出各自的主张笼络人心。孰是孰非，作者在文末也给出了自己的直观见解，在这点上我也赞同作者的看法，当前全球化的大环境下，想用保护限制的办法，来带动一个国家走向振兴，实在觉得像极了闭关锁国时的大清国。
关于词汇方面，还是结合笃师的翻译来重新过了一遍，亮点很多，for all=despite ,tap into, pitch as, 等真的是丰富了自己的词库太多。
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