长难句20190509

The coming of age of the postwar baby boom and an entry of women into the male-dominated job market have limited the opportunities of teenagers who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices involved in climbing Japan’s rigid social ladder to good schools and jobs. In a recent survey, it was found that only 24.5 percent of Japanese students were fully satisfied with school life, compared with 67.2 percent of students in the United States. In addition, far more Japanese workers expressed dissatisfaction with their jobs than did their counterparts in the 10 other countries surveyed.(2000年 Text 4)

长难句解析：

本句是复合句，句子的主干是The coming of age and an entry have limited the opportunities of teenagers.

这句话原文中的两个短语of the postwar baby boom 和of women into the male-dominated job market都是介词短语分别作age和entry的后置定语。其次，who are already questioning the heavy personal sacrifices是who引导的定语从句修饰teenager.最后involved in climbing Japan’srigid social ladder to good schools and jobs是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰sacrifices.

核心词汇：

boom /bum/ n.〔生意〕繁荣，兴旺 v.繁荣，迅速发展

dominated / 'dɔmineitid/ adj.主导的

question /'kwɛstʃən/ v.质疑 n. 问题

sacrifice  /'sækrɪfaɪs/  n.牺牲 v.牺牲，献出

rigid /'rɪdʒɪd/ adj. 严格的，死板的

counterpart /'kaʊntɚpɑrt/ n.相对或具有相同功能的人或者物

参考译文：

战后婴儿潮一代进入职业黄金期和女性进入由男性主导的工作市场已经限制了年轻人的机会。这些年轻人一直在质疑为攀登通往好学校和工作的严格的日本社会阶梯而付出的沉重的个人牺牲。最新的一项调查发现，只有24.5%日本学生对他们的学校生活完全满意，相比较之下，美国却有67.2%。除此之外，与其他参与调查的10个国家相比，更多的日本工人表达了他们对于工作的不满。