米兰达诉亚利桑那州案

Miranda v. Arizona
米兰达诉亚利桑那州案

If you have ever watched an American crime show, you know about this Supreme（最高） Court case.

如果你看过美国犯罪节目，你就知道这个最高法院的案子。

Listen to what the police officer says.

听到警察说:

"You do have the right to remain silent. You also have the right to be represented by an attorney（律师）…"

“你有权保持沉默。你也有权由律师代表……”

Those rights — the rights not to speak and to have a lawyer — are known as Miranda rights.

这些权利——保持沉默和请律师的权利——被称为米兰达权利。

The name comes from Ernesto Miranda.

这个名字来自埃内斯托·米兰达。

In 1963, he was arrested and charged with kidnapping（绑架）, robbing, and raping a young woman.

1963年，他被逮捕，并被控绑架、抢劫和强奸一名年轻女子。

Police arrested Miranda and questioned him. Miranda admitted to some of the crimes, and a jury（陪审团） later used his confession（供词） to find him guilty.

警察逮捕了米兰达并审问了他。米兰达承认了一些罪行，陪审团后来用他的供词认定他有罪。

But some activists said Miranda's trial was not fair.

但一些积极分子表示，对米兰达的审判是不公平的。

The reason, they said, was because police had not clearly told Miranda about his rights.

他们说，原因是警方没有明确告知米兰达他的权利。

The U.S. Constitution says people do not have to admit to wrongdoing.

美国宪法规定，人们不必承认有不当行为。

A majority of justices agreed.

大多数法官表示同意。

Their decision changed police policies, and strengthened protections for people who have been arrested.

他们的决定改变了警方的政策，并加强了对被捕人员的保护。

By the way, Ernesto Miranda? He was given another trial.

顺便问一下，埃内斯托·米兰达最后怎么了？他又接受了一次审判。

This time, lawyers could not use his confession against him.

这一次，律师不能用他的供词来指控他。

But they did use sworn（宣誓过的） statements by his ex-girlfriend. He was again found guilty and sentenced to prison.

但他们确实使用了他前女友的宣誓证词。他再次被判有罪并被判刑。

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