单元测试

1. 新建 asp.net core web 工程
2. 新建 xunit 工程，引用 web 工程
3. 在 xunit 工程中添加包：Microsoft.AspNetCore.All。添加后如果有问题，将 csporj 文件中的 Microsoft.AspNetCore.All 版本号去掉

 <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.AspNetCore.All" /><PackageReference>

4. 可选择添加 Moq 库 Mock

测试用例：

    public class ControllerTests
    {
        [Fact]
        public void VerifyIndexViewType()
        {
            //var repository = new InMemoryProductRepository();
            //var controller = new HomeController(repository);
            var repository = new Mock<IProductRepository>();
            var controller = new HomeController(repository.Object);
            var result = controller.Index();
            Assert.IsType<ViewResult>(result);
        }
        [Fact]
        public void VerifyListProductCount()
        {
            var repository = new Mock<IProductRepository>();
            repository.Setup(x => x.ListProducts()).Returns(
                 new List<Product>
                    {
                        new Product{Id="a",Name="aaa",Price = 2.5m},
                         new Product{Id="b",Name="bbb",Price = 3.5m}
                    }
                );
            var controller = new HomeController(repository.Object);
            var result = Assert.IsType<ViewResult>(controller.List());
            var model = Assert.IsType<List<Product>>(result.Model);
            Assert.Equal(2, model.Count);
        }
        [Fact]
        public void VerifyValidIdReturnsProperProduct()
        {
            var repository = new Mock<IProductRepository>();
            repository.Setup(
                x =>x
                .GetRepository(It.IsInRange("aaa","bbb",Range.Inclusive))

            ).Returns(new Product { Id = "aaa", Name = "aaa", Price = 2.5m });
            var controller = new HomeController(repository.Object);
            var result = Assert.IsType<ViewResult>(controller.Detail("aaa"));
            var model = Assert.IsType<Product>(result.Model);
            Assert.Equal("aaa", model.Name);
        }
        [Fact]
        public void VerifyInValidIdReturnsProperProduct()
        {
            var repository = new Mock<IProductRepository>();
            repository.Setup(
                x => x
                .GetRepository(It.IsInRange("ccc", "ddd", Range.Inclusive))
            ).Returns((Product)null);
            var controller = new HomeController(repository.Object);
            var result = Assert.IsType<ViewResult>(controller.Detail("ccc"));
            Assert.Null(result.Model);
        }
    }

集成测试 参考

• 添加 Microsoft.AspNetCore.TestHost
• 建立 CientProvider 类以方便测试：

    public class ClientProvider:IDisposable
    {
        private TestServer _server;
        public  HttpClient Client { get; private set; }
        public ClientProvider()
        {
            _server = new TestServer(new WebHostBuilder().UseStartup<Startup>());
            Client = _server.CreateClient();
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
            _server?.Dispose();
            Client?.Dispose();
        }
    }

待测试的 Controller：

    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    [ApiController]
    public class EmployeeController : ControllerBase
    {
        List<Employee> employees = new List<Employee>();
        [HttpGet]
        public ActionResult GetAll()
        {
            return Ok(new Employee { Id = 1, Name = "asd" });
        }
        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult<List<Employee>> Add(Employee employee)
        {
            employees.Add(employee);
            return Ok(employees);
        }
    }

测试类写法：

    public class EmployeeApiIntergrationTests
    {
        [Fact]
        public async Task Test_GetAll()
        {
            using (var client = new ClientProvider().Client)
            {
                var response = await client.GetAsync("/api/employee");
                response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, response.StatusCode);
            }
        }

    }

• 添加 FluentAssertions库 快速断言

        [Fact]
        public async Task Test_GetAll()
        {
            using (var client = new ClientProvider().Client)
            {
                var response = await client.GetAsync("/api/employee");
                response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                response.StatusCode.Should().Be(HttpStatusCode.OK);
            }
        }

• Post 测试：

        [Fact]
        public async Task Test_Post()
        {
            using (var client = new ClientProvider().Client)
            {
                var employee = new Employee { Id = 2, Name = "abc" };
                var postContent = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(employee);
                var response = await client.PostAsync(
                    "/api/employee",
                     new StringContent(postContent,Encoding.UTF8,"application/json")
                    );
                response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
                response.StatusCode.Should().Be(HttpStatusCode.OK);
                var responseContent =await response.Content.ReadAsAsync<List<Employee>>();
                responseContent.Count.Should().Be(1);
            }
        }

测试项目packages：

image.png