通常,我们为了避免频繁的查询访问数据库或者第三方接口,会把查询结果缓存到redis或者memcached之类的nosql数据库中,避免数据库或者网络开销过大导致程序效率太低或者雪崩效应,但是代码中频繁的操作缓存,会让代码过于冗长,可以通过自定义注解的方式封装缓存的操作,使代码更简洁,话不多说,直接上代码
1、缓存封装
@Configuration
@EnableCaching
public class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {
@Resource
private LettuceConnectionFactory lettuceConnectionFactory;
/**
* RedisTemplate配置
*
* @param lettuceConnectionFactory
* @return
*/
@Bean
public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory lettuceConnectionFactory) {
// 设置序列化
Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer<Object>(Object.class);
ObjectMapper om = new ObjectMapper();
om.setVisibility(PropertyAccessor.ALL, JsonAutoDetect.Visibility.ANY);
om.enableDefaultTyping(ObjectMapper.DefaultTyping.NON_FINAL);
jackson2JsonRedisSerializer.setObjectMapper(om);
// 配置redisTemplate
RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<String, Object>();
redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(lettuceConnectionFactory);
RedisSerializer<?> stringSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();
redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(stringSerializer);// key序列化
redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);// value序列化
redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(stringSerializer);// Hash key序列化
redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer);// Hash value序列化
redisTemplate.afterPropertiesSet();
return redisTemplate;
}
/**
* 缓存配置管理器
*
* @param factory
* @return
*/
@Bean
public CacheManager cacheManager(LettuceConnectionFactory factory) {
// 配置序列化（缓存默认有效期 6小时）
RedisCacheConfiguration config = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig().entryTtl(Duration.ofHours(6));
RedisCacheConfiguration redisCacheConfiguration = config.serializeKeysWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()))
.serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer()));
/* 自定义配置test:demo 的超时时间为 5分钟*/
RedisCacheManager cacheManager = RedisCacheManager.builder(RedisCacheWriter.lockingRedisCacheWriter(factory)).cacheDefaults(redisCacheConfiguration)
.withInitialCacheConfigurations(singletonMap(CacheConstant.TEST_DEMO_CACHE, RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig().entryTtl(Duration.ofMinutes(5)).disableCachingNullValues()))
.transactionAware().build();
return cacheManager;
}
}
2、缓存工具类
@Component
public class RedisUtils {
@Autowired
private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
/**
* 指定缓存失效时间
*
* @param key 键
* @param time 时间(秒)
* @return
*/
public boolean expire(String key, long time) {
try {
if (time > 0) {
redisTemplate.expire(key, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 根据key 获取过期时间
*
* @param key 键 不能为null
* @return 时间(秒) 返回0代表为永久有效
*/
public long getExpire(String key) {
return redisTemplate.getExpire(key, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
/**
* 判断key是否存在
*
* @param key 键
* @return true 存在 false不存在
*/
public boolean hasKey(String key) {
try {
return redisTemplate.hasKey(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 删除缓存
*
* @param key 可以传一个值 或多个
*/
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public void del(String... key) {
if (key != null && key.length > 0) {
if (key.length == 1) {
redisTemplate.delete(key[0]);
} else {
redisTemplate.delete(CollectionUtils.arrayToList(key));
}
}
}
// ============================String=============================
/**
* 普通缓存获取
*
* @param key 键
* @return 值
*/
public Object get(String key) {
return key == null ? null : redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
}
/**
* 普通缓存放入
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @return true成功 false失败
*/
public boolean set(String key, Object value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 普通缓存放入并设置时间
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @param time 时间(秒) time要大于0 如果time小于等于0 将设置无限期
* @return true成功 false 失败
*/
public boolean set(String key, Object value, long time) {
try {
if (time > 0) {
redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, value, time, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
} else {
set(key, value);
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 递增
*
* @param key 键
* @param by 要增加几(大于0)
* @return
*/
public long incr(String key, long delta) {
if (delta < 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("递增因子必须大于0");
}
return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, delta);
}
/**
* 递减
*
* @param key 键
* @param by 要减少几(小于0)
* @return
*/
public long decr(String key, long delta) {
if (delta < 0) {
throw new RuntimeException("递减因子必须大于0");
}
return redisTemplate.opsForValue().increment(key, -delta);
}
// ================================Map=================================
/**
* HashGet
*
* @param key 键 不能为null
* @param item 项 不能为null
* @return 值
*/
public Object hget(String key, String item) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().get(key, item);
}
/**
* 获取hashKey对应的所有键值
*
* @param key 键
* @return 对应的多个键值
*/
public Map<Object, Object> hmget(String key) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().entries(key);
}
/**
* HashSet
*
* @param key 键
* @param map 对应多个键值
* @return true 成功 false 失败
*/
public boolean hmset(String key, Map<String, Object> map) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, map);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* HashSet 并设置时间
*
* @param key 键
* @param map 对应多个键值
* @param time 时间(秒)
* @return true成功 false失败
*/
public boolean hmset(String key, Map<String, Object> map, long time) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().putAll(key, map);
if (time > 0) {
expire(key, time);
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 向一张hash表中放入数据,如果不存在将创建
*
* @param key 键
* @param item 项
* @param value 值
* @return true 成功 false失败
*/
public boolean hset(String key, String item, Object value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, item, value);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 向一张hash表中放入数据,如果不存在将创建
*
* @param key 键
* @param item 项
* @param value 值
* @param time 时间(秒) 注意:如果已存在的hash表有时间,这里将会替换原有的时间
* @return true 成功 false失败
*/
public boolean hset(String key, String item, Object value, long time) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().put(key, item, value);
if (time > 0) {
expire(key, time);
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 删除hash表中的值
*
* @param key 键 不能为null
* @param item 项 可以使多个 不能为null
*/
public void hdel(String key, Object... item) {
redisTemplate.opsForHash().delete(key, item);
}
/**
* 判断hash表中是否有该项的值
*
* @param key 键 不能为null
* @param item 项 不能为null
* @return true 存在 false不存在
*/
public boolean hHasKey(String key, String item) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().hasKey(key, item);
}
/**
* hash递增 如果不存在,就会创建一个 并把新增后的值返回
*
* @param key 键
* @param item 项
* @param by 要增加几(大于0)
* @return
*/
public double hincr(String key, String item, double by) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(key, item, by);
}
/**
* hash递减
*
* @param key 键
* @param item 项
* @param by 要减少记(小于0)
* @return
*/
public double hdecr(String key, String item, double by) {
return redisTemplate.opsForHash().increment(key, item, -by);
}
// ============================set=============================
/**
* 根据key获取Set中的所有值
*
* @param key 键
* @return
*/
public Set<Object> sGet(String key) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().members(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 根据value从一个set中查询,是否存在
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @return true 存在 false不存在
*/
public boolean sHasKey(String key, Object value) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().isMember(key, value);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 将数据放入set缓存
*
* @param key 键
* @param values 值 可以是多个
* @return 成功个数
*/
public long sSet(String key, Object... values) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().add(key, values);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
/**
* 将set数据放入缓存
*
* @param key 键
* @param time 时间(秒)
* @param values 值 可以是多个
* @return 成功个数
*/
public long sSetAndTime(String key, long time, Object... values) {
try {
Long count = redisTemplate.opsForSet().add(key, values);
if (time > 0) {
expire(key, time);
}
return count;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
/**
* 获取set缓存的长度
*
* @param key 键
* @return
*/
public long sGetSetSize(String key) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForSet().size(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
/**
* 移除值为value的
*
* @param key 键
* @param values 值 可以是多个
* @return 移除的个数
*/
public long setRemove(String key, Object... values) {
try {
Long count = redisTemplate.opsForSet().remove(key, values);
return count;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
// ===============================list=================================
/**
* 获取list缓存的内容
*
* @param key 键
* @param start 开始
* @param end 结束 0 到 -1代表所有值
* @return
*/
public List<Object> lGet(String key, long start, long end) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForList().range(key, start, end);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 获取list缓存的长度
*
* @param key 键
* @return
*/
public long lGetListSize(String key) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForList().size(key);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
/**
* 通过索引 获取list中的值
*
* @param key 键
* @param index 索引 index>=0时， 0 表头，1 第二个元素，依次类推；index<0时，-1，表尾，-2倒数第二个元素，依次类推
* @return
*/
public Object lGetIndex(String key, long index) {
try {
return redisTemplate.opsForList().index(key, index);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 将list放入缓存
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @param time 时间(秒)
* @return
*/
public boolean lSet(String key, Object value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPush(key, value);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 将list放入缓存
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @param time 时间(秒)
* @return
*/
public boolean lSet(String key, Object value, long time) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPush(key, value);
if (time > 0) {
expire(key, time);
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 将list放入缓存
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @param time 时间(秒)
* @return
*/
public boolean lSet(String key, List<Object> value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPushAll(key, value);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 将list放入缓存
*
* @param key 键
* @param value 值
* @param time 时间(秒)
* @return
*/
public boolean lSet(String key, List<Object> value, long time) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().rightPushAll(key, value);
if (time > 0) {
expire(key, time);
}
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 根据索引修改list中的某条数据
*
* @param key 键
* @param index 索引
* @param value 值
* @return
*/
public boolean lUpdateIndex(String key, long index, Object value) {
try {
redisTemplate.opsForList().set(key, index, value);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}
}
/**
* 移除N个值为value
*
* @param key 键
* @param count 移除多少个
* @param value 值
* @return 移除的个数
*/
public long lRemove(String key, long count, Object value) {
try {
Long remove = redisTemplate.opsForList().remove(key, count, value);
return remove;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return 0;
}
}
}
3、缓存常量
public interface CacheConstant {
/**
* 字典信息缓存
*/
public static final String SYS_DICT_CACHE = "sys:cache:dict";
/**
* 表字典信息缓存
*/
public static final String SYS_DICT_TABLE_CACHE = "sys:cache:dictTable";
/**
* 数据权限配置缓存
*/
public static final String SYS_DATA_PERMISSIONS_CACHE = "sys:cache:permission:datarules";
/**
* 缓存用户信息
*/
public static final String SYS_USERS_CACHE = "sys:cache:user";
/**
* 全部部门信息缓存
*/
public static final String SYS_DEPARTS_CACHE = "sys:cache:depart:alldata";
/**
* 全部部门ids缓存
*/
public static final String SYS_DEPART_IDS_CACHE = "sys:cache:depart:allids";
/**
* 测试缓存key
*/
public static final String TEST_DEMO_CACHE = "test:demo";
/**
* 字典信息缓存
*/
public static final String SYS_DYNAMICDB_CACHE = "sys:cache:dbconnect:dynamic:";
}
5、redis配置信息
spring:
redis:
database: 0
host: 106.54.11.77
lettuce:
pool:
max-active: 8
max-idle: 8
max-wait: -1ms
min-idle: 0
shutdown-timeout: 3000ms
password: ''
port: 6379
6、先定义注解@EnableCacheService
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.METHOD)
public @interface EnableCacheService {
/**
* key前缀
*/
String keyPrefix();
/**
* key主体，spel表示，例：#id（取形参中id的值）
*/
String fieldKey();
/**
* 过期时间
*/
int expireTime() default 3600;
TimeUnit timeUnit() default TimeUnit.SECONDS;
CacheOperation cacheOperation();
/**
* 缓存操作类型
*/
enum CacheOperation {
QUERY, // 查询
UPDATE, // 修改
DELETE; // 删除
}
}
7、切面处理类
@Aspect
@Component
@Slf4j
public class CacheServiceAspect {
@Autowired
@Lazy
private RedisUtils redisUtils;
@Pointcut("@annotation(com.example.demo.cache.EnableCacheService)")
public void dealCacheServiceCut() {}
@Around(value = "dealCacheServiceCut()")
@SuppressWarnings("all")
public Object dealCacheService(ProceedingJoinPoint point) throws Throwable {
try {
Method method = getMethod(point);
// 获取注解对象
EnableCacheService cacheServiceAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(EnableCacheService.class);
//所有参数
Object[] args = point.getArgs();
String fieldKey = parseKey(cacheServiceAnnotation.fieldKey(), method, args);
if (StrUtil.isEmpty(fieldKey)) {
return point.proceed();
}
String cacheKey = cacheServiceAnnotation.keyPrefix() + fieldKey;
log.info("{} enable cache service,cacheKey:{}", point.getSignature(), cacheKey);
EnableCacheService.CacheOperation cacheOperation = cacheServiceAnnotation.cacheOperation();
if (cacheOperation == EnableCacheService.CacheOperation.QUERY) {
return processQuery(point, cacheServiceAnnotation, cacheKey);
}
if (cacheOperation == EnableCacheService.CacheOperation.UPDATE || cacheOperation == EnableCacheService.CacheOperation.DELETE) {
return processUpdateAndDelete(point, cacheKey);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("dealCacheService error,JoinPoint:{}", point.getSignature(), e);
}
return point.proceed();
}
/**
* 查询处理
*/
private Object processQuery(ProceedingJoinPoint point, EnableCacheService cacheServiceAnnotation, String cacheKey)
throws Throwable {
if (redisUtils.hasKey(cacheKey)) {
log.info("{} enable cache service,has cacheKey:{} , return", point.getSignature(), cacheKey);
return redisUtils.get(cacheKey);
} else {
Object result = null;
try {
return result = point.proceed();
} finally {
redisUtils.set(cacheKey, result, cacheServiceAnnotation.expireTime());
log.info("after {} proceed,save result to cache,redisKey:{},save content:{}", point.getSignature(), cacheKey, result);
}
}
}
/**
* 删除和修改处理
*/
private Object processUpdateAndDelete(ProceedingJoinPoint point, String cacheKey)
throws Throwable {
//通常来讲,数据库update操作后,只需删除掉原来在缓存中的数据,下次查询时就会刷新
try {
return point.proceed();
} finally {
redisUtils.del(cacheKey);
}
}
private Method getMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint) throws Exception {
MethodSignature methodSignature = (MethodSignature) joinPoint.getSignature();
Method method = methodSignature.getMethod();
return method;
}
/**
* 获取redis的key
*/
private String parseKey(String fieldKey, Method method, Object[] args) {
//获取被拦截方法参数名列表(使用Spring支持类库)
LocalVariableTableParameterNameDiscoverer u = new LocalVariableTableParameterNameDiscoverer();
String[] paraNameArr = u.getParameterNames(method);
//使用SPEL进行key的解析
ExpressionParser parser = new SpelExpressionParser();
//SPEL上下文
StandardEvaluationContext context = new StandardEvaluationContext();
//把方法参数放入SPEL上下文中
for (int i = 0; i < paraNameArr.length; i++) {
context.setVariable(paraNameArr[i], args[i]);
}
String key= parser.parseExpression(fieldKey).getValue(context, String.class);
return key;
}
}
8、Demo
@Service
@Slf4j
public class TestCacheService {
@EnableCacheService(keyPrefix= CacheConstant.SYS_USERS_CACHE, fieldKey="#id",cacheOperation= EnableCacheService.CacheOperation.QUERY)
public Map doQuery(String id) {
Map map=new HashMap();
map.put("test","query");
return map;
}
@EnableCacheService(keyPrefix= CacheConstant.SYS_USERS_CACHE, fieldKey="#id",cacheOperation= EnableCacheService.CacheOperation.DELETE)
public void doDelete(String id) {
log.info("----------this's execute delete");
}
@EnableCacheService(keyPrefix= CacheConstant.SYS_USERS_CACHE, fieldKey="#id",cacheOperation= EnableCacheService.CacheOperation.UPDATE)
public Map doUpdate(String id) {
Map map=new HashMap();
map.put("test","update");
return map;
}
}
9、测试结果
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = {RedisApplicationDemo.class})
@Slf4j
public class RedisTest {
@Autowired
@Lazy
private RedisUtils redisUtils;
@Autowired
private TestCacheService testCacheService;
@Test
public void contextLoads() {
Map tmp=testCacheService.doQuery("test_id");
log.info("--------doQuery-------"+tmp.toString());
testCacheService.doDelete("test_id");
tmp=testCacheService.doUpdate("test_id");
log.info("--------doUpdate-------"+tmp.toString());
}
}
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