Executors类提供了4种不同的线程池：newCachedThreadPool、newFixedThreadPool、 newScheduledThreadPool和newSingleThreadExecutor，它们都是直接或间接通过ThreadPoolExecutor实现的。
*ThreadPoolExecutor:
// Public constructors and methods
/**
* Creates a new {@code ThreadPoolExecutor} with the given initial
* parameters and default thread factory and rejected execution handler.
* It may be more convenient to use one of the {@link Executors} factory
* methods instead of this general purpose constructor.
*
* @param corePoolSize the number of threads to keep in the pool, even
* if they are idle, unless {@code allowCoreThreadTimeOut} is set
* @param maximumPoolSize the maximum number of threads to allow in the
* pool
* @param keepAliveTime when the number of threads is greater than
* the core, this is the maximum time that excess idle threads
* will wait for new tasks before terminating.
* @param unit the time unit for the {@code keepAliveTime} argument
* @param workQueue the queue to use for holding tasks before they are
* executed. This queue will hold only the {@code Runnable}
* tasks submitted by the {@code execute} method.
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if one of the following holds:<br>
* {@code corePoolSize < 0}<br>
* {@code keepAliveTime < 0}<br>
* {@code maximumPoolSize <= 0}<br>
* {@code maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize}
* @throws NullPointerException if {@code workQueue} is null
*/
public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
int maximumPoolSize,
long keepAliveTime,
TimeUnit unit,
BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue)
ThreadPoolExecutor的构造方法有以下几个重要参数：
corePoolSize：核心线程数。核心线程会在线程池中一直存活，即时它们处于闲置状态，例外情况是allowCoreThreadTimeOut被设置为true。
maximumPoolSize：最大线程数。
keepAliveTime：线程闲置时的超时时长，超时后线程会被回收。
unit：keepAliveTime的时间单位。
workQueue：存放等待执行的任务的阻塞队列。
队列与线程池按照以下规则进行交互：
如果运行的线程数小于核心线程数（corePoolSize），则首选添加新线程而不排队。如果运行的线程数等于或者大于核心线程数（corePoolSize），则首选将请求加入队列而不添加新线程。如果请求无法加入队列，则创建新线程；如果这将导致超出最大线程数（maximumPoolSize），则任务将被拒绝执行。
*Executors:
/**
* Creates a thread pool that reuses a fixed number of threads
* operating off a shared unbounded queue. At any point, at most
* {@code nThreads} threads will be active processing tasks.
* If additional tasks are submitted when all threads are active,
* they will wait in the queue until a thread is available.
* If any thread terminates due to a failure during execution
* prior to shutdown, a new one will take its place if needed to
* execute subsequent tasks. The threads in the pool will exist
* until it is explicitly {@link ExecutorService#shutdown shutdown}.
*
* @param nThreads the number of threads in the pool
* @return the newly created thread pool
* @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code nThreads <= 0}
*/
public static ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads) {
return new ThreadPoolExecutor(nThreads, nThreads,
0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>());
}
可以看到FixedThreadPool只有固定数量的核心线程，任务队列是基于链表的无界阻塞队列。当所有线程都在运行时，新任务都会放到任务队列中等待。
默认情况下，Glide的网络请求是在EngineJob中的sourceExecutor中执行的，而这个sourceExecutor是通过GlideExecutor的newSourceExecutor方法实例化的。
*GlideExecutor:
/**
* Returns a new fixed thread pool with the default thread count returned from
* {@link #calculateBestThreadCount()}, the {@link #DEFAULT_SOURCE_EXECUTOR_NAME} thread name
* prefix, and the
* {@link com.bumptech.glide.load.engine.executor.GlideExecutor.UncaughtThrowableStrategy#DEFAULT}
* uncaught throwable strategy.
*
* <p>Source executors allow network operations on their threads.
*/
public static GlideExecutor newSourceExecutor() {
return newSourceExecutor(calculateBestThreadCount(), DEFAULT_SOURCE_EXECUTOR_NAME,
UncaughtThrowableStrategy.DEFAULT);
}
/**
* Returns a new fixed thread pool with the given thread count, thread name prefix,
* and {@link com.bumptech.glide.load.engine.executor.GlideExecutor.UncaughtThrowableStrategy}.
*
* <p>Source executors allow network operations on their threads.
*
* @param threadCount The number of threads.
* @param name The prefix for each thread name.
* @param uncaughtThrowableStrategy The {@link
* com.bumptech.glide.load.engine.executor.GlideExecutor.UncaughtThrowableStrategy} to use to
* handle uncaught exceptions.
*/
public static GlideExecutor newSourceExecutor(int threadCount, String name,
UncaughtThrowableStrategy uncaughtThrowableStrategy) {
return new GlideExecutor(threadCount, name, uncaughtThrowableStrategy,
false /*preventNetworkOperations*/, false /*executeSynchronously*/);
}
// Visible for testing.
GlideExecutor(int poolSize, String name,
UncaughtThrowableStrategy uncaughtThrowableStrategy, boolean preventNetworkOperations,
boolean executeSynchronously) {
this(
poolSize /* corePoolSize */,
poolSize /* maximumPoolSize */,
0 /* keepAliveTimeInMs */,
name,
uncaughtThrowableStrategy,
preventNetworkOperations,
executeSynchronously);
}
GlideExecutor(int corePoolSize, int maximumPoolSize, long keepAliveTimeInMs, String name,
UncaughtThrowableStrategy uncaughtThrowableStrategy, boolean preventNetworkOperations,
boolean executeSynchronously) {
this(
corePoolSize,
maximumPoolSize,
keepAliveTimeInMs,
name,
uncaughtThrowableStrategy,
preventNetworkOperations,
executeSynchronously,
new PriorityBlockingQueue<Runnable>());
}
GlideExecutor(int corePoolSize, int maximumPoolSize, long keepAliveTimeInMs, String name,
UncaughtThrowableStrategy uncaughtThrowableStrategy, boolean preventNetworkOperations,
boolean executeSynchronously, BlockingQueue<Runnable> queue) {
super(
corePoolSize,
maximumPoolSize,
keepAliveTimeInMs,
TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
queue,
new DefaultThreadFactory(name, uncaughtThrowableStrategy, preventNetworkOperations));
this.executeSynchronously = executeSynchronously;
}
/**
* Determines the number of cores available on the device.
*
* <p>{@link Runtime#availableProcessors()} returns the number of awake cores, which may not
* be the number of available cores depending on the device's current state. See
* http://goo.gl/8H670N.
*/
public static int calculateBestThreadCount() {
// We override the current ThreadPolicy to allow disk reads.
// This shouldn't actually do disk-IO and accesses a device file.
// See: https://github.com/bumptech/glide/issues/1170
ThreadPolicy originalPolicy = StrictMode.allowThreadDiskReads();
File[] cpus = null;
try {
File cpuInfo = new File(CPU_LOCATION);
final Pattern cpuNamePattern = Pattern.compile(CPU_NAME_REGEX);
cpus = cpuInfo.listFiles(new FilenameFilter() {
@Override
public boolean accept(File file, String s) {
return cpuNamePattern.matcher(s).matches();
}
});
} catch (Throwable t) {
if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.ERROR)) {
Log.e(TAG, "Failed to calculate accurate cpu count", t);
}
} finally {
StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(originalPolicy);
}
int cpuCount = cpus != null ? cpus.length : 0;
int availableProcessors = Math.max(1, Runtime.getRuntime().availableProcessors());
return Math.min(MAXIMUM_AUTOMATIC_THREAD_COUNT, Math.max(availableProcessors, cpuCount));
}
GlideExecutor的newSourceExecutor与Executors的newFixedThreadPool类似，都是固定大小的线程池，不过任务队列不同。线程池大小为calculateBestThreadCount，该值为设备可用核心数但最大不超过4。任务队列为PriorityBlockingQueue，一种基于优先级的无界阻塞队列，插入元素需要实现Comparable接口的compareTo方法来提供排序依据。
*DecodeJob:
@Override
public int compareTo(DecodeJob<?> other) {
int result = getPriority() - other.getPriority();
if (result == 0) {
result = order - other.order;
}
return result;
}
Glide的Runnable实现类是DecodeJob，它的compareTo方法的逻辑是：优先级（共IMMEDIATE／HIGH／NORMAL／LOW四种，依次降低，默认为NORMAL）高的优先，若优先级相同则顺序在前的优先（先进先出）。
*RequestBuilder:
/**
* Set the target the resource will be loaded into.
*
* @param target The target to load the resource into.
* @return The given target.
* @see RequestManager#clear(Target)
*/
public <Y extends Target<TranscodeType>> Y into(@NonNull Y target) {
Util.assertMainThread();
Preconditions.checkNotNull(target);
if (!isModelSet) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("You must call #load() before calling #into()");
}
Request previous = target.getRequest();
if (previous != null) {
requestManager.clear(target);
}
requestOptions.lock();
Request request = buildRequest(target);
target.setRequest(request);
requestManager.track(target, request);
return target;
}
*HttpUrlFetcher:
@Override
public void loadData(Priority priority, DataCallback<? super InputStream> callback) {
long startTime = LogTime.getLogTime();
final InputStream result;
try {
result = loadDataWithRedirects(glideUrl.toURL(), 0 /*redirects*/, null /*lastUrl*/,
glideUrl.getHeaders());
} catch (IOException e) {
if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.DEBUG)) {
Log.d(TAG, "Failed to load data for url", e);
}
callback.onLoadFailed(e);
return;
}
if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE)) {
Log.v(TAG, "Finished http url fetcher fetch in " + LogTime.getElapsedMillis(startTime)
+ " ms and loaded " + result);
}
callback.onDataReady(result);
}
private InputStream loadDataWithRedirects(URL url, int redirects, URL lastUrl,
Map<String, String> headers) throws IOException {
if (redirects >= MAXIMUM_REDIRECTS) {
throw new HttpException("Too many (> " + MAXIMUM_REDIRECTS + ") redirects!");
} else {
// Comparing the URLs using .equals performs additional network I/O and is generally broken.
// See http://michaelscharf.blogspot.com/2006/11/javaneturlequals-and-hashcode-make.html.
try {
if (lastUrl != null && url.toURI().equals(lastUrl.toURI())) {
throw new HttpException("In re-direct loop");
}
} catch (URISyntaxException e) {
// Do nothing, this is best effort.
}
}
urlConnection = connectionFactory.build(url);
for (Map.Entry<String, String> headerEntry : headers.entrySet()) {
urlConnection.addRequestProperty(headerEntry.getKey(), headerEntry.getValue());
}
urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(timeout);
urlConnection.setReadTimeout(timeout);
urlConnection.setUseCaches(false);
urlConnection.setDoInput(true);
// Stop the urlConnection instance of HttpUrlConnection from following redirects so that
// redirects will be handled by recursive calls to this method, loadDataWithRedirects.
urlConnection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);
// Connect explicitly to avoid errors in decoders if connection fails.
urlConnection.connect();
if (isCancelled) {
return null;
}
final int statusCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode();
if (statusCode / 100 == 2) {
return getStreamForSuccessfulRequest(urlConnection);
} else if (statusCode / 100 == 3) {
String redirectUrlString = urlConnection.getHeaderField("Location");
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(redirectUrlString)) {
throw new HttpException("Received empty or null redirect url");
}
URL redirectUrl = new URL(url, redirectUrlString);
return loadDataWithRedirects(redirectUrl, redirects + 1, url, headers);
} else if (statusCode == -1) {
throw new HttpException(statusCode);
} else {
throw new HttpException(urlConnection.getResponseMessage(), statusCode);
}
}
@Override
public void cancel() {
// TODO: we should consider disconnecting the url connection here, but we can't do so
// directly because cancel is often called on the main thread.
isCancelled = true;
}
Glide将加载请求和Target(ImageView)关联，开始某个ImageView的加载请求前会先将该ImageView关联的请求清除。此时在线程池中的关联的DecodeJob，正在进行的网络请求不会被中断，在等待队列里的也不会被直接从线程池移除，而是移除回调并设置取消标志位，让未开始的后续加载步骤的逻辑不会被执行。
当列表（ListView/RecyclerView）快速滚动时，同时执行的网络请求数量不会超过设备可用核心数，其余请求会放到队列中等待执行。虽然队列长度可能会一下增加到几十，但随着列表复用View，队列中的大部分请求都会被取消掉，之后执行时不会发起网络请求，并迅速让位于等待中的请求。也就是说，快速滚动过程的中间很多个列表项的请求都会被略过。这样的机制保证了不会过度消耗资源导致滑动卡顿。
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