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每日一词 57 | antidote

每日一词 57 | antidote

作者: 小小_d574 | 来源:发表于2018-12-04 19:43 被阅读0次

    1. 这是个什么词?

    词:antidote /'æntɪdot/

    英英释义:something that helps to improve the effects of something bad or negative

    2. 为什么选这个词?

    “antidote”的本意是“解毒药”,常被引申为表示“缓解作用”“有效手段”,和我们中文里的“一剂良药”完美对应。如果在写作中恰当使用 antidote,可以显示不凡的词汇水平。

    我们常说的“何以解忧,唯有杜康”,说的是很多人认为只有酒才能消除忧虑。这时就可以用英文说:

    Some people believe that alcohol can offer a quick antidote to depression.

    米歇尔•奥巴马在回忆录 Becoming 中用到了 3 次 antidote,其中一处写到祖父(外号“Southside”)非常喜欢音乐时,她说:

    Music seemed to be an antidote to his worries, a way to relax and crowd them out. When Southside had a payday for his carpentry work, he’d sometimes splurge and buy himself a new album.

    “Music seemed to be an antidote to his worries”说的就是音乐可以解忧,缓解压力。我们可以根据这个意思用 antidote 造句,比如说音乐的功效时就可以说:

    It seems that music serves as a powerful antidote to worries.

    Music provides the perfect antidote to loneliness and boredom.

    经典工作效率提升指南 Getting Things Done 中,开篇也出现了 antidote:

    This is the vaccination against day-to-day firefighting and an antidote for the imbalance many people bring upon themselves.

    vaccination 是“疫苗”,在这里表示“预防措施”,antidote 是“解药”,在这里表示“矫正方法”。当我们想表示一个工具、方法的有效性时,就可以用到 vaccination 和 antidote 这类词汇。句子中的 firefighting 和 imbalance 写出了上班族的狼狈,vaccination 和 antidote 和它们一一对应,相比“a good way/method”这样的表达,它们更生动、灵活和恰当,建议直接把这段话背下来。

    3. 怎样学会使用这个词?

    1)搭配:

    [搭配]ADJ. effective有效的解毒药

    natural 天然的解毒药

    [搭配]VERB + ANTIDOTE,如administer, give

    eg:The doctor administered an antidote.医生用了一种解毒药。

    [搭配]PREP.~ for

    针对…的解毒药;治疗…的药:Quinine is a natural antidote for this fever.奎宁是治疗这种热病的天然药。

    ~ to

    对…的解毒剂:We do not have an effective antidote to this poison.我们没有针对这种毒的有效解毒剂。2.■thing that takes away the effects of sth unpleasant缓解之物

    [搭配]ADJ. 如effective, good, perfect, powerful

    有效的/ 好的/ 绝好的/ 高效的矫正方法

    [搭配]VERB + ANTIDOTE,如act as, serve as

    表示作为…的矫正方法;用作…的矫正方法如:offer, provide

    发挥缓解作用:The resort offers the perfect antidote to the pressures of modern life.这个旅游胜地是缓解现代生活压力的好地方。

    [搭配]PREP.~ for

    消除…的方法/ 良药:

    I think that stricter punishment is the best antidote for crime.我认为更严厉的惩罚是打击犯罪的最佳方法。

    ~ to

    消除…的手段:Creative activity serves as an effective antidote to depression.创作活动是消除抑郁的有效手段。

    2)翻译下面的句子:

    健身是缓解压力的有效方法。

    我的翻译:Fitness is an effective antidote to relieving stress.

    (参考翻译:Working out is a powerful antidote to anxiety. 或者 Regular exercise serves as a potent antidote to alleviate anxiety.)

    3)造句:

    Hard work is the best antidote to cranky thinking.

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