第八章提到的“Mine-is better”错误和第九章提到的立场错误，是面对问题时存在的思维错误，第十章提到的”程序错误“是我们在解决问题的过程中存在的思维错误。
每日五词
1. foetus
[N-COUNT 可数名词] 胎儿；Afoetusis an animal or human being in its later stages of development before it is born.
2. prod
[VERB 动词] 提醒；促使；督促；If youprodsomeoneintodoing something, you remind or persuade them to do it.
The report should prod the Government into spending more on the Health Service...
这份报告将督促政府加大在卫生服务方面的支出。
3.susceptible
likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing
易受影响的; 易受伤害的：
patients with liver disease may besusceptible toinfection.
肝病病人易受感染。
4.phoney
/ˈfəʊnɪ/
（亦作phony） informal 〈非正式〉
adjective
(phonier,phoniest) not genuine; fraudulent
虚假的, 伪造的; 欺诈性的, 诈骗的：
I thought your accent was a bit phoney.
我认为你的腔调有点假。
5.belligerent
/bəˈlɪdʒərənt/
adjective
hostile and aggressive
敌对的, 好战的：
the mood at the meeting was belligerent.
会场笼罩着好战的气氛。
Summary
Chapter 9
In chapter 9 we examined errors of perspective, which will shape the attitude and habits of evaluating issues.They also create bias expectations. The worst is that we may not be aware of their existence.
As the author says, the chapter is designed to help us evaluate our patterns of thought and root outperspective errors obstructing our critical thinking.
There are seven specific errors: poverty of aspect, unwarranted assumptions, the either/or outlook, mind- less conformity, absolutism, relativism, and bias for or against change.
Chapter 10 Errors of Procedure
In chapter 10 we examined the kinds of errors occurring in the process of addressing specific issues: biased consideration of evidence, double standard, hasty conclusion, overgeneralization and stereotyping, oversimplification, and the post hoc fallacy.
感悟
第九章提到一个盲从错误。作为个体我们总是希望被他人接受，所以会遵从某些规则、章程、甚至是潜规则，这有助于我们融入团队，被接纳。但是，遵从不是盲从，但是盲从有时候是潜意识的东西，在不知不中，失去自我。
电影《死亡诗社》是我非常喜欢的一部电影，其中有一个片段是关于个体和遵从的，值得思考。
Keating把学生们带到操场上，告诉他们什么个体，什么是遵从。
每个学生单独走路的时候，步伐有明显的个人特征，或快或慢，或者散漫或者，然而当学生们一起在操场上走路时，不知不觉中，他们的步伐节奏变得非常一致。这时候，Keating教授让他们停下来，问学生们是否注意到开始的时候每个人都有自己的步伐步调，但是当面对他人是，试图保持自己的步调是非常困难的。不知不觉中我们被同化了。
“If you’ll notice, everyone started off with their own stride, their own pace,” We all crave acceptance, but despite “the difficulty of maintaining your own beliefs in the face of others,” we must resist conformity. He quotes Robert Frost: “Two roads diverged in a wood, and I— / I took the one less traveled by, / And that has made all the difference.”
网友评论