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Android-Lifecycle超能解析-生命周期的那些事儿

Android-Lifecycle超能解析-生命周期的那些事儿

作者: XBaron | 来源:发表于2018-09-14 23:32 被阅读4次

    众所周知,Android凡是需要展示给用户看的,都包含着生命周期这个概念,例如Activity、Fragment、View等都与生命周期息息相关,在生命周期函数里,它们各自完成创建、渲染、销毁等工作。

    但是一旦我们往某个生命周期函数中,加入我们自己的逻辑,若是处理不当,就有可能破坏其原有的生命周期,造成内存泄漏甚至应用崩溃等问题。

    Android官方似乎也注意到了这一点,因此在Google IO 2018大会上,推出了Android Jetpack开发工具包,其中就包含了一个非常重要的生命周期组件,即本篇的主角-Lifecycle

    本文篇幅较长,请大家耐心阅读。

    • Lifecycle是什么?

    Lifecycle是一个生命周期感知组件,一般用来响应Activity、Fragment等组件的生命周期变化,并将变化通知到已注册的观察者。有助于更好地组织代码,让代码逻辑符合生命周期规范,减少内存泄漏,增强稳定性。

    Lifecycle已经纳入新版本的AppCompatActivity和Fragment中了,并且Lifecycle还是Android Jetpack中其他两个组件LiveData和ViewModel的基础,意味着这个库可能将持续伴随着我们后续的开发,因此有什么理由不学习一番呢?

    按照国际规范,我们先讲使用,后解析源码。

    一、使用

    1.添加依赖:

    在app或者module目录下的build.gradle中,添加依赖:

    dependencies {
        ......
        implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:runtime:1.1.1"
        implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:extensions:1.1.1"
        // 如果你使用java8开发,可以添加这个依赖,里面只有一个类
        implementation "android.arch.lifecycle:common-java8:1.1.1"
    }
    

    2.实现LifecycleObserver接口

    public class Java7Observer implements LifecycleObserver {
        private static final String TAG = Java7Observer.class.getSimpleName();
    
        @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_CREATE)
        public void onCreate() { Log.d(TAG, "onCreate"); }
    
        @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START)
        public void onStart() { Log.d(TAG, "onStart"); }
    
        @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_RESUME)
        public void onResume() { Log.d(TAG, "onResume"); }
    
        @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_PAUSE)
        public void onPause() { Log.d(TAG, "onPause"); }
    
        @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP)
        public void onStop() { Log.d(TAG, "onStop"); }
    
        @OnLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_DESTROY)
        public void onDestroy() { Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy"); }
    }
    

    首先,我们需要实现LifecycleObserver这个接口,然后在我们的方法上加上@OnLifecycleEvent注解,注解值表示该方法对应生命周期的哪个函数,这里我们把所有生命周期函数都加上了,并简单地打印了一句Log。

    我想有人会问,为什么这个class要命名Java7Observer ? 没错,因为Java8中,官方推荐用另外一种方式:

    public class Java8Observer implements DefaultLifecycleObserver {
        private static final String TAG = Java8Observer.class.getSimpleName();
    
        @Override
        public void onCreate(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner) { Log.d(TAG, "onCreate"); }
    
        @Override
        public void onStart(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner) { Log.d(TAG, "onStart"); }
    
        @Override
        public void onResume(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner) { Log.d(TAG, "onResume"); }
    
        @Override
        public void onPause(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner) { Log.d(TAG, "onPause"); }
    
        @Override
        public void onStop(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner) { Log.d(TAG, "onStop"); }
    
        @Override
        public void onDestroy(@NonNull LifecycleOwner owner) { Log.d(TAG, "onDestroy"); }
    }
    

    理由很简单,Lifecycle源码中有一段注释:

    /* .....
     * </pre>
     * If you use <b>Java 7 Language</b>, Lifecycle events are observed using annotations.
     * Once Java 8 Language becomes mainstream on Android, annotations will be deprecated, so between
     * {@link DefaultLifecycleObserver} and annotations,
     * you must always prefer {@code DefaultLifecycleObserver}.
     * <pre>
     * ......
     */
    

    翻译一下就是:“如果你丫的用的是java7,那你就用注解呗,但是我告诉你,一旦java8上位了,你那些注解就过时了,我劝你最好用DefaultLifecycleObserver”

    3.将LifecycleObserver添加到Lifecycle的观察者列表

    如果你使用新版本的AppcompatActivity(>26.1.0),可以这么写:

    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            // 直接调用getLifecycle(),添加Observer
            getLifecycle().addObserver(new Java7Observer());
            getLifecycle().addObserver(new Java8Observer());
        }
    }
    

    如果你的AppCompatActivity没有更新到最新,那么你需要自实现LifecycleOwner接口,并在Activity生命周期函数中分发事件

    public class MainActivity extends Activity implements LifecycleOwner {
        private LifecycleRegistry mLifecycleRegistry;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            mLifecycleRegistry = new LifecycleRegistry(this);
            mLifecycleRegistry.handleLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_CREATE);
            mLifecycleRegistry.addObserver(new TestObserver());
        }
    
        @NonNull
        @Override
        public Lifecycle getLifecycle() {
            return mLifecycleRegistry;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onStart() {
            super.onStart();
            mLifecycleRegistry.handleLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onResume() {
            super.onResume();
            mLifecycleRegistry.handleLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_RESUME);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onPause() {
            mLifecycleRegistry.handleLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_PAUSE);
            super.onPause();
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onStop() {
            mLifecycleRegistry.handleLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_STOP);
            super.onStop();
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onDestroy() {
            mLifecycleRegistry.handleLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_DESTROY);
            super.onDestroy();
        }
    }
    

    ok,完事儿了,咱们跑起来看一哈,已经成功和生命周期关联上了。

    能举个熟悉点的例子吗?

    MVP想必大家都用过,或者听说过,View层通过Presenter层和Model层进行通信,因此Presenter层如果做了什么超出View生命周期的事,又没有及时释放内存,就会造成内存泄漏。

    所以,原来的Presenter,为了响应生命周期,我们可能会这么写:

    先定义所有的生命周期函数

    public class MainPresenter {
        public void onCreate() { }
        public void onStart() { }
        public void onResume() { }
        public void onPause() { }
        public void onStop() { }
        public void onDestroy() { }
    }
    

    然后再与Activity生命周期一一绑定,如果有多个类似的需要响应生命周期的类,Activity的生命周期函数就会变得非常臃肿

    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
        private MainPresenter mPresenter;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            mPresenter = new MainPresenter();
            mPresenter.onCreate();
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onResume() {
            super.onResume();
            mPresenter.onCreate();
            // VideoPlayer.onResume();
            // ...
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onStart() {
            super.onStart();
            mPresenter.onStart();
            // VideoPlayer.onStart();
            // ...
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onPause() {
            super.onPause();
            mPresenter.onPause();
            // VideoPlayer.onPause();
            // ...
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onStop() {
            super.onStop();
            mPresenter.onStop();
            // VideoPlayer.onStop();
            // ...
        }
    
        @Override
        protected void onDestroy() {
            super.onDestroy();
            mPresenter.onDestroy();
            // VideoPlayer.onDestroy();
            // ...
        }
    }
    

    因此,Lifecycle就是为了解决这个痛点,将生命周期的响应分发到各个观察者中去,我们只需要在Activity中调用一行代码:

    getLifecycle().addObserver(mPresenter);
    

    代码量蹭蹭就下来了。诸如音视频播放、图片加载,这些吃内存大户,都应该响应生命周期,及时释放内存,否则很可能就会造成OOM。

    二、知其然,还得知其所以然

    在项目中引入一个库,却不懂是怎么实现的,是一件非常危险的行为,因此我们不仅要学会怎么用,还得知道其中的原理。

    先看一张官方的图:

    lifecycle-states

    可以看到两个很显眼的单词:StateEvent,这也是贯穿整个Lifecycle的两个概念:状态和事件。

    Lifecycle将Activity的生命周期函数对应成State,生命周期改变,会造成State改变,而State变化将触发Event事件,从而被LifecycleObser接收。

    • State:状态,是Lifecycle中对应Activity生命周期的一种状态标识,从图中可以看到,它有INITIALIZED、DESTROYED、CREATED、STARTED、RESUMED这5中状态。

      • INITIALIZED:对应Activity的onCreate之前的生命周期
      • DESTROYED:对应Activity的onDestroy
      • CREATED:对应Activity的onCreate到onStop之间的生命周期
      • STARTED:对应Activity的onStart到onPause之间的生命周期
      • RESUMED:对应Activity的onResume
    • Event:事件,当State发生变化时,Lifecycle会向已注册的LifecycleObserver发送事件,例如:当State从INITIALIZED变化到CREATED时,就会发出ON_CREATE事件。

    因此,弄懂Lifecycle,其实也就是需要弄懂两件事:

    1. State是如何与Activity/Fragment的生命周期绑定的?
    2. Event事件是如何分发到LifecycleObserver的?

    ok,带着这两个问题,我们开始看源码:

    1.从AppCompatActivity的getLifecycle()开始

    直接ctrl+左键跟进源码,由于AppCompatActivity继承自SupportActivity,我们发现,AppCompatActivity.getLifecycle(),最终定位在了SupportActivity.getLifecycle()方法中

    public class SupportActivity extends Activity implements LifecycleOwner {
        ......
    
        private LifecycleRegistry mLifecycleRegistry = new LifecycleRegistry(this);
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            ReportFragment.injectIfNeededIn(this);
        }
    
        @Override
        public Lifecycle getLifecycle() {
            return mLifecycleRegistry;
        }
    
        ......
    }
    

    不难看到:

    1. 最终getLifecycle()返回的是一个LifecycleRegistry 对象,所以所有对LifecycleObserver的操作都是由LifecycleRegistry 完成的
    2. 在onCreate()方法中,我们还看到了一个ReportFragment.injectIfNeededIn(this),先做个标记,后面再说

    2.LifecycleRegistry

    字面意思:生命周期登记处

    这个类是Lifecycle中最重要的一个类,它是Lifecycle的子类,起着添加观察者,响应生命周期事件,分发生命周期事件的作用

    public class LifecycleRegistry extends Lifecycle {
        // LifecycleObserver Map,每一个Observer都有一个State
        private FastSafeIterableMap<LifecycleObserver, ObserverWithState> mObserverMap = new FastSafeIterableMap<>();
        // 当前的状态
        private State mState;
        // 生命周期拥有者,上述的SupportActivity继承了LifecycleOwner
        private final WeakReference<LifecycleOwner> mLifecycleOwner;
    
        public LifecycleRegistry(@NonNull LifecycleOwner provider) {
            mLifecycleOwner = new WeakReference<>(provider);
            mState = INITIALIZED;
        }
    
        /**
        * 添加LifecycleObserver观察者,并将之前的状态分发给这个Observer,例如我们在onResume之后注册这个Observer,
        * 该Observer依然能收到ON_CREATE事件
        */
        public void addObserver(@NonNull LifecycleObserver observer) {
            State initialState = mState == DESTROYED ? DESTROYED : INITIALIZED;
            ObserverWithState statefulObserver = new ObserverWithState(observer, initialState);
            ObserverWithState previous = mObserverMap.putIfAbsent(observer, statefulObserver);
            ......
            // 例如:Observer初始状态是INITIALIZED,当前状态是RESUMED,需要将INITIALIZED到RESUMED之间的
            // 所有事件分发给Observer
            // 
            while ((statefulObserver.mState.compareTo(targetState) < 0
                    && mObserverMap.contains(observer))) {
                pushParentState(statefulObserver.mState);
                statefulObserver.dispatchEvent(lifecycleOwner, upEvent(statefulObserver.mState));
                popParentState();
                targetState = calculateTargetState(observer);
            }
            ......
        }
    
        /**
         * 处理生命周期事件
         */
        public void handleLifecycleEvent(@NonNull Lifecycle.Event event) {
            State next = getStateAfter(event);
            moveToState(next);
        }
    
        /**
         * 改变状态
         */
        private void moveToState(State next) {
            if (mState == next) {
                return;
            }
            mState = next;
            ......
            sync();
            ......
        }
    
        /**
         * 同步Observer状态,并分发事件
         */
        private void sync() {
            LifecycleOwner lfecycleOwner = mLifecycleOwner.get();
            if (lifecycleOwner == null) {
                Log.w(LOG_TAG, "LifecycleOwner is garbage collected, you shouldn't try dispatch "
                        + "new events from it.");
                return;
            }
            while (!isSynced()) {
                mNewEventOccurred = false;
                // State中,状态值是从DESTROYED-INITIALIZED-CREATED-STARTED-RESUMED增大
                // 如果当前状态值 < Observer状态值,需要通知Observer减小状态值,直到等于当前状态值
                if (mState.compareTo(mObserverMap.eldest().getValue().mState) < 0) {
                    backwardPass(lifecycleOwner);
                }
                Entry<LifecycleObserver, ObserverWithState> newest = mObserverMap.newest();
                // 如果当前状态值 > Observer状态值,需要通知Observer增大状态值,直到等于当前状态值
                if (!mNewEventOccurred && newest != null
                        && mState.compareTo(newest.getValue().mState) > 0) {
                    forwardPass(lifecycleOwner);
                }
            }
            mNewEventOccurred = false;
        }
    
        /**
         * 向前传递事件,对应图中的INITIALIZED -> RESUMED
         * 增加Observer的状态值,直到状态值等于当前状态值
         */
        private void forwardPass(LifecycleOwner lifecycleOwner) {
            Iterator<Entry<LifecycleObserver, ObserverWithState>> ascendingIterator =
                    mObserverMap.iteratorWithAdditions();
            while (ascendingIterator.hasNext() && !mNewEventOccurred) {
                Entry<LifecycleObserver, ObserverWithState> entry = ascendingIterator.next();
                ObserverWithState observer = entry.getValue();
                while ((observer.mState.compareTo(mState) < 0 && !mNewEventOccurred
                        && mObserverMap.contains(entry.getKey()))) {
                    pushParentState(observer.mState);
                    // 分发状态改变事件
                    observer.dispatchEvent(lifecycleOwner, upEvent(observer.mState));
                    popParentState();
                }
            }
        }
    
        /**
         * 向后传递事件,对应图中的RESUMED -> DESTROYED
         * 减小Observer的状态值,直到状态值等于当前状态值
         */
        private void backwardPass(LifecycleOwner lifecycleOwner) {
            Iterator<Entry<LifecycleObserver, ObserverWithState>> descendingIterator =
                    mObserverMap.descendingIterator();
            while (descendingIterator.hasNext() && !mNewEventOccurred) {
                Entry<LifecycleObserver, ObserverWithState> entry = descendingIterator.next();
                ObserverWithState observer = entry.getValue();
                while ((observer.mState.compareTo(mState) > 0 && !mNewEventOccurred
                        && mObserverMap.contains(entry.getKey()))) {
                    Event event = downEvent(observer.mState);
                    // 分发状态改变事件
                    pushParentState(getStateAfter(event));
                    observer.dispatchEvent(lifecycleOwner, event);
                    popParentState();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    

    我们再看看新版AppCompatActivity是如何将事件分发给LifecycleRegistry的,还记得SupportActivity中有这么一段逻辑吗:

    public class SupportActivity extends Activity implements LifecycleOwner {
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            ReportFragment.injectIfNeededIn(this);
        }
    }
    

    我们看看ReportFragment是什么

    3.ReportFragment

    public class ReportFragment extends Fragment {
    
        public static void injectIfNeededIn(Activity activity) {
            android.app.FragmentManager manager = activity.getFragmentManager();
            if (manager.findFragmentByTag(REPORT_FRAGMENT_TAG) == null) {
                manager.beginTransaction().add(new ReportFragment(), REPORT_FRAGMENT_TAG).commit();
                manager.executePendingTransactions();
            }
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onStart() {
            super.onStart();
            dispatchStart(mProcessListener);
            dispatch(Lifecycle.Event.ON_START);
        }
    
        // ...... 其他生命周期也是同样调用了dispatch(Lifecycle.Event.xxx)分发事件
    
        @Override
        public void onPause() {
            super.onPause();
            dispatch(Lifecycle.Event.ON_PAUSE);
        }
    
        private void dispatch(Lifecycle.Event event) {
            Activity activity = getActivity();
            if (activity instanceof LifecycleRegistryOwner) {
                ((LifecycleRegistryOwner) activity).getLifecycle().handleLifecycleEvent(event);
                return;
            }
    
            if (activity instanceof LifecycleOwner) {
                Lifecycle lifecycle = ((LifecycleOwner) activity).getLifecycle();
                if (lifecycle instanceof LifecycleRegistry) {
                    ((LifecycleRegistry) lifecycle).handleLifecycleEvent(event);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    

    可以看到,SupportActivity添加了一个没有页面的ReportFragment,在ReportFragment的生命周期函数中,调用了LifecycleRegistry.handleLifecycleEvent()方法来分发生命周期事件。用一张图总结一下就是:

    AppCompatActivity中添加了一个ReportFragment,其生命周期变化时,调用LifecycleRegistry.handleLifecycleEvent()方法通知LifecycleRegistry改变状态,LifecycleRegistry内部调用moveToState()改变状态,并调用每个LifecycleObserver.onStateChange()方法通知生命周期变化。

    • 为什么不直接在SupportActivity的生命周期函数中给Lifecycle分发生命周期事件,而是要加一个Fragment呢?

    因为不是所有的页面都继承AppCompatActivity,为了兼容非AppCompatActivity,所以封装一个同样具有生命周期的Fragment来给Lifecycle分发生命周期事件。

    • 那我们不继承新版本AppCompatActivity时,Lifecycle是如何通过ReportFragment来分发生命周期事件的呢?

    这里我们直接使用AndroidStudio强大的搜索功能,alt+F7搜索ReportFragment的调用者,我们发现:除了SupportActivity以外,还有两个地方使用到了ReportFragment:LifecycleDispatcherProcessLifecycleOwner

    4.LifecycleDispatcher

    字面意思:生命周期分发者

    class LifecycleDispatcher {
        static void init(Context context) {
            ((Application) context.getApplicationContext())
                .registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(new DispatcherActivityCallback());
        }
    
        /**
         * 给所有子Fragment设置State
         */
        private static void markState(FragmentManager manager, State state) {
            Collection<Fragment> fragments = manager.getFragments();
            if (fragments == null) {
                return;
            }
            for (Fragment fragment : fragments) {
                if (fragment == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                markStateIn(fragment, state);
                if (fragment.isAdded()) {
                    markState(fragment.getChildFragmentManager(), state);
                }
            }
        }
    
        private static void markStateIn(Object object, State state) {
            if (object instanceof LifecycleRegistryOwner) {
                LifecycleRegistry registry = ((LifecycleRegistryOwner) object).getLifecycle();
                registry.markState(state);
            }
        }
    
        // 通过注册Application.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks来获取Activity的生命周期回调
        static class DispatcherActivityCallback extends EmptyActivityLifecycleCallbacks {
                @Override
                public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                    if (activity instanceof FragmentActivity) {
                        ((FragmentActivity) activity).getSupportFragmentManager()
                                .registerFragmentLifecycleCallbacks(mFragmentCallback, true);
                    }
                    // 给每个Activity添加ReportFragment
                    ReportFragment.injectIfNeededIn(activity);
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
                    if (activity instanceof FragmentActivity) {
                        markState((FragmentActivity) activity, CREATED);
                    }
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onActivitySaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState) {
                    if (activity instanceof FragmentActivity) {
                        markState((FragmentActivity) activity, CREATED);
                    }
                }
            }
    }
    

    可以看到LifecycleDispatcher是通过注册Application.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks来监听Activity的生命周期回调的。

    • 在onActivityCreated()中添加ReportFragment,将Activity的生命周期交给ReportFragment去分发给LifecycleRegistry
    • 在onActivityStopped()以及onActivitySaveInstanceState()中,将Activity及其所有子Fragment的State置为CREATED

    5.ProcessLifecycleOwner

    字面意思:线程生命周期拥有者

    public class ProcessLifecycleOwner implements LifecycleOwner {
        public static LifecycleOwner get() { return sInstance; }
    
        static void init(Context context) {
            sInstance.attach(context);
        }
    
        void activityResumed() {
            mResumedCounter++;
            if (mResumedCounter == 1) {
                if (mPauseSent) {
                    mRegistry.handleLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_RESUME);
                    mPauseSent = false;
                } else {
                    mHandler.removeCallbacks(mDelayedPauseRunnable);
                }
            }
        }
    
        void activityPaused() {
            mResumedCounter--;
            if (mResumedCounter == 0) {
                mHandler.postDelayed(mDelayedPauseRunnable, TIMEOUT_MS);
            }
        }
    
        private ActivityInitializationListener mInitializationListener = new ActivityInitializationListener() {
            @Override
            public void onCreate() {}
    
            @Override
            public void onStart() {
                activityStarted();
            }
    
            @Override
            public void onResume() {
                activityResumed();
            }
        };
    
        void attach(Context context) {
            mHandler = new Handler();
            mRegistry.handleLifecycleEvent(Lifecycle.Event.ON_CREATE);
            Application app = (Application) context.getApplicationContext();
            app.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(new EmptyActivityLifecycleCallbacks() {
                @Override
                public void onActivityCreated(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
                    ReportFragment.get(activity).setProcessListener(mInitializationListener);
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onActivityPaused(Activity activity) {
                    activityPaused();
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onActivityStopped(Activity activity) {
                    activityStopped();
                }
            });
        }
    }
    

    根据官方注释,我们可以了解到:

    • ProcessLifecycleOwner是用来监听Application生命周期的,因此它只会分发一次ON_CREATE事件,并且不会分发ON_DESTROY事件。
    • ProcessLifecycleOwner在Activity的onResume和onStop方法中都采用了Handle.postDelayed()方法,是为了处理Activity重建时比如横竖屏幕切换时,不会发送事件。
    • ProcessLifecycleOwner一般用来判断应用是在前台还是后台。但由于使用了Handle.postDelayed(),因此这个判断不是即时的,有默认700ms的延迟。
    • ProcessLifecycleOwner与LifecycleDispatcher一样,都是通过注册Application.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks来监听Activity的生命周期回调,来给每个Activity添加ReportFragment的。
    那么问题又来了,ProcessLifecycleOwner和LifecycleDispatcher两个类是在哪里初始化呢?

    从源码中我们看到,他们的入口都是init(Context),继续搜索源码,我们发现:

    public class ProcessLifecycleOwnerInitializer extends ContentProvider {
        @Override
        public boolean onCreate() {
            LifecycleDispatcher.init(getContext());
            ProcessLifecycleOwner.init(getContext());
            return true;
        }
        // ......
    }
    
    
    AndroidManifest.xml
    <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
      ......
      <provider
        android:name="android.arch.lifecycle.ProcessLifecycleOwnerInitializer"
        android:authorities="me.baron.achitecturelearning.lifecycle-trojan"
        android:exported="false"
        android:multiprocess="true" />
    </manifest>
    

    了然,Lifecycle自动在我们的AndroidManifest.xml中添加了一个ContentProvider,用于初始化ProcessLifecycleOwnerLifecycleDispatcher,这么做的好处是,不需要我们在Application中显示调用,不需要我们写一行代码。

    总结

    回到我们最初的两个问题:

    • State是如何与Activity/Fragment的生命周期绑定的?

    在Activity中添加一个ReportFragment(如果你的Activity继承AppCompatActivity,会在父类的onCreate()中添加ReportFragment,否则由LifecycleDispatcher添加),在ReportFragment生命周期函数中调用LifecycleRegistry.handleLifecycleEvent()方法改变State

    • Event事件是如何分发到LifecycleObserver的?

    LifecycleRegistry在收到handleLifecycleEvent()后,内部调用moveToState()方法,改变State值,每一次State值改变,都会调用LifecycleObserver.onStateChanged()方法将Event分发到LifecycleObserver


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        本文标题:Android-Lifecycle超能解析-生命周期的那些事儿

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