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Spring中使用JDBC Template访问数据库

Spring中使用JDBC Template访问数据库

作者: zxianwei | 来源:发表于2019-07-17 20:58 被阅读0次

    简介

    • 为了简化持久化操作,Spring在JDBC API之上提供了JDBC Template组件。
    • JDBC Template提供统一的模板方法,在保留代码灵活性的基础上,尽量减少持久化代码。

    创建项目


    创建maven项目,完整的项目结构是这样的


    image

    在pom文件中添加项目所需要的依赖

        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>4.12</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
                <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
                <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
                <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
                <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
                <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
    
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
                <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
            </dependency>
              <dependency>
                <groupId>mysql</groupId>
                <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
                <version>5.1.6</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    

    在applicationContext.xml文件中添加以下配置:

    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
           xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
           xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
        <bean id="basicDataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
            <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
            <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf-8"/>
            <property name="username" value="root"/>
            <property name="password" value="zxw12345"/>
        </bean>
        <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
            <property name="dataSource" ref="basicDataSource"/>
        </bean>
    </beans>
    
    • 创建数据库
        private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
        private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
    
        {
            applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
            jdbcTemplate = (JdbcTemplate) applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate");
        }
    
        /**
         * 创建数据库
         */
        @Test
        public void execute() {
            String sql = "CREATE TABLE teacher(id SMALLINT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY ,name VARCHAR (20),sex VARCHAR (20))";
            jdbcTemplate.execute(sql);
        }
    

    可以打开终端验证有没有创建成功


    image

    增删改

    • update:对数据进行增删改操作
    • batchUpdate:批量增删改操作

    添加数据

        /**
         * 添加数据  一条数据
         */
        @Test
        public void testUpdte() {
            String sql = "INSERT INTO teacher(name,sex) VALUES (?,?)";
            jdbcTemplate.update(sql, new Object[]{"大小桥未久", "女"});
        }
    
        /**
         * 添加数据 数组方式
         */
        @Test
        public void batchUpdate() {
            String[] sql = {
                    "INSERT INTO teacher (name,sex) VALUES ('武藤兰姐姐','女')",
                    "INSERT INTO teacher (name,sex) VALUES ('苍井空妹妹','女')",
            };
            jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql);
        }
    
        /**
         * 添加数据 集合方式
         */
        @Test
        public void batchUpdateArrayList() {
            String sql = "INSERT INTO teacher(name,sex) VALUES (?,?)";
            List<Object[]> list = new ArrayList<>();
            list.add(new Object[]{"波少野结衣", "女"});
            list.add(new Object[]{"菜虚鲲", "不祥"});
            jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql, list);
        }
    

    打开终端查看一下有没有添加成功可以使用查询方法进项验证

    查询

    • queryForObject简单查询获取一个
    • queryForList简单查询获取多个
    • queryForMap查询复杂对象(封装为Map),查询一个
    • queryForList查询复杂对象(封装为Map),查询多个
        /**
         * 简单查询
         */
        @Test
        public void queryListMap() {
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM teacher";
            List<Map<String, Object>> stringObjectMap = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql);
            System.out.println(stringObjectMap);
        }
    
    ZLw4FP.png

    修改数据

        /**
         * 修改内容
         */
        @Test
        public void updateName() {
            String sql = "UPDATE teacher SET sex = ? WHERE name = ?";
            jdbcTemplate.update(sql, "男女", "菜虚鲲");
        }
    
    

    删除数据

        /**
         * 修改内容
         */
        @Test
        public void updateDelete() {
            String sql = "DELETE FROM teacher WHERE name  = ? ";
            jdbcTemplate.update(sql, "菜虚鲲");
        }
    

    查询简单数据

        /**
         * 简单查询 查询数据长度
         */
        @Test
        public void querySize() {
            String sql = "SELECT COUNT (*) FROM teacher";
            int strings = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Integer.class);
            System.out.println(strings);
        }
    
        /**
         * 简单查询 根据性别查询
         */
        @Test
        public void queryList() {
            String sql = "SELECT name FROM teacher WHERE sex=?";
            List<String> strings = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql, String.class, "女");
            System.out.println(strings);
        }
    
        /**
         * 简单查询
         */
        @Test
        public void queryListMap() {
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM teacher";
            List<Map<String, Object>> stringObjectMap = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql);
            System.out.println(stringObjectMap);
        }
    
        /**
         * 简单查询 map接收 长度为1
         */
        @Test
        public void queryMap() {
            String sql = "SELECT * FEOM teacher WHERE id = ? ";
            Map<String, Object> stringObjectMap = jdbcTemplate.queryForMap(sql, "1");
            System.out.println(stringObjectMap);
        }
    
    

    查询复杂数据

    package com.zxw.spring.entity;
    //新建实体类
    public class Student {
        private String id;
        private String name;
        private String sex;
    
        public String getId() {
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(String id) {
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    
        public void setName(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    
        public String getSex() {
            return sex;
        }
    
        public void setSex(String sex) {
            this.sex = sex;
        }
    
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return "Student{" +
                    "id='" + id + '\'' +
                    ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                    ", sex='" + sex + '\'' +
                    '}';
        }
    }
    
    
           /**
         * 创建RowMapper
         */
        private class StudentRowMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {
    
            @Override
            public Student mapRow(ResultSet resultSet, int i) throws SQLException {
                Student student = new Student();
                student.setId(resultSet.getString("id"));
                student.setName(resultSet.getString("name"));
                student.setSex(resultSet.getString("sex"));
                return student;
            }
        }
    
    
    
        /**
         * 查询复杂对象  获取一个
         */
        @Test
        public void queryRowMapper() {
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM student WHERE id = ?";
            Student student = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, new StudentRowMapper(), "10");
            System.out.println(student);
        }
    
        /**
         * 查询复杂对象 获取多个
         */
        @Test
        public void queryRowMapperAll() {
            String sql = "SELECT * FROM STUDENT";
            List<Student> query = jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new StudentRowMapper());
            System.out.println(query);
        }
    
    

    以上就是Jdbc Template的增删改查。

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