In particular, AI can be better at jobs that demand intuitions about other people. Many lines of work – such as driving a vehicle in a street full of pedestrians, lending money to strangers, and negotiating a business deal –require the ability to correctly assess the emotions and desires of other people. Is that kid about to jump onto the road? Does the man in the suit intend to take my money and disappear? Will that lawyer act on his threats, or is he just bluffing? As long as it was thought that such emotions and desires were generated by an immaterial spirit, it seemed obvious that computers will never be able to replace human drivers, bankers and lawyers. For how can a computer understand the divinely created human spirit? Yet if these emotions and desires are in fact no more than biochemical algorithms, there is no reason why computers cannot decipher these algorithms – and do so far better than any Homo sapien.
特别是,在需要判断他人直觉的工作中,人工智能会比人类表现得更为出色。在很多工作中都需要正确评估他人的情绪和愿望,如在满是行人的街道上驾驶汽车,给陌生人借钱,进行商务谈判。那个孩子会跑到马路上来吗?那位西装革履的男人会卷走我的钱然后消失不见吗?那名律师是在发出威胁,还是只是故意虚张声势?只要这类情绪和愿望是由无形的精神力量所产生的,似乎很明显,计算机将永远无法取代司机、银行家和律师。计算机怎么能理解神造的人类精神呢?然而,如果情绪和愿望实际上只不过是生化算法而已,我们就没有理由怀疑计算机能破解这些算法了——而且它们还会远远胜过人类。
【林俊宏】特别是,如果某些工作需要“关于别人”的直觉,人工智能的表现就会优于人类。许多工作(例如在满是行人的大街上开车、把钱借给陌生人、商务谈判等)都需要准确评估别人的情绪和愿望。那个孩子会不会突然跑到马路中间?这个穿着西装的人是不是打算从我这儿一借到钱就消失?那位律师的威胁是认真的,还是只想吓唬我?只要我们觉得这些情绪和欲望是来自某种非实体的心灵,计算机就永远无法取代人类的司机、银行经理和律师。原因在于:计算机怎么可能理解“心灵”这种神圣的创造物呢?然而,如果这些情绪和欲望实际上只不过是某些生化算法,计算机就没理由无法破解这些算法,而且它们的成绩一定比任何人都要好。
A driver predicting the intentions of a pedestrian, a banker assessing the credibility of a potential borrower, and a lawyer gauging the mood at the negotiation table don’t rely on witchcraft.Rather, unbeknownst to them, their brains are recognizing biochemical patterns by analysing facial expressions, tones of voice, hand movements, and even body odours. An AI equipped with the right sensors could do all that far more accurately and reliably than a human.
司机预测行人的意图、银行家评估潜在借贷人的信用、律师在谈判桌上判断对方的情绪,依靠的不是魔法。然而,它们不知道的是,他们的大脑是通过分析面部表情、音调、手部动作甚至体味从而识别生化规律的。配备了相应传感器的人工智能设备在这些方面要比人类的表现准确可靠得多。
【林俊宏】不管是司机预判行人想往哪里走,银行经理评估借款人信用好坏,还是律师衡量谈判桌上的气氛,依赖的都不是巫术,而是在他们毫无察觉的情况下,大脑就会通过分析面部表情、声调、手部动作甚至体味来识别生化模式。人工智能只要搭配适当的传感器,绝对可以把这些工作做得比人类更精确、更可靠。
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