15.Rheumatic Fever

Student: Professor Smith, how do we define"rheumatic fever"

史密斯教授，我们如何给风湿热下定义呢

Professor: Rheumatic fever is a systemic immune disease that may develop after an infection with streptococcus bacteria

风湿热是一种全身性免疫疾病，感染链球菌后可能会染上风湿热

S：How does it affect the patient? 

对患者有什么影响呢

P：The disease involves the brain, heart, joints and skin

这病会影响大脑，心脏，关节和皮肤

S：In what period of life does it often occur?

什么年龄段容易染这种病呢

P：It may occur in adults and children but is most common in children 5 to 12years old.

在成人和儿童都可能，但是在5～12儿童最为常见

S：What is causes of rheumatic fever

风湿热病因是什么？

P：It caused by recent infections with streptococcus bacteria, such as streptococcus tonsillitis or scarlet fever

由于近期的链球菌引起的，例如链球菌性扁桃体炎和猩红热

S：Does rheumatic fever have anything to do with other diseases?

风湿热还与其他疾病有关吗

P：Yes, it does. It is associated with the development of valve disease and other heart disorders

有关，风湿热常伴有瓣膜疾病和其他心脏疾病

S：What are the symptoms of rheumatic fever?

风湿热有什么症状呢

P：The symptoms of rheumatic fever include fever, joint pain, joint swelling, epistaxis, abdominal pain, vomiting, skin rash, etc.

风湿热的症状包括发热，关节痛，关节肿胀，流鼻血，腹痛，呕吐，皮肤起疹子等等

S：Any other symptoms?

还有其他症状吗

P：Yes.There are also some other symptoms, such as muscle pain, weakness, poor speech, cough, etc.

对，还有肌肉痛，虚弱乏力，少言，咳嗽等

S: What are the criteria for doctor to diagnose the disease?

医生诊断此病的指标是什么？

P：Acute rheumatic fever has 5 major diagnostic criteria.

风湿热有五中主要诊断指标

S：What are they?

哪五中呢

P：These are carditis, migratory polyarthritis, subcutaneous nodules, chorea, erythema marginatum.

心脏炎，移行多发性关节炎，皮下结节，舞蹈病和边缘性红斑。

S：What can be done to prevent it?

有什么办法来预防呢

P：Prompt treatment of strep infections may reduce the risk of development of rheumatic fever

链球菌感染的及时治疗能降低风湿热的发病危险

S：How to treat rheumatic fever?

如何治疗风湿热呢

P：Antibiotics like penicillin or erythromycin are used to fight infection.

青霉素和红霉素类的抗生素都能用于抗感染

S：Can the patient to anything to make it a little less painful?

患者用什么方法能减轻疼痛

P：Medications including aspirin, anti-inflammatory medications and analgesics are used to reduce pain and swelling

阿司匹林，抗炎药物和安乃近可用来止痛和消肿

S：What should the patient focus on in home care?

家庭护理中应该注意什么呢

P：Reduce the physical activities and bed rest may be recommended for a time to allow the body to heal.

减少体力运动，卧床休息一段时间，让身体恢复

S: Has the patient had to drink more water recently?

患者最近需要多喝水吗

P：Fluids are encouraged at least 6 to 8 glasses a day

一天至少喝6～8杯水

S：Anything else you can tell me about rheumatic fever?

关于风湿热你还有什么事情可以告诉我们吗

P： Oh, there is one more thing. The recurrence of rheumatic fever is common. Joint and heart complications may be long-term and severe

啊，还有一件事，风湿热复发很常见，关节和心脏的并发症可能是长期的和严重的