这一部分使用Struts2实现文件的上传与下载。
必须条件:
前台form表单<code>method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"</code>
Struts2在原有的上传解析器继承上做了进一步封装,更进一步简化了文件上传。
Struts2默认使用的是Common-FileUpload的文件上传框架,因此,如果需要使用Struts2的文件上传功能,需要在web应用中导入相应的jar包。
Action需要使用三个属性来封装该文件域的信息:
-
类型为File的xxx属性封装了该文件域对应的文件的文件内容。
-
类型为String的xxxFileName属性封装了该文件域对应的文件的文件名称。
-
类型为String的xxxContentType属性封装了该文件域对应的文件的文件类型。
关键:
struts.xml配置拦截器,设置允许上传类型、文件大小等信息。
上传单个文件
web.xml
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
前台页面:
<h2>Struts2上传</h2>
<s:form action="doUpload.action" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<s:file name="upload" label="File"/>
<s:submit value="上传"/>${strutsResult}
</s:form>
在jsp页面中增加Struts2的标签库。
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>
编写UploadAction
public class UploadAction extends ActionSupport {
//文件内容(要与前台的name属性值一致)
private File upload;
//文件类型
private String uploadContentType;
//文件名称
private String uploadFileName;
//返回消息提示
private String strutsResult;
public File getUpload() {
return upload;
}
public void setUpload(File upload) {
this.upload = upload;
}
public String getUploadContentType() {
return uploadContentType;
}
public void setUploadContentType(String uploadContentType) {
this.uploadContentType = uploadContentType;
}
public String getUploadFileName() {
return uploadFileName;
}
public void setUploadFileName(String uploadFileName) {
this.uploadFileName = uploadFileName;
}
public String getStrutsResult() {
return strutsResult;
}
public void setStrutsResult(String strutsResult) {
this.strutsResult = strutsResult;
}
public String execute() throws IOException {
//获取服务器上传文件存放路径
String path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
File file = new File(path);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.mkdir();
}
FileUtils.copyFile(upload, new File(file, uploadFileName));
strutsResult = "上传成功";
return SUCCESS;
}
}
上面的三个基本属性封装重要的信息。
接下来来配置struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="doUpload" class="com.meng.action.UploadAction">
<result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
<!-- 配置拦截器限制上传文件类型及大小 -->
<interceptor-ref name="fileUpload">
<param name="allowedType">image/bmp,image/x-png,image/gif,image/jpeg</param>
<param name="maximumSize">2M</param>
</interceptor-ref>
<interceptor-ref name="basicStack"></interceptor-ref>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
多文件上传(批量上传)
修改前台页面
<h2>上传多个文件</h2>
<s:form action="doUpload.action" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<s:file name="upload" label="File"/>
<s:file name="upload" label="File"/>
<s:file name="upload" label="File"/>
<s:submit value="上传"/>${strutsResult}
</s:form>
UploadAction
public class UploadAction extends ActionSupport {
// 文件内容
private List<File> upload;
// 文件类型
private List<String> uploadContentType;
// 文件名称
private List<String> uploadFileName;
// 返回消息提示
private String strutsResult;
public List<File> getUpload() {
return upload;
}
public void setUpload(List<File> upload) {
this.upload = upload;
}
public List<String> getUploadContentType() {
return uploadContentType;
}
public void setUploadContentType(List<String> uploadContentType) {
this.uploadContentType = uploadContentType;
}
public List<String> getUploadFileName() {
return uploadFileName;
}
public void setUploadFileName(List<String> uploadFileName) {
this.uploadFileName = uploadFileName;
}
public String getStrutsResult() {
return strutsResult;
}
public void setStrutsResult(String strutsResult) {
this.strutsResult = strutsResult;
}
public String execute() throws IOException {
// 获取服务器上传文件存放路径
String path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
File file = new File(path);
if (!file.exists()) {
file.mkdir();
}
for (int i = 0; i < upload.size(); i++) {
FileUtils.copyFile(upload.get(i), new File(file, uploadFileName.get(i)));
}
strutsResult = "上传成功";
return SUCCESS;
}
}
这样就能成功的完成上传的功能。
文件的下载
通常情况下,我们在下载文件的时候,文件的路径都是股固定的。
所以实现起来也是比较简单的。
在前台给定一个连接
<h2>Struts2下载</h2>
<a href="doDownload.action">下载</a>
然后配置struts.xml,添加如下配置:
<action name="doDownload" class="com.meng.action.download.DownloadAction">
<param name="inputPath">/upload/10.jpg</param>
<result name="success" type="stream">
<param name="contentType">application/octet-stream</param>
<param name="inputName">inputStream</param>
<param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename="10.jpg"</param>
<param name="bufferSize">8192</param>
</result>
</action>
编写DownloadAction
public class DownloadAction extends ActionSupport {
private String inputPath;
public String getInputPath() {
return inputPath;
}
public void setInputPath(String inputPath) {
this.inputPath = inputPath;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
return SUCCESS;
}
public InputStream getInputStream() {
return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream(inputPath);
}
}
当我们点击连接的时候,就会下载我们所给定的文件。
但是这样配置很是不方便,我们可以通过URL来给定所要下载的文件名称。
将上面的代码进行修改:
<a href="doDownload.action?filename=10.jpg">下载</a>
<action name="doDownload" class="com.meng.action.download.DownloadAction">
<result name="success" type="stream">
<param name="contentType">application/octet-stream</param>
<param name="inputName">inputStream</param>
<param name="contentDisposition">attachment;filename="${downloadFileName}"</param>
<param name="bufferSize">8192</param>
</result>
</action>
public class DownloadAction extends ActionSupport {
private String filename;
public String getFilename() {
return filename;
}
public void setFilename(String filename) {
this.filename = filename;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
return SUCCESS;
}
public InputStream getInputStream() throws IOException {
String path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");
String filepath = path + "\\" + filename;
File file = new File(filepath);
return FileUtils.openInputStream(file);
}
public String getDownloadFileName() {
String downloadFileName = "";
try {
// 转换下中文的文件名的的编码
downloadFileName = URLEncoder.encode("文件下载.jpg", "UTF-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return downloadFileName;
}
}
这样配置是不是用起来的时候会方便的多。
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