CentOS和MySQL
- CentOS Linux release 7.8.2003 (Core)
- MySQL 5.7
1.安装MySQL源
# 下载
bash > wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
# 安装 MySQL 源
bash > yum localinstall mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm
2.检查源是否安装成功
bash > yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"
页面输出信息表示源安装成功
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64 MySQL Connectors Community 165
mysql-tools-community/x86_64 MySQL Tools Community 115
mysql57-community/x86_64 MySQL 5.7 Community Server 444
3.使用yum install 命令安装MySQL
bash > yum install -y mysql-community-server
4.启动MySQL服务
在CentOs7 下 启动/关闭/重启服务的命令是 systemctl start|stop|restart
bash > systemctl start mysqld
用systemctl status 命令查看服务运行状态
bash > systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 二 2020-07-28 21:09:44 CST; 57s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 25677 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Process: 25628 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 25681 (mysqld)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─25681 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
7月 28 21:09:38 iZm5ebq5g3dxxmygidjc5cZ systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
7月 28 21:09:44 iZm5ebq5g3dxxmygidjc5cZ systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
这里可看到MySQL 运行的状态 active (running)
5.设置开机启动MySQL 服务
bash > systemctl enable mysqld
# 重载所有修改过的配置文件
bash > systemctl daemon-reload
重启ContOs 服务器测试.（没有问题）
6.查看MySQL默认密码
MySQL 安装完成之后，生成的默认密码在 /var/log/mysqld.log 文件中。使用 grep 命令找到日志中的密码。
bash > grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
查看初始密码
7.首次通过初始密码登录后，使用以下命令修改密码
bash > mysql -u root -p
#输入密码
#执行修改密码语句.
bash > ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Vine@yyy1';
8.添加一个用于远程连接的账号,如Navicat
bash > GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'xianglin'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Xiang@lin!1996' WITH GRANT OPTION;
#Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
9.设置默认编码为 utf8
MySQL 安装后默认不支持中文，需要修改编码。
现在查看编码:
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
修改 /etc/my.cnf 配置文件，在相关节点（没有则自行添加）下添加编码配置，如下：
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
保存之后使用systemctl restart mysqld 查看编码。
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
默认配置文件路径：
配置文件：/etc/my.cnf
日志文件：/var/log/mysqld.log
服务启动脚本：/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
socket文件：/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
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