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【Android兼容性适配】使用PermissionsDispa

【Android兼容性适配】使用PermissionsDispa

作者: 紫豪 | 来源:发表于2018-03-26 16:59 被阅读224次

    PermissionsDispatcher

    PermissionsDispatcher是基于注解来写的库,即在需要的方法上添加对应的注解,然后它会在适当的时候调用被注解过的对应的方法。

    PermissionsDispatcher官方对其解释:
    PermissionsDispatcher provides a simple annotation-based API to handle runtime permissions.
    // PermissionsDispatcher提供了一个简单的基于注解的API来处理运行时权限。
    This library lifts the burden that comes with writing a bunch of check statements whether a permission has been granted or not from you, in order to keep your code clean and safe.
    这个库可以通过编写一堆检查语句来解除这个负担,这些检查语句是为了让代码保持干净和安全,是否授予您的权限。


    1.在项目中引入PermissionsDispatcher

    在app module的build.gradle文件中添加一下内容(${latest.version}更换为最新的版本号):

    dependencies {
      compile("com.github.hotchemi:permissionsdispatcher:${latest.version}") {
          // if you don't use android.app.Fragment you can exclude support for them
          // 如果你不使用andorid.app.Fragment,可以排除对它们的支持。
          exclude module: "support-v13"
      }
      annotationProcessor "com.github.hotchemi:permissionsdispatcher-processor:${latest.version}"
    }
    

    在project的build.gradle中添加如下内容:

    repositories {
      jcenter()
      maven { url 'http://oss.jfrog.org/artifactory/oss-snapshot-local/' }
    }
    

    2.在AndroidManifest.xml文件中配置应用所需要的权限

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    

    3.添加注解(这里以在Activity中的使用为例)

    PermissionsDispatcher introduces only a few annotations, keeping its general API concise:
    // PermissionsDispatcher引入了一些注解,使其API简洁

    NOTE: Annotated methods must not be private.
    // 注意:注解方法不能使私有的。

    PermissionsDispatcher目前支持下面5个注解:

    Annotation(注解) Required(是否必须使用) Description(描述/说明)
    @RuntimePermissions Register an Activity or Fragment(we support both) to handle permissions.
    @NeedsPermission Annotate a method which performs the action that requires one or more permissions.
    @OnShowRationale Annotate a method which explains why the permission/s is/are needed. It passes in a PermissionRequest object which can be used to continue or abort the current permission request upon user input.
    @OnPermissionDenied Annotate a method which is invoked if the user doesn't grant the permissions.
    @OnNeverAskAgain Annotate a method which is invoked if the user chose to have the device "never ask again" about a permission.
    • 添加@RuntimePermissions注解:
      这是必须使用的注解,在想要进行权限申请的Activity或者Fragment上使用:
    // 1.Register an Activity or Fragment(we support both) to handle permissions.
    //   注册一个Activity或Fragment(我们支持两者)来处理权限。[必须的注解]
    @RuntimePermissions
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
    }
    
    • 添加@NeedsPermission注解:
      必须使用的注解,标注在你要获取权限的方法上,括号内传入需要申请的一个或多个权限,在获取到权限后会回调该方法。
    @RuntimePermissions
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        // 2.Annotate a method which performs the action that requires one or more permissions.
        //   注解一个执行需要获取一个或多个权限的操作的方法。[必须的注解]
        @NeedsPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
        void showCamera() {
            Toast.makeText(this, "已获取到相机权限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    
    }
    
    • 添加@OnShowRationale注解:
      非必要注解,注解在用户首次拒绝后,再次获取权限时解释为什么需要获取权限的方法上。
        // 3.Annotate a method which explains why the permission/s is/are needed. It passes in a
        // PermissionRequest object which can be used to continue or abort the current
        // permission request upon user input.
        // 注解一种解释为什么需要权限的方法(注解用户首次拒绝后,再次获取权限时给出提示的方法)。它通过PermissionRequest对象,
        // 该对象可用于在用户输入时继续或中止当前权限请求。[非必须的注释]
        @OnShowRationale(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
        void showRationaleForCamera(final PermissionRequest request) {
            new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                    .setMessage(R.string.permission_camera_rationale)
                    .setPositiveButton("允许", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            request.proceed();
                        }
                    })
                    .setNegativeButton("拒绝", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            request.cancel();
                        }
                    })
                    .show();
        }
    
    • 添加@OnPermissionDenied注解:
      非必要注解,注解一个用户拒绝授权时回调的方法。
        // 4.Annotate a method which is invoked if the user doesn't grant the permissions
        //  注解一个用户拒绝授权时回调的方法。[非必须的注释]
        @OnPermissionDenied(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
        void showDeniedForCamera() {
            Toast.makeText(this, "相机权限许可被拒绝,请考虑给予权限以便进行拍照操作。", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    
    • 添加@OnNeverAskAgain注解:
      非必要注解,注解一个用户选择"不再询问"时进行提示的回调方法。

    注:也可在这里跳转进入到权限设置页。

        // 5.Annotate a method which is invoked if the user chose to have the device "never ask again"
        // about a permission
        // 注解一个用户选择"不再询问"时进行提示的回调方法。[非必须的注释]
        @OnNeverAskAgain(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
        void showNeverAskForCamera() {
            Toast.makeText(this, "相机许可被拒绝,不再进行询问。", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    

    4.将权限管理委托给生成的方法(使用&状态回调)

    • 主动请求获取权限
      在编译过程中,PermissionsDispatcher会根据([Activity Name] + PermissionsDispatcher)的命名规则生成一个类,您可以使用它安全地访问这些受保护的方法。

    注:如MainActivity生成后的类名为MainActivityPermissionsDispatcher

    那么,我们可以通过以下方法去获取相机权限:

        // NOTE: delegate the permission handling to generated method.
        // 注意:将权限处理委托给生成的方法。
        MainActivityPermissionsDispatcher.showCameraWithPermissionCheck(MainActivity.this);
    
    • 在onRequestPermissionsResult中添加回调
        @Override
        public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
            super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
            // NOTE: delegate the permission handling to generated method
            // 注意:将权限处理委托给生成的方法。
            MainActivityPermissionsDispatcher.onRequestPermissionsResult(this, requestCode, grantResults);
        }
    

    MainActivty.java代码

    // 1.Register an Activity or Fragment(we support both) to handle permissions.
    //   注册一个Activity或Fragment(我们支持两者)来处理权限。[必须的注解]
    @RuntimePermissions
    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            findViewById(R.id.main_btn_camera).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    // NOTE: delegate the permission handling to generated method.
                    // 注意:将权限处理委托给生成的方法。
                    MainActivityPermissionsDispatcher.showCameraWithPermissionCheck(MainActivity.this);
                }
            });
        }
    
        // 2.Annotate a method which performs the action that requires one or more permissions.
        //   注解一个执行需要获取一个或多个权限的操作的方法。[必须的注解]
        @NeedsPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
        void showCamera() {
            Toast.makeText(this, "已获取到相机权限", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    
        // 3.Annotate a method which explains why the permission/s is/are needed. It passes in a
        // PermissionRequest object which can be used to continue or abort the current
        // permission request upon user input.
        // 注解一种解释为什么需要权限的方法(注解获取权限时给出提示的方法)。它通过PermissionRequest对象,
        // 该对象可用于在用户输入时继续或中止当前权限请求。[非必须的注释]
        @OnShowRationale(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
        void showRationaleForCamera(final PermissionRequest request) {
            new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                    .setMessage(R.string.permission_camera_rationale)
                    .setPositiveButton("允许", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            request.proceed();
                        }
                    })
                    .setNegativeButton("拒绝" new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            request.cancel();
                        }
                    })
                    .show();
        }
    
        // 4.Annotate a method which is invoked if the user doesn't grant the permissions
        //  注解一个用户拒绝授权时回调的方法。[非必须的注释]
        @OnPermissionDenied(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
        void showDeniedForCamera() {
            Toast.makeText(this, "相机权限许可被拒绝,请考虑给予权限以便进行拍照操作。", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    
        // 5.Annotate a method which is invoked if the user chose to have the device "never ask again"
        // about a permission
        // 注解一个用户选择"不再询问"时进行提示的回调方法。[非必须的注释]
        @OnNeverAskAgain(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
        void showNeverAskForCamera() {
            Toast.makeText(this, "相机许可被拒绝,不再进行询问。", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
            super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
            // NOTE: delegate the permission handling to generated method
            // 注意:将权限处理委托给生成的方法。
            MainActivityPermissionsDispatcher.onRequestPermissionsResult(this, requestCode, grantResults);
        }
    
    }
    

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