很多人讨厌大蒜，认为大蒜代表着低俗，而咖啡代表着高雅，甚至有年轻人认为吃大蒜是一种不文明行为。
但是被誉为西方医学之父希波克拉底曾说：
Let food be thy medicine, and medicine be thy food.让食物成为你的良药，让良药成为你的食物。
他就认为大蒜是无所不能的良药，可以利尿通便，发热御寒！
现代研究发现大蒜确实有很多对我们人体健康有益的作用。
在一定程度上，大蒜可以降血压，这个说法得到了很多科学研究文献的支撑。
比如文献【1】Effects of Allium sativum (garlic) on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension.（大蒜对原发性高血压患者的收缩压和舒张压的影响）
文章明确提到：
In each garlic treated group, significant reduction in SBP and DBP were observed when compared with atenolol and placebo.在每个使用大蒜治疗组中，与使用药物治疗以及安慰剂相比收缩压和舒张压都都有明显的降低效果。
再比如文献【2】：Aged garlic extract lowers blood pressure in patients with treated but uncontrolled hypertension: a randomised controlled trial.（陈蒜提取物降低高血压患者血压：一项随机对照试验）
文中同样提到了：
Our trial suggests that aged garlic extract is superior to placebo in lowering systolic blood pressure similarly to current first line medications in patients with treated but uncontrolled hypertension.我们的研究说明，陈蒜提取物在降低那些治疗高血压但未被控制的患者中有降血压的效果，降血压效果比安慰剂明显，近似于一线降压药物。
除此之外，还有一些文献做过大蒜提取物的降血压试验研究。这些研究都说明了，多吃点大蒜对控制血压是有好处的。
哪怕就是给出不同意见的研究文献【3】：A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis on the Effects of Garlic Preparations on Blood Pressure in Individuals With Hypertension（大蒜制剂对高血压患者血压影响的综述和荟萃分析）
它给出的和之前研究稍有不同的结论，但它依然提到了大蒜的降压效果：
Although evidence from this review suggests that garlic preparations may lower BP in hypertensive individuals, the evidence is not strong.虽然研究显示大蒜制剂在一定程度上可以降低高血压患者的血压，但是证据并不是特别充足。（有待进一步的研究）
另外，有研究文献显示，大蒜可以预防和缓解感冒症状。
比如文献【4】：Preventing the common cold with a garlic supplement: a double-blind, placebo-controlled survey.（大蒜补充剂预防普通感冒：一项双盲安慰剂对照试验）
研究中提到：
Consequently, volunteers in the active group were less likely to get a cold and recovered faster if infected. Volunteers taking placebo were much more likely to get more than one cold over the treatment period. An allicin-containing supplement can prevent attack by the common cold virus.因此，服用大蒜补充剂的试验者更少得感冒，而且感冒以后恢复的更快。而服用安慰剂的试验者在试验期间更容易感冒。大蒜补充剂能够抵抗普通感冒病毒的攻击。
但也有文献【5】：Garlic for the common cold.（大蒜治疗感冒）分析认为大蒜对抗感冒的证据不够充分有力。
There is insufficient clinical trial evidence regarding the effects of garlic in preventing or treating the common cold. A single trial suggested that garlic may prevent occurrences of the common cold but more studies are needed to validate this finding.并没有足够的临床证据能够证明大蒜能够治疗感冒。只有一项单独的试验研究能够证明大蒜能够预防感冒的发生，因此需要更多的证据来支撑这个观点。
另外还有很多科学研究文献证明大蒜有防癌的作用。
比如研究【6】就发现，大蒜摄入量和上消化道癌症的发生率呈中度负相关。再比如研究【7】发现提高大蒜摄入量在一定程度上能够降低胃癌的发病率。以及2013年的研究文献【8】发现，大蒜摄入能够降低前列腺癌的发病率。
大蒜含有多种矿物质和维生素，是一种营养丰富热量极低的一种食物，所以，请消除你对大蒜的偏见，也许大蒜并不低俗。
参考文献：
【1】Ashraf R , Khan R A , Ashraf I , et al. Effects of Allium sativum (Garlic) on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension[J]. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2013, 26(5):859-863.
【2】Ried K , Frank O R , Stocks N P . Aged garlic extract lowers blood pressure in patients with treated but uncontrolled hypertension: a randomised controlled trial.[J]. Maturitas, 2010, 67(2):144-150.
【3】Rohner A , Ried K , Sobenin I A , et al. A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis on the Effects of Garlic Preparations on Blood Pressure in Individuals With Hypertension[J]. American Journal of Hypertension, 2015, 28(3):414-423.
【4】Josling P . Preventing the common cold with a garlic supplement: A double-blind, placebo-controlled survey[J]. 2001, 18(4):189-193.
【5】Lissiman E , Bhasale A L , Cohen M . Garlic for the common cold.[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2008, 3(3):CD006206.
【6】Guercio V , Turati F , La Vecchia C , et al. Allium vegetables and upper aerodigestive tract cancers: a meta-analysis of observational studies[J]. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 2016, 60(1):212-222.
【7】Kodali R T , Eslick G D . Meta-Analysis: Does Garlic Intake Reduce Risk of Gastric Cancer?[J]. Nutrition and Cancer, 2014, 67(1):1-11.
【8】Zhou X F , Ding Z S , Liu N B . Allium Vegetables and Risk of Prostate Cancer: Evidence from 132,192 Subjects[J]. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 2013, 14(7):4131-4134.
文章来自公众号：詹姆斯艾伦。
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