iOS 权限管理

网络权限管理

一、iOS网络情况分类：

1. 通过App应用设置网络使用权限（关闭、WLAN、WLAN与蜂窝移动网）
2. 直接设置手机网络情况（飞行模式、无线局域网络、蜂窝移动网络）

二、iOS开发使用到的网络判断类：

1. AFNetworkReachability或者Reachability来判断网络的可达性，这两个类可以判断网络是否可达，以及可达时网络的类型（WLAN还是蜂窝移动网络）；

2. CTCellularData来判断网络数据是否受限，只有应用网络权限设置为WLAN与蜂窝移动网时，网络数据才会返回不受限；

三、组合关系：

权限	飞行模式／关闭网络	局域网	蜂窝移动网络
关闭	不可达-数据受限	不可达-数据受限	不可达-数据受限
WLAN	不可达-数据受限	WLAN-数据受限	不可达-数据受限
WLAN和蜂窝移动网	不可达-数据受限	WLAN-数据不受限	WLAN-数据不受限

注：关闭网络，及关闭无线局域网和蜂窝移动网络。

四、特殊说明：

1. 第一次安装应用（之前从未安装过），第一次启动App时，会提示选择网络，选择之后就不会提示选择网络；但有时第一次安装时不出现选择网络，需要在设置中修改任意一个应用的网络权限，然后重启App，就会提示网络（目前没有找到不出现选择网络的原因）；

2. 当网络由可达状态切换到不可达状态后，第一进入App时，系统会提示一次网络权限改变的提示；

3. 修改网络权限时，App不会重启，这个地方与相册授权不同。相册、相机、麦克风等修改权限后返回时，App会重新启动。

五、代码：

CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc] init];
cellularData.cellularDataRestrictionDidUpdateNotifier = ^(CTCellularDataRestrictedState state) {
        //获取联网权限状态
        switch (state) {
            case kCTCellularDataRestricted:
                NSLog(@"Restricrted");
                break;
                
            case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:
                NSLog(@"Not Restricted");
                break;
                
                //未知，第一次请求
            case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:
                NSLog(@"Unknown");
                break;
                
            default:
                break;
        };
    };

AFNetworkReachabilityManager *mgr = [AFNetworkReachabilityManager sharedManager];
[mgr setReachabilityStatusChangeBlock:^(AFNetworkReachabilityStatus status) {
        //获取联网可达状态
        switch (status) {
            case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusUnknown:
                NSLog(@"NetworkingTypeUnknown");
                break;
                
            case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusNotReachable:
                NSLog(@"NetworkingTypeNotReachable");
                break;
                
            case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWWAN:
                NSLog(@"NetworkingTypeReachableViaWWAN");
                break;
                
            case AFNetworkReachabilityStatusReachableViaWiFi:
                NSLog(@"NetworkingTypeReachableViaWiFi");
                break;
                
            default:
                NSLog(@"NetworkingTypeUnknown");
                break;
        }

相机和麦克风权限管理

• 判断相机或麦克风权限

   [AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//相机权限 
        if (granted) { 
            NSLog(@"Authorized");
        }else{ 
            NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
        }
    }];
  
    [AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//麦克风权限
        if (granted) {
            NSLog(@"Authorized");
        }else{
            NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
        }
    }];
  

• 查看摄像头或麦克风权限

    AVAuthorizationStatus authStatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];//相机权限
    AVAuthorizationStatus authStatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio];//麦克风权限
  
    switch (authStatus) {
        case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
        {
            //获取权限
            break;
        }  
        case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
        {
            handler(NO);
            break;
        }
        case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied:
        {
            handler(NO);
            break;
        }
        case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
        {
            handler(YES);
            break;
        }
        default:
        {
            handler(NO);
            break;
        }
    }
  

• 麦克风权限另一种方式：

    AVAudioSessionRecordPermission micPermisson = [[AVAudioSession sharedInstance] recordPermission];
    if (micPermisson == AVAudioSessionRecordPermissionUndetermined) {
        [[AVAudioSession sharedInstance] requestRecordPermission:^(BOOL granted) {
            handler(granted);
        }];
    } else if (micPermisson == AVAudioSessionRecordPermissionGranted) {
        handler(YES);
    } else {
        handler(NO);
    }
  

相册权限管理

导入头文件@import Photos （iOS 8.0 以后）

• 判断相册权限：

    PHAuthorizationStatus photoStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus];
    if (photoStatus == PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
        [PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) {
            if (status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
                handler(YES);
            } else {
                handler(NO);
            }
        }];
    } else if (photoStatus == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
        handler(YES);
    } else {
        handler(NO);
    }
  

• 查看相册权限：

    PHAuthorizationStatus photoAuthorStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus];
    switch (photoAuthorStatus) {
        case PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
            NSLog(@"Authorized");
            break;
        case PHAuthorizationStatusDenied:
            NSLog(@"Denied");
            break;
        case PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
            NSLog(@"not Determined");
            break;
        case PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
            NSLog(@"Restricted");
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
  

通讯录

• 判断通讯录权限

    if (IS_OS_9_OR_LATER) {
        CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts];
        if (status == CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
            self.contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init];
            [_contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
                handler(granted);
            }];
        } else if (status == CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
            handler(YES);
        } else {
            handler(NO);
        }
    } else {  //iOS 8 and below
        ABAuthorizationStatus status = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus();
        if (status == kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
            ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(nil, nil); 
            ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error){
                handler(granted);
                CFRelease(addressBook);
            });
        } else if (status == kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
            handler(YES);
        } else {
            handler(NO);
        }
    }
  

日历和提醒权限

• 判断日历或提醒权限

    EKEntityType type = eventType == EventAuthorizedCalendar ? EKEntityTypeEvent : EKEntityTypeReminder;
    EKAuthorizationStatus status = [EKEventStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:type];
    if (status == EKAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
        if (!self.eventStore) {
            self.eventStore = [[EKEventStore alloc] init];
        }
        [self.eventStore requestAccessToEntityType:type completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {
            handler(granted);
        }];
    } else if (status == EKAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
        handler(YES);
    } else {
        handler(NO);
    }
  

定位权限

• 判断定位权限

    -(void)accessLocation:(LocationAuthorizedType)authorizedType handler:(LocationHandler)handlr
    {
        CLAuthorizationStatus status = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];
        if (status == kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined) {
            if (!self.locationManager) {
                self.locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
                self.locationManager.delegate = self;
            }
            self.locationBlock = handlr;
            if (authorizedType == LocationAuthorizedAlways) {
                [self.locationManager requestAlwaysAuthorization];
            } else {
                [self.locationManager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];
            }
        } else if (status == kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways ||    status == kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse){
            handlr(YES, nil);
        } else {
            handlr(NO, nil);
        }
    }
  
    #pragma mark - CLLocationManagerDelegate
    -(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
    {
        _locationBlock(YES, nil);
    }
  
    -(void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateToLocation:(CLLocation *)newLocation fromLocation:(CLLocation *)oldLocation
    {
        _locationBlock(YES, newLocation);
  
        [self.locationManager stopUpdatingLocation];
        self.locationManager.delegate=nil;
        self.locationManager = nil;
    }
  

推送权限

• 设置推送权限：

    UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil];
    [[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:setting];
  

• 查看推送权限：

    UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings];
    switch (settings.types) {
        case UIUserNotificationTypeNone:
            NSLog(@"None");
            break;
        case UIUserNotificationTypeAlert:
            NSLog(@"Alert Notification");
            break;
        case UIUserNotificationTypeBadge:
            NSLog(@"Badge Notification");
            break;
        case UIUserNotificationTypeSound:
            NSLog(@"sound Notification'");
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
  

特殊说明

1. 一般第一次获取权限时，都会获取到一个类似未知或未设置的状态，当获取到这个状态时，再去获取相应的权限。

2. 当重新安装App后，只有网络权限会使用之前的设置，其他权限都会提示用户选择。

待续......