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Android 自定义线程管理器(串行)

Android 自定义线程管理器(串行)

作者: 楊帥 | 来源:发表于2018-05-31 14:03 被阅读93次

    本管理器优点:
    1.单页面来说,handlerThread作为主要管理方式,一个线程复用,对性能影响小
    2.简化代码,一句代码即可开启一个异步任务,一句代码把异步结果传给UI线程
    本管理器缺点:
    1.由于单线程串行处理任务,有阻塞情况会影响其他任务。
    2.每个activity一个管理器(一个线程),当连续开启多个activity的时候,同样对性能影响较大,有OOM风险。

    以前写项目的时候,都是直接new Thread()来创建线程,这样写项目后期非常不利于维护,然后考虑是否能写一个类专门用来管理线程呢?

    首先我们需要创建一个线程:

    private HandlerThread mHandlerThread;
    public void oncreate() {
        this.mHandlerThread = 
             new HandlerThread("activity worker:" + this.getClass().getSimpleName());
        this.mHandlerThread.start();
    }
    

    第二我们线程管理器只是管理线程,不进行具体的逻辑操作,那么就用到了Handler机制:

    先创建一个UiHandler:

    private static class UiHandler extends Handler {
        private  HandlerManager manager;
        public UiHandler(HandlerManager manager) {
            this.manager = manager;
        }
    
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            if(manager  != null) {
                //调用处理业务代码
            }
        }
    }
    

    由于Handler为静态内部类,与外部类并无直接联系,这样处理容易产生内存泄漏,manager对象无法释放,那么就要介入弱引用来处理该代码(也可以用软引用):

    private static class UiHandler extends Handler {
        private  WeakReference<HandlerManager> mActivityReference;
        public UiHandler(HandlerManager manager) {
            this.mActivityReference = new WeakReference(manager);
        }
    
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            //调用处理业务代码
            }
    
        }
    }
    

    同理还有创建一个异步线程BackgroundHandler,需要注意的是创建该Handler需要把新创建的线程looper传递过去:

    private static class BackgroundHandler extends Handler {
        private  WeakReference<HandlerManager> mActivityReference;
        BackgroundHandler(HandlerManager manager, Looper looper) {
            super(looper);
            this.mActivityReference = new WeakReference(manager);
        }
        //发送消息
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            //调用处理业务代码
            }
    
        }
    }
    

    这两个Handler我们需要在线程创建的时候就创建,所以OnCreate方法要这样改:

    public void oncreate() {
        this.mHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("activity worker:" + this.getClass().getSimpleName());
        this.mHandlerThread.start();
        this.mBackgroundHandler 
                = new BackgroundHandler(this, this.mHandlerThread.getLooper());
        this.mUiHandler = new UiHandler(this);
    }
    

    第三我们就要发送消息了,先理清逻辑:

    1.通过消息通知Manager有异步请求。
    2.Manager给BackgroundHandler发消息让他处理异步逻辑。
    3.BackgroundHandler处理异步逻辑,并把处理结果返回给Manager。
    4.Manager拿到处理结果发消息给UiHandler。
    5.责任人(UiHandler)处理最后逻辑。

    1.接收异步请求方法:

    public void sendBackgroundMessage(int what, Object object) {
        Message message = this.obtainBackgroundMessage();
        message.what = what;
        message.obj = object;
        this.sendBackgroundMessage(message);
    }
    public Message obtainBackgroundMessage() 
        return this.mBackgroundHandler.obtainMessage();
    }
    

    2.发消息给BackGroundHandler:

    public void sendBackgroundMessage(Message message) {
        this.mBackgroundHandler.sendMessage(message);
    }
    

    3.BackgroudHandler处理异步逻辑:

     private static class BackgroundHandler extends Handler {
        private  WeakReference<HandlerManager> mActivityReference;
        BackgroundHandler(HandlerManager manager, Looper looper) {
            super(looper);
            this.mActivityReference = new WeakReference(manager);
        }
        //发送消息
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            //如果引用不为空,发送消息
            if(this.mActivityReference.get() != null) {
     ((HandlerManager)this.mActivityReference.get()).handleBackgroundMessage(msg);
            }
        }
    }
    public abstract void handleBackgroundMessage(Message var1);
    

    4.Manager拿到处理结果发消息给UiHandler:

    public void sendUiMessage(int what, Object obj, long delay) {
        Message me = this.obtainUiMessage();
        me.what = what;
        me.obj = obj;
        this.sendUiMessage(me, delay);
    }
    public void sendUiMessage(Message message, long delay) {
        this.mUiHandler.sendMessageDelayed(message, delay);
    }
    

    5.UiHandler处理最后逻辑:

    private static class UiHandler extends Handler {
        private  WeakReference<HandlerManager> mActivityReference;
        public UiHandler(HandlerManager manager) {
            this.mActivityReference = new WeakReference(manager);
        }
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            if(this.mActivityReference.get() != null) {
                ((HandlerManager)this.mActivityReference.get()).handleUiMessage(msg);
            }
        }
    }
    public abstract void handleUiMessage(Message var1);
    

    最后附带完整代码:

    public abstract class HandlerManager {
    private HandlerThread mHandlerThread;//含有Looper的Thread
    private BackgroundHandler mBackgroundHandler;//后台接收消息的handler载体
    private Handler mUiHandler;//主线程接收消息的handler载体
    
    public HandlerManager() {
    }
    //给主线直接发送message对象
    public void sendUiMessage(Message message) {
        this.mUiHandler.sendMessage(message);
    }
    //给主线程发送what和obj,自动组合成message对象
    public void sendUiMessage(int what, Object object) {
        Message message = this.obtainUiMessage();
        message.what = what;
        message.obj = object;
        this.sendUiMessage(message);
    }
    //给主线程发送空消息
    public void sendUiMessage(int what) {
        this.mUiHandler.sendEmptyMessage(what);
    }
    //给主线程发送延迟消息
    public void sendUiMessage(int what, long delay) {
        this.mUiHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(what, delay);
    }
    //给主线程发送what和obj,自动组合成message对象(带延迟)
    public void sendUiMessage(int what, Object obj, long delay) {
        Message me = this.obtainUiMessage();
        me.what = what;
        me.obj = obj;
        this.sendUiMessage(me, delay);
    }
    //给主线直接发送message对象(带延迟)
    public void sendUiMessage(Message message, long delay) {
        this.mUiHandler.sendMessageDelayed(message, delay);
    }
    //给后台线程发送message对象(带延迟)
    public void sendBackgroundMessage(Message message, long delay) {
        this.mBackgroundHandler.sendMessageDelayed(message, delay);
    }
    //给后台线程发送what和obj,自动组合成message对象(带延迟)
    public void sendBackgroundMessage(int what, Object object, long delay) {
        Message me = this.obtainBackgroundMessage();
        me.what = what;
        me.obj = object;
        this.sendBackgroundMessage(me, delay);
    }
    
    public Message obtainUiMessage() {
        return this.mUiHandler.obtainMessage();
    }
    //给后台线程发送message对象
    public void sendBackgroundMessage(Message message) {
        this.mBackgroundHandler.sendMessage(message);
    }
    //给后台线程发送what和obj,自动组合成message对象
    public void sendBackgroundMessage(int what, Object object) {
        Message message = this.obtainBackgroundMessage();
        message.what = what;
        message.obj = object;
        this.sendBackgroundMessage(message);
    }
    //给后台线程发送空消息
    public void sendBackgroundMessage(int what) {
        this.mBackgroundHandler.sendEmptyMessage(what);
    }
    //给主线程发送空消息(带延迟)
    public void sendBackgroundMessage(int what, long delay) {
        this.mBackgroundHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(what, delay);
    }
    
    public Message obtainBackgroundMessage() {
        return this.mBackgroundHandler.obtainMessage();
    }
    //初始化handlermanager对象
    public void oncreate() {
        this.mHandlerThread 
            = new HandlerThread("activity worker:" 
                + this.getClass().getSimpleName());
        this.mHandlerThread.start();
        this.mBackgroundHandler 
            = new BackgroundHandler(this, this.mHandlerThread.getLooper());
        this.mUiHandler = new UiHandler(this);
    }
    //清空HandlerManager对象中数据,防止内存泄漏
    public void onDestroy() {
        if(this.mBackgroundHandler != null &&
            this.mBackgroundHandler.getLooper() != null) {
            this.mBackgroundHandler.getLooper().quit();
        }
    
    }
    
    public abstract void handleBackgroundMessage(Message var1);
    
    public abstract void handleUiMessage(Message var1);
    /**
     * UI线程
     * */
    private static class UiHandler extends Handler {
        //HandlerManager 的弱引用,防止内存泄漏
        private  WeakReference<HandlerManager> mActivityReference;
    
        public UiHandler(HandlerManager manager) {
            this.mActivityReference = new WeakReference(manager);
        }
    
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            //如果引用不为空,发送消息
            if(this.mActivityReference.get() != null) {
                ((HandlerManager)this.mActivityReference.get())
                    .handleUiMessage(msg);
            }
    
        }
    }
    /**
     * 后台线程
     * */
    private static class BackgroundHandler extends Handler {
        //HandlerManager 的弱引用,防止内存泄漏
        private  WeakReference<HandlerManager> mActivityReference;
    
        BackgroundHandler(HandlerManager manager, Looper looper) {
            super(looper);
            this.mActivityReference = new WeakReference(manager);
        }
        //发送消息
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            //如果引用不为空,发送消息
            if(this.mActivityReference.get() != null) {
                ((HandlerManager)this.mActivityReference.get())
                      .handleBackgroundMessage(msg);
            }
    
        }
    }
    

    下面是调用代码(建议写在BaseActivity中):

    private HandlerManager handlerManager;//线程管理器
    private void initHandle() {
        this.handlerManager = new HandlerManager() {
            public void handleBackgroundMessage(Message message) {
                BaseActivity.this.handleBackgroundMessage(message);
            }
    
            public void handleUiMessage(Message message) {
                BaseActivity.this.handleUiMessage(message);
            }
        };
        this.handlerManager.oncreate();
    }
    
     public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        this.handlerManager.onDestroy();
    }
    
     @Override
    public void sendUiMessage(Message var1) {
        handlerManager.sendUiMessage(var1);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void sendUiMessage(int var1, Object var2) {
        handlerManager.sendUiMessage(var1, var2);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void sendUiMessage(int var1) {
        handlerManager.sendUiMessage(var1);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void sendUiMessage(int var1, long var2) {
        handlerManager.sendUiMessage(var1, var2);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void sendUiMessage(int var1, Object var2, long var3) {
        handlerManager.sendUiMessage(var1, var2, var3);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void sendUiMessage(Message var1, long var2) {
        handlerManager.sendUiMessage(var1, var2);
    }
    
     @Override
    public void sendBackgroundMessage(Message var1) {
        handlerManager.sendBackgroundMessage(var1);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void sendBackgroundMessage(int var1, Object var2) {
        handlerManager.sendBackgroundMessage(var1,var2);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void sendBackgroundMessage(int var1) {
        handlerManager.sendBackgroundMessage(var1);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void sendBackgroundMessage(int var1, long var2) {
        handlerManager.sendBackgroundMessage(var1,var2);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void sendBackgroundMessage(int var1, Object var2, long var3) {
        handlerManager.sendBackgroundMessage(var1,var2,var3);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void sendBackgroundMessage(Message var1, long var2) {
        handlerManager.sendBackgroundMessage(var1,var2);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void handleBackgroundMessage(Message var1) {
    }
    
    @Override
    public void handleUiMessage(Message var1) {
    }
    
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