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| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | 短写 | 缩写 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 丙氨酸 | Alanine | A | Ala |
| 苯丙氨酸 | Phenylalanine | F | Phe |
| 半胱氨酸 | Cysteine | C | Cys |
| 硒半胱氨酸* | Selenocysteine | U | Sec |
| 天冬氨酸 | Aspartic acid / Aspartate | D | Asp |
| 天冬酰胺 | Asparagine | N | Asn |
| 谷氨酸 | Glutamic acid / Glutamate | E | Glu |
| 谷氨酰胺 | Glutamine | Q | Gln |
| 甘氨酸 | Glycine | G | Gly |
| 组氨酸 | Histidine | H | His |
| 亮氨酸 | Leucine | L | Leu |
| 异亮氨酸 | Isoleucine | I | Ile |
| 离氨酸 | Lysine | K | Lys |
| 吡咯赖氨酸* | Pyrrolysine | O | Pyl |
| 蛋氨酸 | Methionine | M | Met |
| 脯氨酸 | Proline | P | Pro |
| 精氨酸 | Arginine | R | Arg |
| 丝氨酸 | Serine | S | Ser |
| 苏氨酸 | Threonine | T | Thr |
| 缬氨酸 | Valine | V | Val |
| 色氨酸 | Tryptophan | W | Trp |
| 酪氨酸 | Tyrosine | Y | Tyr |
除此之外，还有一些三字母或单字母符号可用来表示未明确定义的缩写：
Asx、B可代表天冬氨酸（Asp、D）或天冬酰胺（Asn、N）。
Glx、Z可代表谷氨酸（Glu、E）或谷氨酰胺（Gln、Q）。
Xle、J可代表亮氨酸（Leu、L）或异亮氨酸（Ile、I）。
Xaa（亦用Unk）、X可代表任意氨基酸或未知氨基酸。
二、理化性质
| Name | Abbr | Molecular | Molecular | Residue | Residue Weight | pKa1 | pKb2 | pKx3 | pl4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight | Formula | Formula | (-H2O) | ||||||
| Alanine | Ala | A | 89.1 | C3H7NO2 | C3H5NO | 71.08 | 2.34 | 9.69 | – |
| Arginine | Arg | R | 174.2 | C6H14N4O2 | C6H12N4O | 156.19 | 2.17 | 9.04 | 12.48 |
| Asparagine | Asn | N | 132.12 | C4H8N2O3 | C4H6N2O2 | 114.11 | 2.02 | 8.8 | – |
| Aspartic acid | Asp | D | 133.11 | C4H7NO4 | C4H5NO3 | 115.09 | 1.88 | 9.6 | 3.65 |
| Cysteine | Cys | C | 121.16 | C3H7NO2S | C3H5NOS | 103.15 | 1.96 | 10.28 | 8.18 |
| Glutamic acid | Glu | E | 147.13 | C5H9NO4 | C5H7NO3 | 129.12 | 2.19 | 9.67 | 4.25 |
| Glutamine | Gln | Q | 146.15 | C5H10N2O3 | C5H8N2O2 | 128.13 | 2.17 | 9.13 | – |
| Glycine | Gly | G | 75.07 | C2H5NO2 | C2H3NO | 57.05 | 2.34 | 9.6 | – |
| Histidine | His | H | 155.16 | C6H9N3O2 | C6H7N3O | 137.14 | 1.82 | 9.17 | 6 |
| Hydroxyproline | Hyp | O | 131.13 | C5H9NO3 | C5H7NO2 | 113.11 | 1.82 | 9.65 | – |
| Isoleucine | Ile | I | 131.18 | C6H13NO2 | C6H11NO | 113.16 | 2.36 | 9.6 | – |
| Leucine | Leu | L | 131.18 | C6H13NO2 | C6H11NO | 113.16 | 2.36 | 9.6 | – |
| Lysine | Lys | K | 146.19 | C6H14N2O2 | C6H12N2O | 128.18 | 2.18 | 8.95 | 10.53 |
| Methionine | Met | M | 149.21 | C5H11NO2S | C5H9NOS | 131.2 | 2.28 | 9.21 | – |
| Phenylalanine | Phe | F | 165.19 | C9H11NO2 | C9H9NO | 147.18 | 1.83 | 9.13 | – |
| Proline | Pro | P | 115.13 | C5H9NO2 | C5H7NO | 97.12 | 1.99 | 10.6 | – |
| Pyroglutamatic | Glp | U | 139.11 | C5H7NO3 | C5H5NO2 | 121.09 | – | – | – |
| Serine | Ser | S | 105.09 | C3H7NO3 | C3H5NO2 | 87.08 | 2.21 | 9.15 | – |
| Threonine | Thr | T | 119.12 | C4H9NO3 | C4H7NO2 | 101.11 | 2.09 | 9.1 | – |
| Tryptophan | Trp | W | 204.23 | C11H12N2O2 | C11H10N2O | 186.22 | 2.83 | 9.39 | – |
| Tyrosine | Tyr | Y | 181.19 | C9H11NO3 | C9H9NO2 | 163.18 | 2.2 | 9.11 | 10.07 |
| Valine | Val | V | 117.15 | C5H11NO2 | C5H9NO | 99.13 | 2.32 | 9.62 | – |
参考：https://www.wikiwand.com/zh-cn/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%83%BA%E5%9F%BA%E9%85%B8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/DE/de/technical-documents/technical-article/protein-biology/protein-structural-analysis/amino-acid-reference-chart
24种氨基酸缩写及其理化性质 - 简书 (jianshu.com)
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