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DrawerLayout(官方侧滑菜单)的简单使用

DrawerLayout(官方侧滑菜单)的简单使用

作者: 侯蛋蛋_ | 来源:发表于2017-09-21 10:43 被阅读0次

    本节引言:

    本节给大家带来基础UI控件部分的最后一个控件:DrawerLayout,官方给我们提供的一个侧滑菜单 控件,和上一节的ViewPager一样,3.0以后引入,低版本使用它,需要v4兼容包,说到侧滑,相信 很多人都用过github上的SlidingMenu

    不过说起来SlidingMenu和官方的Drawerlayout的区别,小编这里只能说各有千秋吧,如果论稳定性,当然是官方的控件了,如果说效果方面,当然是开源库的SlidingMenu当仁不让了

    1.使用的注意事项

    1.主内容视图一定要是DrawerLayout的第一个子视图

    2.主内容视图宽度和高度需要match_parent

    3.必须显示指定侧滑视图的android:layout_gravity属性 android:layout_gravity = "start"时,从左向右滑出菜单 android:layout_gravity = "end"时,从右向左滑出菜单 不推荐使用left和right!!!

    4.侧滑视图的宽度以dp为单位,不建议超过320dp(为了总能看到一些主内容视图)

    5.设置侧滑事件:mDrawerLayout.setDrawerListener(DrawerLayout.DrawerListener);

    6.要说一点:可以结合Actionbar使用当用户点击Actionbar上的应用图标,弹出侧滑菜单! 这里就要通过ActionBarDrawerToggle,它是DrawerLayout.DrawerListener的具体实现类, 我们可以重写ActionBarDrawerToggle的onDrawerOpened()和onDrawerClosed()以监听抽屉拉出 或隐藏事件!但是这里我们不讲,因为5.0后我们使用的是Toolbar!有兴趣的可以自行查阅相关 文档!

    2.使用代码示例

    示例1:单个侧滑菜单的实现
    运行效果图

    实现关键代码
    首先是我们的主布局,注意:最外层要是DrawerLayout哦!!!!,DrawerLayout里面的布局可以自定义,但是一定要有个布局是android:layout_gravity="start"

    activity_main.xml

    <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    
        <FrameLayout
            android:id="@+id/ly_content"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent" />
    
        <ListView
            android:id="@+id/list_left_drawer"
            android:layout_width="180dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_gravity="start"
            android:background="#080808"
            android:choiceMode="singleChoice"
            android:divider="#FFFFFF"
            android:dividerHeight="1dp" />
    
    </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>
    

    接着ListView的布局代码和domain类:Item比较简单,就不给出了,直接上中间Fragment的 布局以及代码吧!另外Adapter直接复用我们之前写的那个可复用的MyAdapter!

    fg_content.xml:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"
            android:textSize="25sp" />
    
    </RelativeLayout>
    

    ContentFragment.java:

    /**
     * Created by Jay on 2015/10/8 0008.
     */
    public class ContentFragment extends Fragment {
    
        private TextView tv_content;
    
        @Override
        public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_content, container, false);
            tv_content = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_content);
            String text = getArguments().getString("text");
            tv_content.setText(text);
            return view;
        }
    }   
    

    最后是我们的Activity类
    MainActivity.java:

    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener{
    
        private DrawerLayout drawer_layout;
        private ListView list_left_drawer;
        private ArrayList<Item> menuLists;
        private MyAdapter<Item> myAdapter = null;
    
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    
            drawer_layout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
            list_left_drawer = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list_left_drawer);
    
            menuLists = new ArrayList<Item>();
            menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_realtime,"实时信息"));
            menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_alert,"提醒通知"));
            menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_trace,"活动路线"));
            menuLists.add(new Item(R.mipmap.iv_menu_settings,"相关设置"));
            myAdapter = new MyAdapter<Item>(menuLists,R.layout.item_list) {
                @Override
                public void bindView(ViewHolder holder, Item obj) {
                    holder.setImageResource(R.id.img_icon,obj.getIconId());
                    holder.setText(R.id.txt_content, obj.getIconName());
                }
            };
            list_left_drawer.setAdapter(myAdapter);
            list_left_drawer.setOnItemClickListener(this);
        }
    
    
        @Override
        public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
            ContentFragment contentFragment = new ContentFragment();
            Bundle args = new Bundle();
            args.putString("text", menuLists.get(position).getIconName());
            contentFragment.setArguments(args);
            FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
            fm.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.ly_content,contentFragment).commit();
            drawer_layout.closeDrawer(list_left_drawer);
        }
    }
    

    示例2.左右两个侧滑菜单的实现

    嗯,不知道你有没有发现,从上面的DrawerLayout的布局,我们大概可以猜到,DrawerLayout 最多由三个部分组成,中间的内容部分,左边的侧滑菜单部分,右边的侧滑菜单部分组成! 下面我们来写一个带有两个侧滑菜单的示例!

    运行效果图

    代码实现
    首先我们创建两个Fragment以及对应的布局,他们分别是左右侧滑菜单!
    左边Fragment
    布局:fg_left.xml,这里就用了一个图片而以,点击后弹出一个新的Activity; 当然你可以根据自己的需求进行扩展!

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    
        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/img_bg"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:background="@mipmap/bg_menu_left"/>
    
    </LinearLayout>
    

    对应的LeftFragment.java:

    /**
     * Created by Jay on 2015/10/9 0009.
     */
    public class LeftFragment extends Fragment{
    
        private DrawerLayout drawer_layout;
    
        @Override
        public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_left, container, false);
            ImageView img_bg = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.img_bg);
            img_bg.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    getActivity().startActivity(new Intent(getActivity(),OtherActivity.class));
                    drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.START);
                }
            });
            return view;
        }
    
        //暴露给Activity,用于传入DrawerLayout,因为点击后想关掉DrawerLayout
        public void setDrawerLayout(DrawerLayout drawer_layout){
            this.drawer_layout = drawer_layout;
        }
    }
    

    右面的Fragment:
    布局就三个按钮,点击后替换中间部分的Fragment,布局fg_right.xml代码如下:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:background="#2F9AF2"
        android:gravity="center"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_one"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="菜单项一" />
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_two"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="菜单项二" />
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_three"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="菜单项三" />
    
    </LinearLayout>
    

    然后对应的是RightFragment.java:

    public class RightFragment extends Fragment implements View.OnClickListener{
    
        private DrawerLayout drawer_layout;
        private FragmentManager fManager;
    
        @Override
        public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_right, container, false);
            view.findViewById(R.id.btn_one).setOnClickListener(this);
            view.findViewById(R.id.btn_two).setOnClickListener(this);
            view.findViewById(R.id.btn_three).setOnClickListener(this);
            fManager = getActivity().getSupportFragmentManager();
            return view;
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            switch (v.getId()){
                case R.id.btn_one:
                    ContentFragment cFragment1 = new ContentFragment("1.点击了右侧菜单项一",R.color.blue);
                    fManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fly_content,cFragment1).commit();
                    drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.END);
                    break;
                case R.id.btn_two:
                    ContentFragment cFragment2 = new ContentFragment("2.点击了右侧菜单项二",R.color.red);
                    fManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fly_content,cFragment2).commit();
                    drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.END);
                    break;
                case R.id.btn_three:
                    ContentFragment cFragment3 = new ContentFragment("3.点击了右侧菜单项三",R.color.yellow);
                    fManager.beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fly_content,cFragment3).commit();
                    drawer_layout.closeDrawer(Gravity.END);
                    break;
            }
        }
    
        public void setDrawerLayout(DrawerLayout drawer_layout){
            this.drawer_layout = drawer_layout;
        }
    
    }
    

    另外还有一个中间部分填充的ContentFragment,布局:fg_content.xml如下

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">
    
        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/tv_content"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_centerInParent="true"
            android:textSize="25sp" />
    
    </RelativeLayout>
    

    ContentFragment.java:

    ContentFragment.java:
    ```java
    public class ContentFragment extends Fragment {
    
        private TextView tv_content;
        private String strContent;
        private int bgColor;
    
        public ContentFragment(String strContent,int bgColor) {
            this.strContent = strContent;
            this.bgColor = bgColor;
        }
    
        @Override
        public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            View view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fg_content, container, false);
            view.setBackgroundColor(getResources().getColor(bgColor));
            tv_content = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_content);
            tv_content.setText(strContent);
            return view;
        }
    }
    

    编写好以后,就到我们的Activity的布局了以及Activity的代码了: 在此之前我们还需要些一个顶部条形栏的布局:
    view_topbar.xml:

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:background="#DCDEDB">
    
        <Button
            android:id="@+id/btn_right"
            android:layout_width="40dp"
            android:layout_height="40dp"
            android:layout_centerVertical="true"
            android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
            android:background="@drawable/btn_selctor"/>
    
    </RelativeLayout>
    

    然后是activity_main.xml:

    <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent">
    
        <LinearLayout
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:orientation="vertical">
    
            <include
                android:id="@+id/topbar"
                layout="@layout/view_topbar"
                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                android:layout_height="48dp" />
    
            <FrameLayout
                android:id="@+id/fly_content"
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="match_parent" />
    
        </LinearLayout>
    
        <fragment
            android:id="@+id/fg_left_menu"
            android:name="jay.com.drawerlayoutdemo2.LeftFragment"
            android:layout_width="300dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_gravity="start"
            android:tag="LEFT"
            tools:layout="@layout/fg_left" />
    
        <fragment
            android:id="@+id/fg_right_menu"
            android:name="jay.com.drawerlayoutdemo2.RightFragment"
            android:layout_width="100dp"
            android:layout_height="match_parent"
            android:layout_gravity="end"
            android:tag="RIGHT"
            tools:layout="@layout/fg_right" />
    
    </android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>  
    

    最后是MainActivity.java:

    public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    
        private DrawerLayout drawer_layout;
        private FrameLayout fly_content;
        private View topbar;
        private Button btn_right;
        private RightFragment fg_right_menu;
        private LeftFragment fg_left_menu;
        private FragmentManager fManager;
    
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            fManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
            fg_right_menu = (RightFragment) fManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fg_right_menu);
            fg_left_menu = (LeftFragment) fManager.findFragmentById(R.id.fg_left_menu);
            initViews();
        }
    
        private void initViews() {
            drawer_layout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawer_layout);
            fly_content = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.fly_content);
            topbar = findViewById(R.id.topbar);
            btn_right = (Button) topbar.findViewById(R.id.btn_right);
            btn_right.setOnClickListener(this);
    
            //设置右面的侧滑菜单只能通过编程来打开
            drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED,
                    Gravity.END);
    
            drawer_layout.setDrawerListener(new DrawerLayout.DrawerListener() {
                @Override
                public void onDrawerSlide(View view, float v) {
    
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onDrawerOpened(View view) {
    
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onDrawerClosed(View view) {
                    drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(
                            DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED, Gravity.END);
                }
    
                @Override
                public void onDrawerStateChanged(int i) {
    
                }
            });
    
            fg_right_menu.setDrawerLayout(drawer_layout);
            fg_left_menu.setDrawerLayout(drawer_layout);
        }
    
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            drawer_layout.openDrawer(Gravity.RIGHT);
            drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_UNLOCKED,
                    Gravity.END);    //解除锁定
        }
    }
    

    好的,至此就大功告成了~,呼呼,下面说下看代码时可能会有的疑惑:

      1. drawer_layout.openDrawer(Gravity.END);
        这句是设置打开的哪个菜单START代表左边,END代表右边
      1. drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED,Gravity.END); 锁定右面的侧滑菜单,不能通过手势关闭或者打开,只能通过代码打开!即调用openDrawer方法! 接着 drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_UNLOCKED,Gravity.END); 解除锁定状态,即可以通过手势关闭侧滑菜单 最后在drawer关闭的时候调用: drawer_layout.setDrawerLockMode(DrawerLayout.LOCK_MODE_LOCKED_CLOSED, Gravity.END); 再次锁定右边的侧滑菜单!
      1. 布局代码中的Tag属性的作用? 答:这里没用到,在重写DrawerListener的onDrawerSlide方法时,我们可以通过他的第一个 参数drawerView,调用drawerView.getTag().equals("START")判断触发菜单事件的是哪个 菜单!然后可以进行对应的操作!

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