RPM方式安装MySQL5.6

1. 检查MySQL及相关RPM包，是否安装，如果有安装，则移除（rpm –e 名称）
   <pre>
   [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
   mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
   [root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql-libs*
   </pre>
2. 下载Linux对应的RPM包，如：CentOS6.4_64对应的RPM包，如下：
   <pre>
   [root@localhost rpm]# ll
   total 74364
   -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18442536 Dec 11 20:19 MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
   -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3340660 Dec 11 20:06 MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
   -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 54360600 Dec 11 20:03 MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
   </pre>
3. 安装MySQL
   <pre>
   [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
   [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-devel-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
   [root@localhost rpm]# rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.6.15-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

修改配置文件位置

[root@localhost rpm]# cp /usr/share/mysql/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
</pre>

4. 初始化MySQL及设置密码
   <pre>
   [root@localhost rpm]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
   [root@localhost rpm]# service mysql start
   [root@localhost rpm]# cat /root/.mysql_secret #查看root账号密码

The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot –pqKTaFZnl
mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456'); #设置密码为123456
mysql> exit
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
</pre>

5. 允许远程登陆
   <pre>
   mysql> use mysql;
   mysql> select host,user,password from user;
   +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
   | host | user | password |
   +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
   | localhost | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
   | localhost.localdomain | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
   | 127.0.0.1 | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
   | ::1 | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
   +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
   mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';
   mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
   mysql> flush privileges;
   mysql> exit
   </pre>
6. 设置开机自启动
   <pre>
   [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysql on
   [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
   mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
   </pre>
7. MySQL的默认安装位置
   <pre>
   /var/lib/mysql/ #数据库目录
   /usr/share/mysql #配置文件目录
   /usr/bin #相关命令目录
   /etc/init.d/mysql #启动脚本
   </pre>
8. 修改字符集和数据存储路径
   配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改数据存放路径、mysql.sock路径以及默认编码utf-8
   <pre>
   [client]
   password = 123456
   port = 3306
   default-character-set=utf8
   [mysqld]
   port = 3306
   character_set_server=utf8
   character_set_client=utf8
   collation-server=utf8_general_ci

(注意linux下mysql安装完后是默认：表名区分大小写，列名不区分大小写； 0：区分大小写，1：不区分大小写)

lower_case_table_names=1

(设置最大连接数，默认为 151，MySQL服务器允许的最大连接数16384; )

max_connections=1000
[mysql]
default-character-set = utf8
</pre>

9. 查看字符集

show variables like '%collation%';
show variables like '%char%';