Json web token (JWT), 是为了在网络应用环境间传递声明而执行的一种基于JSON的开放标准（RFC 7519).该token被设计为紧凑且安全的，特别适用于分布式站点的单点登录（SSO）场景。JWT的声明一般被用来在身份提供者和服务提供者间传递被认证的用户身份信息，以便于从资源服务器获取资源，也可以增加一些额外的其它业务逻辑所必须的声明信息，该token也可直接被用于认证，也可被加密。
JWT组成
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/longfeizheng/longfeizheng.github.io/master/images/security/spring-security-jwt01.png
eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJ1c2VyX25hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsInNjb3BlIjpbImFsbCJdLCJleHAiOjE1MTY3MjY4MTMsImJsb2ciOiJodHRwczovL2xvbmdmZWl6aGVuZy5naXRodWIuaW8vIiwiYXV0aG9yaXRpZXMiOlsiUk9MRV9VU0VSIl0sImp0aSI6ImJmZmY0NjRjLTFiNTktNGZkNy1hNTE4LWU3YjY5MDFiNzU3YyIsImNsaWVudF9pZCI6Im1lcnJ5eW91In0.gp5t9nY9mGp5O2-yqdflc0nEAsTeCQG7VugA8q8XcF4
Header
Header 包含了一些元数据，至少会表明 token 类型以及 签名方法。
{
"typ": "JWT",
"alg": "HS256"
}
Claims (Payload)
Claims 部分包含了一些跟这个 token 有关的重要信息。
{
"user_name": "admin",
"scope": [
"all"
],
"exp": 1516726813,
"blog": "https://longfeizheng.github.io/",
"authorities": [
"ROLE_USER"
],
"jti": "bfff464c-1b59-4fd7-a518-e7b6901b757c",
"client_id": "merryyou"
}
Signature
JWT 标准遵照 JSON Web Signature (JWS) 标准来生成签名。签名主要用于验证 token 是否有效，是否被篡改。
JWT流程示意图
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/longfeizheng/longfeizheng.github.io/master/images/security/spring-security-jwt02.jpg
Spring Security Oauth2 实现JWT
配置TokenStoreConfig用于存储Token
@Configuration
public class TokenStoreConfig {
/**
* redis连接工厂
*/
@Autowired
private RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory;
/**
* 用于存放token
* @return
*/
@Bean
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "merryyou.security.oauth2", name = "storeType", havingValue = "redis")
public TokenStore redisTokenStore() {
return new RedisTokenStore(redisConnectionFactory);
}
/**
* jwt TOKEN配置信息
*/
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "merryyou.security.oauth2", name = "storeType", havingValue = "jwt", matchIfMissing = true)
public static class JwtTokenCofnig{
/**
* 使用jwtTokenStore存储token
* @return
*/
@Bean
public TokenStore jwtTokenStore(){
return new JwtTokenStore(jwtAccessTokenConverter());
}
/**
* 用于生成jwt
* @return
*/
@Bean
public JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter(){
JwtAccessTokenConverter accessTokenConverter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter();
accessTokenConverter.setSigningKey("merryyou");//生成签名的key
return accessTokenConverter;
}
/**
* 用于扩展JWT
* @return
*/
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(name = "jwtTokenEnhancer")
public TokenEnhancer jwtTokenEnhancer(){
return new MerryyouJwtTokenEnhancer();
}
}
}
MerryyouJwtTokenEnhancer
public class MerryyouJwtTokenEnhancer implements TokenEnhancer {
@Override
public OAuth2AccessToken enhance(OAuth2AccessToken accessToken, OAuth2Authentication authentication) {
Map<String, Object> info = new HashMap<>();
info.put("blog", "https://longfeizheng.github.io/");//扩展返回的token
((DefaultOAuth2AccessToken) accessToken).setAdditionalInformation(info);
return accessToken;
}
}
配置认证服务器
@Configuration
@EnableAuthorizationServer
public class MerryyouAuthorizationServerConfig extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
@Autowired
private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
@Autowired
private TokenStore tokenStore;
@Autowired(required = false)
private JwtAccessTokenConverter jwtAccessTokenConverter;
@Autowired(required = false)
private TokenEnhancer jwtTokenEnhancer;
@Override
public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
endpoints.tokenStore(tokenStore)
.authenticationManager(authenticationManager)
.userDetailsService(userDetailsService);
//扩展token返回结果
if (jwtAccessTokenConverter != null && jwtTokenEnhancer != null) {
TokenEnhancerChain tokenEnhancerChain = new TokenEnhancerChain();
List<TokenEnhancer> enhancerList = new ArrayList();
enhancerList.add(jwtTokenEnhancer);
enhancerList.add(jwtAccessTokenConverter);
tokenEnhancerChain.setTokenEnhancers(enhancerList);
//jwt
endpoints.tokenEnhancer(tokenEnhancerChain)
.accessTokenConverter(jwtAccessTokenConverter);
}
}
/**
* 配置客户端一些信息
* @param clients
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
clients.inMemory()
.withClient("merryyou")
.secret("merryyou")
.accessTokenValiditySeconds(7200)
.authorizedGrantTypes("refresh_token", "password", "authorization_code")//OAuth2支持的验证模式
.scopes("all");
}
}
配置资源服务器
@Configuration
@EnableResourceServer
public class MerryyouResourceServerConfig extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter {
/**
* 自定义登录成功处理器
*/
@Autowired
private AuthenticationSuccessHandler appLoginInSuccessHandler;
@Override
public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.formLogin()
.successHandler(appLoginInSuccessHandler)//登录成功处理器
.and()
.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated().and()
.csrf().disable();
}
}
解析扩展的Token
@GetMapping("/user")
public Object getCurrentUser1(Authentication authentication, HttpServletRequest request) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
log.info("【SecurityOauth2Application】 getCurrentUser1 authenticaiton={}", JsonUtil.toJson(authentication));
String header = request.getHeader("Authorization");
String token = StringUtils.substringAfter(header, "bearer ");
Claims claims = Jwts.parser().setSigningKey("merryyou".getBytes("UTF-8")).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody();
String blog = (String) claims.get("blog");
log.info("【SecurityOauth2Application】 getCurrentUser1 blog={}", blog);
return authentication;
}
测试方法
@Test
public void signInTest() throws Exception {
RestTemplate rest = new RestTemplate();
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
headers.add("authorization", getBasicAuthHeader());
MultiValueMap<String, String> params = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
params.add("username", "admin");
params.add("password", "123456");
HttpEntity<?> entity = new HttpEntity(params, headers);
// pay attention, if using get with headers, should use exchange instead of getForEntity / getForObject
ResponseEntity<String> result = rest.exchange(SIGN_IN_URI, HttpMethod.POST, entity, String.class, new Object[]{null});
log.info("登录信息返回的结果={}", JsonUtil.toJson(result));
}
打印：
"body": "{\"access_token\":\"eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJ1c2VyX25hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsInNjb3BlIjpbImFsbCJdLCJleHAiOjE1MTY3MjkxNDIsImJsb2ciOiJodHRwczovL2xvbmdmZWl6aGVuZy5naXRodWIuaW8vIiwiYXV0aG9yaXRpZXMiOlsiUk9MRV9VU0VSIl0sImp0aSI6IjMzOTUxNDk1LTBjOGYtNGQ5NS1iZDYyLTAxMjEyYWNjZDU1ZCIsImNsaWVudF9pZCI6Im1lcnJ5eW91In0.7Lrpmn3CaNweqcMeADJeZJGDTEZYN-gg5OpAzbKIEqQ\",\"token_type\":\"bearer\",\"refresh_token\":\"eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJ1c2VyX25hbWUiOiJhZG1pbiIsInNjb3BlIjpbImFsbCJdLCJhdGkiOiIzMzk1MTQ5NS0wYzhmLTRkOTUtYmQ2Mi0wMTIxMmFjY2Q1NWQiLCJleHAiOjE1MTkzMTM5NDIsImJsb2ciOiJodHRwczovL2xvbmdmZWl6aGVuZy5naXRodWIuaW8vIiwiYXV0aG9yaXRpZXMiOlsiUk9MRV9VU0VSIl0sImp0aSI6IjFlMjI1YzE5LTE5NDMtNGNjMi1iYTdjLTM1MzdmZDA1M2E4MyIsImNsaWVudF9pZCI6Im1lcnJ5eW91In0.lKHgXd2HSPCp2cK6S-ZvLUwXRjnXEX9wryDWV4CmSGw\",\"expires_in\":7199,\"scope\":\"all\",\"blog\":\"https://longfeizheng.github.io/\",\"jti\":\"33951495-0c8f-4d95-bd62-01212accd55d\"}"
效果如下：
https://raw.githubusercontent.com/longfeizheng/longfeizheng.github.io/master/images/security/spring-security-jwt03.gif
代码下载
从我的 github 中下载，https://github.com/longfeizheng/security-oauth2
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