“力”刻行动 搞定英语
6. 表示执意或决心
will表示现在,would表示过去。如:
He will have his own way.
他坚持要一意孤行。
I won't have you say such things.
我可不许你说这样的话。
He would do it, though I told him not to.
虽然我叫他不要做,可是他偏要做。
7. 表示命令、许诺、指示、叮嘱等
You will carry out these instructions and report back this afternoon. 你要执行这些指示并在今天下午报告执行情况。
Will you be quiet!
安静点儿!
You will have your share.
你会得到你那一份的。
8. would用于评论某一特定的行为
That’s just what he would say.
他就是爱说这种话。
It would rain on the day we choose for a picnic!
我们哪天去野餐,哪天就准下雨!
9.would表示过去反复发生的动作
Now and then he would come to see me.
他时不时来看我。
We would play catch here.
我们以前常在这儿玩捉球游戏。
10. would用于虚拟条件句
If I had money, I would go abroad.
假如我有钱我定会到国外去。
If he had been there, he would have helped you.
假如他那时在场,他定会帮助你的。
may与might用法要点完全归纳:
1. 表示允许
(1) 表示请求允许(即请求别人允许自己做某事),两者都可用,只是 might 表示的语气较委婉(但并不表示过去)。如:
May I come round in the morning?
我早上来行吗?
I wonder if I might use your phone.
不知可否用一下你的电话。
I’d like to ask a question if I may.
如果可以的话,我想提个问题。
(2) 表示给予允许(即自己允许别人做某事),只用能 may而不能用might。如:
You may stop now.
你现在可以停下来了。
You may leave when you’ve finished.
你做完以后就可以走。
You may not tell him this.
你不可以告诉他这件事。
体会以下对话的问句与答句:
A:May [Might] I stay? 我可以留下吗?
(表请求,可用两者)
B:Yes, you may. 可以。
(表允许,不能用 might)
【注意】might 表示允许通常不表示过去,但是在间接引语(即宾语从句)中可以用作 may 的过去式来转述已给予的允许。如:
She said that he might take her dictionary.
她说他可以拿她的词典去用。
2. 表示推测
两者都可用,只是 might 比 may 语气更不确定,表示的可能性更小(注意此时的might并不表过去)。在句型使用方面:may通常用于肯定句或否定陈述句,一般不用于疑问句(疑问句中用 can, 参见 can),而might 则可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句。在用法方面注意以下几点:
(1) 后接动词原形,表示对现在或将来的推测。如:
He may [might] be in his office now.
他现在说不定在办公室里。
Might he know the answer?
他可能知道答案吗?
(2) 后接动词进行式,表示动作正在进行或将要发生。如:
They may [might] be going abroad next month.
他们可能在下个月出国。
Might he be waiting for us at the station?
他会不会在车站等我们?
(3) 后接动词完成式,表示对过去可能发生的事进行推测。如:
He may [might] have gone to have his hair cut.
他可能理发去了。
She may [might] have read it in the papers.
她可能在报上已读到过此事。
【注意】若不是单纯地对过去可能发生的事进行推测,而是表示以下用法,则只能用“might+完成式”,而不能用“may+完成式”:
①表示过去本来可能发生而实际上没有发生的情况,通常译为“本来可以”“本来可能”等。如:
She felt horror at the thought of what might have happened.
一想到之前可能会发生的事情她就感到害怕。
You were stupid to try climbing up there. You might have killed yourself.
你从那儿往上爬,太蠢了,你可能会摔死的。
②表示过去本来有责任或义务应该做某事的,但实际上却没有做成,含有批评和责备的意味,通常译为“本来应该”“本来可以”等。如:
You might have told us half an hour ago.
你半个钟头前告诉我就好了。
You might have taken the trouble to tell me the meeting was put off.
你本来可以费心告诉我一声会议推迟了的。
③用于虚拟条件句中谈论过去的情况时:
If you hadn’t reminded me, I might have forgotten.
你如不提醒我,我可能就忘记了。
If we had taken the other road we might have arrived earlier.
如果我们当时走了另一条路,就可能到得早一些。
3. 用于 may [might] (just) as well
意为“不妨”“还是……为好”等,用 might 比用 may 语气更委婉。如:
We may [might] (just) walk there.
我们不妨步行去。
There’s nothing to do, so I may [might] as well go to bed.
既然没什么事可做,我还是去睡觉为好。
might as well有时还可用于指过去的情况或用于比较两个令人不愉快的情况。如:
Now that they were all there she might as well speak her mind.
由于大家都在,她不妨把自己的想法都说出来。
This holiday isn’t much fun; we might as well be back home.
这个假日过得真没意思,我们还不如呆在家里。
4. 正式场合或书面语中,may 可用来表示祝愿
May you be happy!
祝你幸福!
May God bless you!
愿上帝保佑你!
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