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Android事件分发机制

Android事件分发机制

作者: 代码界的泥石流 | 来源:发表于2017-02-13 14:07 被阅读0次
    1、案例

    为了更好的研究View的事件转发,我们自定义一个MyButton继承Button,然后把跟事件传播有关的方法进行复写,然后添加上日志~

    package com.example.zhy_event03;
    
    import android.content.Context;
    import android.util.AttributeSet;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.MotionEvent;
    import android.widget.Button;
    
    public class MyButton extends Button
    {
        private static final String TAG = MyButton.class.getSimpleName();
    
        public MyButton(Context context, AttributeSet attrs)
        {
            super(context, attrs);
        }
    
        @Override
        public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event)
        {
            int action = event.getAction();
    
            switch (action)
            {
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                Log.e(TAG, "onTouchEvent ACTION_DOWN");
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                Log.e(TAG, "onTouchEvent ACTION_MOVE");
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                Log.e(TAG, "onTouchEvent ACTION_UP");
                break;
            default:
                break;
            }
            return super.onTouchEvent(event);
        }
        
        @Override
        public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event)
        {
            int action = event.getAction();
    
            switch (action)
            {
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                Log.e(TAG, "dispatchTouchEvent ACTION_DOWN");
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                Log.e(TAG, "dispatchTouchEvent ACTION_MOVE");
                break;
            case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                Log.e(TAG, "dispatchTouchEvent ACTION_UP");
                break;
    
            default:
                break;
            }
            return super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
        }
    
        
    }
    

    在onTouchEvent和dispatchTouchEvent中打印了日志~
    然后把我们自定义的按钮加到主布局文件中;

    布局文件:
    <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        tools:context=".MainActivity" >
    
        <com.example.zhy_event03.MyButton
            android:id="@+id/id_btn"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="click me" />
    
    </LinearLayout>
    

    最后看一眼MainActivity的代码

    
    package com.example.zhy_event03;
    
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.MotionEvent;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
    import android.widget.Button;
    
    public class MainActivity extends Activity
    {
        protected static final String TAG = "MyButton";
        private Button mButton ;
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
        {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            
            mButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.id_btn);
            mButton.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener()
            {
                @Override
                public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event)
                {
                    int action = event.getAction();
    
                    switch (action)
                    {
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                        Log.e(TAG, "onTouch ACTION_DOWN");
                        break;
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                        Log.e(TAG, "onTouch ACTION_MOVE");
                        break;
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                        Log.e(TAG, "onTouch ACTION_UP");
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                    }
                    
                    return false;
                }
            });
        }   
    }
    
    

    在MainActivity中,我们还给MyButton设置了OnTouchListener这个监听~
    好了,跟View事件相关一般就这三个地方了,一个onTouchEvent,一个dispatchTouchEvent,一个setOnTouchListener;

    下面我们运行,然后点击按钮,查看日志输出:
    08-31 06:09:39.030: E/MyButton(879): dispatchTouchEvent ACTION_DOWN
    08-31 06:09:39.030: E/MyButton(879): onTouch ACTION_DOWN
    08-31 06:09:39.049: E/MyButton(879): onTouchEvent ACTION_DOWN
    08-31 06:09:39.138: E/MyButton(879): dispatchTouchEvent ACTION_MOVE
    08-31 06:09:39.138: E/MyButton(879): onTouch ACTION_MOVE
    08-31 06:09:39.147: E/MyButton(879): onTouchEvent ACTION_MOVE
    08-31 06:09:39.232: E/MyButton(879): dispatchTouchEvent ACTION_UP
    08-31 06:09:39.248: E/MyButton(879): onTouch ACTION_UP
    08-31 06:09:39.248: E/MyButton(879): onTouchEvent ACTION_UP
    

    下面就跟随日志的脚步开始源码的探索~

    2、dispatchTouchEvent

    首先进入View的dispatchTouchEvent

    
    /**
         * Pass the touch screen motion event down to the target view, or this
         * view if it is the target.
         *
         * @param event The motion event to be dispatched.
         * @return True if the event was handled by the view, false otherwise.
         */
        public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
            if (!onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
                return false;
            }
    
            if (mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED &&
                    mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
                return true;
            }
            return onTouchEvent(event);
        }
    

    直接看13行:首先判断mOnTouchListener不为null,并且view是enable的状态,然后 mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)返回true,这三个条件如果都满足,直接return true ; 也就是下面的onTouchEvent(event)不会被执行了;
    那么mOnTouchListener是和方神圣,我们来看看:

       /**
         * Register a callback to be invoked when a touch event is sent to this view.
         * @param l the touch listener to attach to this view
         */
        public void setOnTouchListener(OnTouchListener l) {
            mOnTouchListener = l;
        }
    

    其实就是我们在Activity中设置的setOnTouchListener。

    也就是说:如果我们设置了setOnTouchListener,并且return true,那么View自己的onTouchEvent就不会被执行了,当然了,本例我们return false,我们还得往下探索 ;
    已经解决一个常见的问题:View的onTouchListener和onTouchEvent的调用关系,相信大家应该已经明白了~let's Go;继续往下。

    3、View的onTouchEvent:

    接下来是View的onTouchEvent:

    /**
         * Implement this method to handle touch screen motion events.
         *
         * @param event The motion event.
         * @return True if the event was handled, false otherwise.
         */
        public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
            final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;
    
            if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
                // A disabled view that is clickable still consumes the touch
                // events, it just doesn't respond to them.
                return (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
                        (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE));
            }
    
            if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
                if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
                    return true;
                }
            }
    
            if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
                    (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)) {
                switch (event.getAction()) {
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                        boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PREPRESSED) != 0;
                        if ((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
                            // take focus if we don't have it already and we should in
                            // touch mode.
                            boolean focusTaken = false;
                            if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
                                focusTaken = requestFocus();
                            }
    
                            if (!mHasPerformedLongPress) {
                                // This is a tap, so remove the longpress check
                                removeLongPressCallback();
    
                                // Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state
                                if (!focusTaken) {
                                    // Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
                                    // performClick directly. This lets other visual state
                                    // of the view update before click actions start.
                                    if (mPerformClick == null) {
                                        mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
                                    }
                                    if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
                                        performClick();
                                    }
                                }
                            }
    
                            if (mUnsetPressedState == null) {
                                mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState();
                            }
    
                            if (prepressed) {
                                mPrivateFlags |= PRESSED;
                                refreshDrawableState();
                                postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState,
                                        ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration());
                            } else if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
                                // If the post failed, unpress right now
                                mUnsetPressedState.run();
                            }
                            removeTapCallback();
                        }
                        break;
    
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                        if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
                            mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
                        }
                        mPrivateFlags |= PREPRESSED;
                        mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
                        postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
                        break;
    
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
                        mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
                        refreshDrawableState();
                        removeTapCallback();
                        break;
    
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                        final int x = (int) event.getX();
                        final int y = (int) event.getY();
    
                        // Be lenient about moving outside of buttons
                        int slop = mTouchSlop;
                        if ((x < 0 - slop) || (x >= getWidth() + slop) ||
                                (y < 0 - slop) || (y >= getHeight() + slop)) {
                            // Outside button
                            removeTapCallback();
                            if ((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0) {
                                // Remove any future long press/tap checks
                                removeLongPressCallback();
    
                                // Need to switch from pressed to not pressed
                                mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
                                refreshDrawableState();
                            }
                        }
                        break;
                }
                return true;
            }
    
            return false;
        }
    
    • 代码还是比较长的,
      10-15行,如果当前View是Disabled状态且是可点击则会消费掉事件(return true);可以忽略,不是我们的重点;
    • 17-21行,如果设置了mTouchDelegate,则会将事件交给代理者处理,直接return true,如果大家希望自己的View增加它的touch范围,可以尝试使用TouchDelegate,这里也不是重点,可以忽略;

    接下来到我们的重点了:

    • 23行的判断:如果我们的View可以点击或者可以长按,则,注意IF的范围,最终一定return true ;
     if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
                    (viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)) {
               //...
                return true;
            }
    

    接下来就是
    Switch (event.getAction())了,判断事件类型,DOWN,MOVE,UP等;
    我们按照例子执行的顺序,先看 case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN (71-78行):

    1、MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN

    75行:给mPrivateFlags设置一个PREPRESSED的标识
    76行:设置mHasPerformedLongPress=false;表示长按事件还未触发;
    77行:发送一个延迟为ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout()的延迟消息,到达延时时间后会执行CheckForTap()里面的run方法:
    1、ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout()为115毫秒;
    2、CheckForTap

      private final class CheckForTap implements Runnable {
            public void run() {
                mPrivateFlags &= ~PREPRESSED;
                mPrivateFlags |= PRESSED;
                refreshDrawableState();
                if ((mViewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE) {
                    postCheckForLongClick(ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
                }
            }
        }
    

    在run方法里面取消mPrivateFlags的PREPRESSED,然后设置PRESSED标识,刷新背景,如果View支持长按事件,则再发一个延时消息,检测长按;

     private void postCheckForLongClick(int delayOffset) {
            mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
    
            if (mPendingCheckForLongPress == null) {
                mPendingCheckForLongPress = new CheckForLongPress();
            }
            mPendingCheckForLongPress.rememberWindowAttachCount();
            postDelayed(mPendingCheckForLongPress,
                    ViewConfiguration.getLongPressTimeout() - delayOffset);
        }
    
    
    class CheckForLongPress implements Runnable {
    
            private int mOriginalWindowAttachCount;
    
            public void run() {
                if (isPressed() && (mParent != null)
                        && mOriginalWindowAttachCount == mWindowAttachCount) {
                    if (performLongClick()) {
                        mHasPerformedLongPress = true;
                    }
                }
            }
    

    可以看到,当用户按下,首先会设置标识为PREPRESSED

    • 如果115后,没有抬起,会将View的标识设置为PRESSED且去掉PREPRESSED标识,然后发出一个检测长按的延迟任务,延时为:ViewConfiguration.getLongPressTimeout() - delayOffset(500ms -115ms),这个115ms刚好时检测额PREPRESSED时间;也就是用户从DOWN触发开始算起,如果500ms内没有抬起则认为触发了长按事件:
    • 如果此时设置了长按的回调,则执行长按时的回调,且如果长按的回调返回true;才把mHasPerformedLongPress置为ture;
    • 否则,如果没有设置长按回调或者长按回调返回的是false;则mHasPerformedLongPress依然是false;
      好了DOWN就分析完成了;大家回个神,下面回到VIEW的onTouchEvent中的ACTION_MOVE:
    MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE

    86到105行:

    • 87-88行:拿到当前触摸的x,y坐标;
    • 91行判断当然触摸点有没有移出我们的View,如果移出了:
      1、执行removeTapCallback();
      2、然后判断是否包含PRESSED标识,如果包含,移除长按的检查:removeLongPressCallback();
      3、最后把mPrivateFlags中PRESSED标识去除,刷新背景;
    MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE
    • 86到105行:
    • 87-88行:拿到当前触摸的x,y坐标;
    • 91行判断当然触摸点有没有移出我们的View,如果移出了:
    • 执行removeTapCallback();
    • 然后判断是否包含PRESSED标识,如果包含,移除长按的检查:removeLongPressCallback();
    • 最后把mPrivateFlags中PRESSED标识去除,刷新背景;
      private void removeTapCallback() {  
             if (mPendingCheckForTap != null) {  
                 mPrivateFlags &= ~PREPRESSED;  
                removeCallbacks(mPendingCheckForTap);  
             }  
         }
    
    • 这个是移除,DOWN触发时设置的PREPRESSED的检测;即当前触发时机在DOWN触发不到115ms时,你就已经移出控件外了;
    • 如果115ms后,你才移出控件外,则你的当前mPrivateFlags一定为PRESSED且发送了长按的检测;
      就会走上面的2和3;首先移除removeLongPressCallback
    private void removeLongPressCallback() {
            if (mPendingCheckForLongPress != null) {        
                  removeCallbacks(mPendingCheckForLongPress);   
         }   
     }
    
    • 然后把mPrivateFlags中PRESSED标识去除,刷新背景;
      好了,MOVE我们也分析完成了,总结一下:只要用户移出了我们的控件:则将mPrivateFlags取出PRESSED标识,且移除所有在DOWN中设置的检测,长按等;
      下面再回个神,回到View的onTouchEvent的ACTION_UP:
    3、MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
    • 26到69行:
    • 27行:判断mPrivateFlags是否包含PREPRESSED
    • 28行:如果包含PRESSED或者PREPRESSED则进入执行体,也就是无论是115ms内或者之后抬起都会进入执行体。
    • 36行:如果mHasPerformedLongPress没有被执行,进入IF
    • 38行:removeLongPressCallback();移除长按的检测
    • 45-50行:如果mPerformClick如果mPerformClick为null,初始化一个实例,然后立即通过handler添加到消息队列尾部,如果添加失败则直接执行 performClick();添加成功,在mPerformClick的run方法中就是执行performClick();
      终于执行了我们的click事件了,下面看一下performClick()方法:
    if (mOnClickListener != null) {    
                mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
                return true;
            }
    

    久违了~我们的mOnClickListener ;
    别激动,还没结束,回到ACTION_UP,
    58行:如果prepressed为true,进入IF体:
    为mPrivateFlags设置表示为PRESSED,刷新背景,125毫秒后执行mUnsetPressedState
    否则:mUnsetPressedState.run();立即执行;也就是不管咋样,最后mUnsetPressedState.run()都会执行;
    看看这个UnsetPressedState主要干什么:

      private final class UnsetPressedState implements Runnable {
            public void run() {
                setPressed(false);
            }
        }
     public void setPressed(boolean pressed) {
            if (pressed) {
                mPrivateFlags |= PRESSED;
            } else {
                mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
            }
            refreshDrawableState();
            dispatchSetPressed(pressed);
        }
    

    把我们的mPrivateFlags中的PRESSED取消,然后刷新背景,把setPress转发下去。
    ACTION_UP的最后一行:removeTapCallback(),如果mPendingCheckForTap不为null,移除;

    4、总结

    好了,代码跨度还是相当大的,下面需要总结下:

    1、整个View的事件转发流程是:

    View.dispatchEvent->View.setOnTouchListener->View.onTouchEvent
    在dispatchTouchEvent中会进行OnTouchListener的判断,如果OnTouchListener不为null且返回true,则表示事件被消费,onTouchEvent不会被执行;否则执行onTouchEvent。

    2、onTouchEvent中的DOWN,MOVE,UP

    DOWN时:

    • 首先设置标志为PREPRESSED,设置mHasPerformedLongPress=false ;然后发出一个115ms后的mPendingCheckForTap;
    • 如果115ms内没有触发UP,则将标志置为PRESSED,清除PREPRESSED标志,同时发出一个延时为500-115ms的,检测长按任务消息;
    • 如果500ms内(从DOWN触发开始算),则会触发LongClickListener:
      此时如果LongClickListener不为null,则会执行回调,同时如果LongClickListener.onClick返回true,才把mHasPerformedLongPress设置为true;否则mHasPerformedLongPress依然为false;

    MOVE时:

    • 主要就是检测用户是否划出控件,如果划出了:
      115ms内,直接移除mPendingCheckForTap;
      115ms后,则将标志中的PRESSED去除,同时移除长按的检查:removeLongPressCallback();

    UP时:

    • 如果115ms内,触发UP,此时标志为PREPRESSED,则执行UnsetPressedState,setPressed(false);会把setPress转发下去,可以在View中复写dispatchSetPressed方法接收;
    • 如果是115ms-500ms间,即长按还未发生,则首先移除长按检测,执行onClick回调;
    • 如果是500ms以后,那么有两种情况:
      • 设置了onLongClickListener,且onLongClickListener.onClick返回true,则点击事件OnClick事件无法触发;
    • 没有设置onLongClickListener或者onLongClickListener.onClick返回false,则点击事件OnClick事件依然可以触发;
    • 最后执行mUnsetPressedState.run(),将setPressed传递下去,然后将PRESSED标识去除;

    最后问个问题,然后再运行个例子结束:

    • setOnLongClickListener和setOnClickListener是否只能执行一个
      不是的,只要setOnLongClickListener中的onClick返回false,则两个都会执行;返回true则会屏幕setOnClickListener
    • 最后我们给MyButton同时设置setOnClickListener和setOnLongClickListener,运行看看:
    package com.example.zhy_event03;
    
    import android.app.Activity;
    import android.os.Bundle;
    import android.util.Log;
    import android.view.MotionEvent;
    import android.view.View;
    import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
    import android.view.View.OnLongClickListener;
    import android.view.View.OnTouchListener;
    import android.widget.Button;
    import android.widget.Toast;
    
    public class MainActivity extends Activity
    {
        protected static final String TAG = "MyButton";
        private Button mButton ;
        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
        {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
            
            mButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.id_btn);
            mButton.setOnTouchListener(new OnTouchListener()
            {
                @Override
                public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event)
                {
                    int action = event.getAction();
    
                    switch (action)
                    {
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                        Log.e(TAG, "onTouch ACTION_DOWN");
                        break;
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                        Log.e(TAG, "onTouch ACTION_MOVE");
                        break;
                    case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                        Log.e(TAG, "onTouch ACTION_UP");
                        break;
                    default:
                        break;
                    }
                    
                    return false;
                }
            });
            mButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener()
            {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v)
                {
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "onclick",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });
            
            mButton.setOnLongClickListener(new OnLongClickListener()
            {
                @Override
                public boolean onLongClick(View v)
                {
                    Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), "setOnLongClickListener",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    return false;
                }
            });
        }
    }
    
    

    效果图

    mygif.gif
    最后,本篇博文完成了对View的事件分发机制的整个流程的说明,并且对源码进行了分析;
    当然了,View结束,肯定到我们的ViewGroup了,请点击:Android ViewGroup事件分发机制
    此篇文章原创是鸿洋大神

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