科学简史

笃学奖–Topic 1–A14571–甘比精读

Perpetual

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Meaning

①Continuing for a long period of time without interruption

Eg. We lived for years in a state of fear .多年来我们一直生活在恐惧中

②frequently repeated ，in a way that is annoying

Eg.How can I work with these perpetual time ?打扰不断，让我怎么工作?

③ lasting for the whole of sb 's life

Eg.He was elected perpetual president. 他被选为终身会长

Etyma（词根） ～pet=seek （追求，寻求）——centripetal （向心的）competent （有能力的,能胜任的）competitive （竞争的，好竞争的，有竞争力的）

Synonym

笃学奖–Topic 1–A14571–甘比精读

Assert

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Meaning

①To state clearly and firmly that sth is true

Eg.He continued to assert that he was innocent. 他仍然称自己是无辜的

②to make other people recognize your right or authority to do sth,by behaving firmly and confidently

Eg. I was determined to my authority from the beginning. （我决心一开始就维护我的权威）

③~itself to start to have a effect

Eg. Good sense assert itself （明智服人）

Etyma ~sert =join /insert （加入，插入，连接）——assertive（言语果断的，断言的）desert （沙漠，不毛之地，抛弃）exert（尽力，努力）insertion（插入，插入物）

Synonym

笃学奖–Topic 1–A14571–甘比精读 笃学奖–Topic 1–A14571–甘比精读

Empirical

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Meaning

based on experience or experiments rather than ideas or theories

Eg. There is no empirical evidence to support his thesis .(他的论文缺乏实验证据的支持)

Etyma ~peri =try，尝试——experimental (.实验的，根据实验的)，expert(老练的，专门的)

Falsify

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Meaning

If someone falsifies something, they changed it or add untrue details to it in order to deceive people.

Eg. The charges against him include fraud, bribery, and falsifying business record. (对他的指控包括诈骗，行贿和伪造商业记录)

Etyma~fail，fall，fault=err /deceive, 犯错误，欺骗，错，假——false（错误的，虚假的，无信义的，欺诈地）falsehood（错误，撒谎）

Hypothesis

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Meaning

A Hypothesis is an idea which is suggested as a possible explanation for a particular situation or condition, but which has not yet been proved to be correct.

Eg .Work will now begin to test the Hypothesis in rats …(现在将在老鼠身上做实验以验证该假设)

前缀~Hypo-=下面，次等——hypodermic(皮下的)，hypocrite(伪善者，伪君子)，hypomnesia(记忆力衰退)

Synonym

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Speculative

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Meaning

A piece of information that is speculative is based on guesses rather than knowledge.

Eg. The papers ran speculative stories about mysterious disappearance of Eddie Dongan(各家报社都刊登了有关埃迪.多纳根神秘失踪的猜测性报道)

Artillery

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Meaning

large, heavy guns which are often moved on wheels

Eg. The town is under heavy artillery fire (该市镇处于密集的炮火之下)

Geocentric

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Meaning

with the earth as the center

Eg. What is a geocentric orbit? (一个以地球为中心的轨道是什么?)

Phlogiston

笃学奖–Topic 1–A14571–甘比精读 笃学奖–Topic 1–A14571–甘比精读

Meaning

A hypothetical substance once believed to be present in all combustible materials and to be released during burning.

Eg.A thing was inflammable if it contained phlogiston (.一样东西如果含有燃素，它就能燃烧)

补充

Apparatus

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Meaning

①The tools or other pieces of equipment that are needed for a particular activity or task

Eg. Firefighters needed breathing apparatus to enter the burning house. (消防员需要呼吸器以便进入燃烧的大楼)

②the structure of a political party or a government

Eg. For many years, the country had been buried under th apparatus of the regime. (多年来，这个国家一直处于该政权机构的高压统治下)

Synonym

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Giants

Meaning

something that is described as giant is much larger or more important than most of its kind.

Eg. Italy 's giant car market, Fiat. (意大利汽车生产巨头菲亚特公司)

笃学奖–Topic 1–A14571–甘比精读

Eclipse

笃学奖–Topic 1–A14571–甘比精读 笃学奖–Topic 1–A14571–甘比精读

Meaning

A loss of importance, power, etc . Especially because sb /sth else has become more important, powerful, etc.

Eg. The election result marked the eclipse of the right wings. (选举结果标志着右翼失势)

In eclipse (失势，失色)

Eg.His  political power was in eclipse (他失去了政治势力)

Immortal

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Meaning

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Navigation

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Magnificent

Meaning

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Synonym

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Monopoly

Meaning

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Motion

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Meaning

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Phases

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Etyma

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Discrediting

Meaning

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Inheritance

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Meaning

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Assembler

Eg.

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Homework,2.28

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