How to win it: the World Cup
全世界的球迷都会热切关注这样一个比赛，从今天开始，但只有五分之一的人口在一个晋级的国家。
① Fans around the planet will watch fervently from today—but barely a fifth of people live in a country that has qualified.
其他国家可以做些什么来发展出一个冠军球队？
② What can the others do to develop a trophy-winning team?
经济学人建了一个社会经济学的模型来之别出足球成功的原因。
③ The Economist built a socioeconomic model to identify what causes footballing success.
参与度，总体兴趣，有钱都有很大作用。
④ Participation rates, general interest and wealth all play a big part.
不过有很多离群值在南美（比如Uruguay），西非（象牙海岸）和东欧（Croatia）。
⑤ But there are plenty of outliers in South America (Uruguay, for example), west Africa (Ivory Coast) and eastern Europe (Croatia).
他们给其他地方的有野心壮志的管理者们上了一课。
⑥ They hold lessons for ambitious administrators elsewhere.
首先，鼓励孩子发展创造力，不只是技术技能。
⑦ First, encourage children to develop creative skills, not just technical ones.
第二，球探广泛收罗有才能的年轻人。
⑧ Second, scout widely to snare talented youngsters.
第三，从世界足球知识网络中汲取养分，出口运动员到欧洲并进口老道的管理者。
⑨ Third, tap into football's global knowledge network, both by exporting players to Europe and importing wizened managers.
最后，要对联赛体制有很好的策划。
⑩ Finally, plan properly for the tournament.
对一些国家来说，意味着账算清楚。
⑪ For some countries, that means getting the accounting right.
没拿到工资的Nigerian球员上次举行了游行，同事Russia的教练在做没薪水的工作。
⑫ Unpaid Nigerian players went on strike last time, while Russia's coach went without his salary.
对英格兰来说，准备更加直接：多练点球。
⑬ For England, the preparation is more straightforward: practise penalties.
2018年俄罗斯世界杯（2018 FIFA World Cup）终于开始了，四年一度的足球盛宴正吸引着全世界人的目光，每个人都在支持和押注自己喜欢的球队。但对于这些球队来讲，虽然每个国家对自己的实力都有一定的认知，但是，体育竞技项目最大的魅力就在于，不到最后一刻，你永远都不知道会发生什么，比赛的结果也不会因为球队实力强而一定获胜。值得注意的是，在本届世界杯这几天的比赛中就发生了这样的事，冷门频频爆出，很多实力较强的队伍并不是像我们预料到的那样能够顺利赢下比赛，相反，那些看起来实力较弱的队伍却能突出重围，赢得比赛，引人关注。那么究竟有哪些因素可以帮助球队获得胜利？该如何打造一支足球劲旅？本篇新闻给出了一定的可参考的建议，如引进顶级教练，打造具有创造力的青年训练体系等 。
本篇课程首发于2018年6月21日
难度系数：★★☆☆☆
无用系数：★★☆☆☆
How to win it: the World Cup
① Fans around the planet will watch fervently from today—but barely a fifth of people live in a country that has qualified.
② What can the others do to develop a trophy-winning team?
③ The Economist built a socioeconomic model to identify what causes footballing success.
④ Participation rates, general interest and wealth all play a big part.
⑤ But there are plenty of outliers in South America (Uruguay, for example), west Africa (Ivory Coast) and eastern Europe (Croatia).
⑥ They hold lessons for ambitious administrators elsewhere.
⑦ First, encourage children to develop creative skills, not just technical ones.
⑧ Second, scout widely to snare talented youngsters.
⑨ Third, tap into football's global knowledge network, both by exporting players to Europe and importing wizened managers.
⑩ Finally, plan properly for the tournament.
⑪ For some countries, that means getting the accounting right.
⑫ Unpaid Nigerian players went on strike last time, while Russia's coach went without his salary.
⑬ For England, the preparation is more straightforward: practise penalties.
▍生词好句
fervently /ˈfəːv(ə)ntlɪ/: adv. 热切地；热忱地
qualify /ˈkwɒlɪfʌɪ/: vi. 晋级
trophy /ˈtrəʊfi/: n. 奖杯
socioeconomic /ˌsəʊʃɪəʊiːkəˈnɒmɪk, ˌsəʊsɪəʊiːkəˈnɒmɪk/: adj. 社会经济学的
identify /ʌɪˈdɛntɪfʌɪ/: vt. 识别出；找到
play a big part/role: 扮演着重要的角色
outlier /ˈaʊtlʌɪə/: n. 离群值；异类
hold lessons for: 为……提供经验教训
scout /skaʊt/: vi. 侦察 n. 球探
snare /snɛː/: vt. 把……纳入其中，俘获；下圈套，布陷阱
tap into: 汲取……的养分；利用……获得好的结果
wizened /ˈwɪz(ə)nd/: adj. 经验老道的
tournament /ˈtʊənəm(ə)nt/: n. 联赛；锦标赛
practise penalties: 练习点球
▍知识拓展
1. the World Cup
The World Cup is a gold trophy that is awarded to the winners of the FIFA World Cup association football tournament. Since the advent of the World Cup in 1930, two trophies have been used: the Jules Rimet Trophy from 1930 to 1970, and the FIFA World Cup Trophy from 1974 to the present day.
2. the Economist's goal
The Economist's goal is to "take part in a severe contest between intelligence, which presses forward, and an unworthy, timid ignorance obstructing our progress."
3. Outlier
"Outliers: The Story of Success" is the third non-fiction book written by Malcolm Gladwell and published by Little, Brown and Company on November 18, 2008.
In Outliers, Gladwell examines the factors that contribute to high levels of success. To support his thesis, he examines why the majority of Canadian ice hockey players are born in the first few months of the calendar year, how Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates achieved his extreme wealth, and how the Beatles became one of the most successful musical acts in human history. Throughout the publication, Gladwell repeatedly mentions the "10,000-Hour Rule", claiming that the key to achieving world-class expertise in any skill, is, to a large extent, a matter of practicing the correct way, for a total of around 10, 000 hours, though the authors of the original study this was based on have disputed Gladwell's usage.
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