前景
我们对Android的AOP有了初步的了解,但是其高门槛和学习成本还是让很多人望而却步。今天这里就给大家一个傻瓜式的AOP框架,这可能是Android最傻瓜式的AOP框架了。
butcherknife 介绍
乍看上去是不是有点眼熟,对我就是为了蹭JakeWharton大神的butterknife框架的热度,哈哈。这里 butcherknife我翻译成“屠刀”,意思是希望用最简单的方式能达到屠刀式的代码织入,能够完美处理Lambda表达式
butcherknife 使用
butcherknife是通过注解的形式定义切点,然后进行代码织入的,类似Aspectj,但是只有5个简单的注解,如下:
@Aspect
表明一个类是Aspect Class,且class必须是public,如
@Aspect
public class FragmentInjector {
}
@BeforeCall
方法调用前织入代码,如
@Aspect
public class FragmentInjector {
private static final String TAG = "FragmentInjector";
@BeforeCall(clazz = FragmentTransaction.class, method = "replace")
public static void beforeCallFragmentReplace(FragmentTransaction transaction, int containerViewId, Fragment fragment) {
Log.e(TAG, "beforeCallFragmentReplace: transaction = " + transaction + ", containerViewId = " + containerViewId + " ,fragment = " + fragment);
}
}
织入前的代码
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().replace(R.id.fragment, new BlankFragment()).commit();
}
}
织入后的代码
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
this.setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
FragmentTransaction transaction = this.getFragmentManager().beginTransaction();
BlankFragment fragment = new BlankFragment();
int containerViewId = R.id.fragment;
FragmentInjector.beforeCallFragmentReplace(transaction, containerViewId, fragment);
transaction.replace(containerViewId, fragment).commit();
}
}
@AfterCall
方法调用后织入代码,同上@BeforeCall这里不在累述
@BeforeSuperExecute
父类方法内部执行前织入代码,如果是子类没有重写父类方法的话,将强制实现该方法,且该方法只有只会在直接子类中只会织入一次,子类的子类不在织入,防止多次调用。
@Aspect
public class FragmentInjector {
private static final String TAG = "FragmentInjector";
@BeforeSuperExecute(clazz = Fragment.class, method = "onCreate")
public static void beforeFragmentCreate(Fragment fragment, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
Log.e(TAG, "beforeFragmentCreate: fragment = " + fragment + ", savedInstanceState = " + savedInstanceState);
}
@AfterSuperExecute(clazz = Fragment.class, method = "onResume")
@AfterSuperExecute(clazz = DialogFragment.class, method = "onResume")
@AfterSuperExecute(clazz = ListFragment.class, method = "onResume")
public static void afterFragmentResume(Fragment fragment) {
Log.e(TAG, "afterFragmentResume: fragment = " + fragment);
}
}
织入前的代码
public class BlankFragment extends Fragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
}
织入后的代码
public class BlankFragment extends Fragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
FragmentInjector.beforeFragmentCreate(this, savedInstanceState);
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
}
@Override
public void onResume() {
super.onResume();
FragmentInjector.afterFragmentResume(this);
}
}
@BeforeSuperExecute同样适用于interface,如下,且能适配Lambda表达式
@Aspect
public class ClickListenerInjector {
private static final String TAG = "ClickListenerInjector";
@BeforeSuperExecute(clazz = View.OnClickListener.class, method = "onClick")
public static void beforeViewOnClick(View.OnClickListener listener, View view) {
Log.e(TAG, "beforeViewOnClick: listener = " + listener + ", view = " + view);
}
}
@AfterSuperExecute
父类方法内部执行后织入代码,同上@BeforeSuperExecute这里不在累述
注解方法定义
这里有朋友可能观察到了注解下面方法定义的规则
- 方法必须是 public static
- 第一个参数是切点的this对象,后面的参数分别的切点方法的参数
- 除this参数外后面的参数类型是严格匹配,顺序和类型必须和切点方法保持一致
butcherknife 集成
在project根目录的build.gradle添加插件
buildscript {
repositories {
mavenLocal()
google()
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:x.x.x'
classpath "com.littersun.butcherknife:butcherknife-gradle-plugin:1.0.0"
}
}
然后在APP module的build.gradle应用插件
apply plugin: 'com.littersun.butcherknife'
在需要的module中添加注解的依赖
dependencies {
implementation "com.littersun.butcherknife:butcherknife-annotations:1.0.0"
}
交流
butcherknife 的定位是一个轻量级的AOP框架,可能没有AspectJ那么强大,可以修改切点代码执行过程。但是已经满足了绝大部分的使用场景,对比AspectJ,butcherknife可以完美处理Lambda表达式,以及强制重写父类方法然后织入代码。
大家如果还想了解更多Android 相关的更多知识点,可以点进我的【GitHub项目中】自行查看,里面记录了许多的Android 知识点。
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