需求
在做如美颜,滤镜等功能时,我们不能使用相机原生的AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer,而是需要通过其他方式将视频原始帧数据如RGB,NV12等等渲染到iOS界面上.
实现原理
利用OpenGL完成高效的渲染功能.本例中仅提供简单流程讲解,具体每行代码含义可在开源库中查询.
注意:
- 系统的
AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer仅能直接渲染从相机采集到的数据,当做美颜等功能时无法使用. - 本例仅实现了RGB与NV12两种类型视频数据的渲染,其他可根据需求自行添加.
阅读前提
- 音视频基础
- OpenGL基础
代码地址 : iOS视频渲染
掘金地址 : iOS视频渲染
简书地址 : iOS视频渲染
博客地址 : iOS视频渲染
具体步骤
1. 创建EAGLContext上下文对象
- 创建OpenGL预览层
CAEAGLLayer *eaglLayer = (CAEAGLLayer *)self.layer;
eaglLayer.opaque = YES;
eaglLayer.drawableProperties = @{kEAGLDrawablePropertyRetainedBacking : [NSNumber numberWithBool:NO],
kEAGLDrawablePropertyColorFormat : kEAGLColorFormatRGBA8};
- 创建OpenGL上下文对象
EAGLContext *context = [[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI:kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES2];
[EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context];
- 设置上下文渲染缓冲区
- (void)setupBuffersWithContext:(EAGLContext *)context width:(int *)width height:(int *)height colorBufferHandle:(GLuint *)colorBufferHandle frameBufferHandle:(GLuint *)frameBufferHandle {
glDisable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(ATTRIB_VERTEX);
glVertexAttribPointer(ATTRIB_VERTEX, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 2 * sizeof(GLfloat), 0);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(ATTRIB_TEXCOORD);
glVertexAttribPointer(ATTRIB_TEXCOORD, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 2 * sizeof(GLfloat), 0);
glGenFramebuffers(1, frameBufferHandle);
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, *frameBufferHandle);
glGenRenderbuffers(1, colorBufferHandle);
glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, *colorBufferHandle);
[context renderbufferStorage:GL_RENDERBUFFER fromDrawable:(CAEAGLLayer *)self.layer];
glGetRenderbufferParameteriv(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_RENDERBUFFER_WIDTH , width);
glGetRenderbufferParameteriv(GL_RENDERBUFFER, GL_RENDERBUFFER_HEIGHT, height);
glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_RENDERBUFFER, *colorBufferHandle);
}
- 加载着色器
着色器本Demo中只添加了NV12格式与RGB格式两种原始视频数据.
- (void)loadShaderWithBufferType:(XDXPixelBufferType)type {
GLuint vertShader, fragShader;
NSURL *vertShaderURL, *fragShaderURL;
NSString *shaderName;
GLuint program;
program = glCreateProgram();
if (type == XDXPixelBufferTypeNV12) {
shaderName = @"XDXPreviewNV12Shader";
_nv12Program = program;
} else if (type == XDXPixelBufferTypeRGB) {
shaderName = @"XDXPreviewRGBShader";
_rgbProgram = program;
}
vertShaderURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:shaderName withExtension:@"vsh"];
if (![self compileShader:&vertShader type:GL_VERTEX_SHADER URL:vertShaderURL]) {
log4cplus_error(kModuleName, "Failed to compile vertex shader");
return;
}
fragShaderURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:shaderName withExtension:@"fsh"];
if (![self compileShader:&fragShader type:GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER URL:fragShaderURL]) {
log4cplus_error(kModuleName, "Failed to compile fragment shader");
return;
}
glAttachShader(program, vertShader);
glAttachShader(program, fragShader);
glBindAttribLocation(program, ATTRIB_VERTEX , "position");
glBindAttribLocation(program, ATTRIB_TEXCOORD, "inputTextureCoordinate");
if (![self linkProgram:program]) {
if (vertShader) {
glDeleteShader(vertShader);
vertShader = 0;
}
if (fragShader) {
glDeleteShader(fragShader);
fragShader = 0;
}
if (program) {
glDeleteProgram(program);
program = 0;
}
return;
}
if (type == XDXPixelBufferTypeNV12) {
uniforms[UNIFORM_Y] = glGetUniformLocation(program , "luminanceTexture");
uniforms[UNIFORM_UV] = glGetUniformLocation(program, "chrominanceTexture");
uniforms[UNIFORM_COLOR_CONVERSION_MATRIX] = glGetUniformLocation(program, "colorConversionMatrix");
} else if (type == XDXPixelBufferTypeRGB) {
_displayInputTextureUniform = glGetUniformLocation(program, "inputImageTexture");
}
if (vertShader) {
glDetachShader(program, vertShader);
glDeleteShader(vertShader);
}
if (fragShader) {
glDetachShader(program, fragShader);
glDeleteShader(fragShader);
}
}
- (BOOL)compileShader:(GLuint *)shader type:(GLenum)type URL:(NSURL *)URL {
NSError *error;
NSString *sourceString = [[NSString alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:URL
encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding
error:&error];
if (sourceString == nil) {
log4cplus_error(kModuleName, "Failed to load vertex shader: %s", [error localizedDescription].UTF8String);
return NO;
}
GLint status;
const GLchar *source;
source = (GLchar *)[sourceString UTF8String];
*shader = glCreateShader(type);
glShaderSource(*shader, 1, &source, NULL);
glCompileShader(*shader);
glGetShaderiv(*shader, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &status);
if (status == 0) {
glDeleteShader(*shader);
return NO;
}
return YES;
}
- (BOOL)linkProgram:(GLuint)prog {
GLint status;
glLinkProgram(prog);
glGetProgramiv(prog, GL_LINK_STATUS, &status);
if (status == 0) {
return NO;
}
return YES;
}
- 创建视频纹理缓存区
if (!*videoTextureCache) {
CVReturn err = CVOpenGLESTextureCacheCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, NULL, context, NULL, videoTextureCache);
if (err != noErr)
log4cplus_error(kModuleName, "Error at CVOpenGLESTextureCacheCreate %d",err);
}
2. 将pixelBuffer渲染到屏幕
- 开始渲染前先清空缓存数据
- (void)cleanUpTextures {
if (_lumaTexture) {
CFRelease(_lumaTexture);
_lumaTexture = NULL;
}
if (_chromaTexture) {
CFRelease(_chromaTexture);
_chromaTexture = NULL;
}
if (_renderTexture) {
CFRelease(_renderTexture);
_renderTexture = NULL;
}
CVOpenGLESTextureCacheFlush(_videoTextureCache, 0);
}
- 根据pixelBuffer格式确定视频数据类型
XDXPixelBufferType bufferType;
if (CVPixelBufferGetPixelFormatType(pixelBuffer) == kCVPixelFormatType_420YpCbCr8BiPlanarFullRange || CVPixelBufferGetPixelFormatType(pixelBuffer) == kCVPixelFormatType_420YpCbCr8BiPlanarVideoRange) {
bufferType = XDXPixelBufferTypeNV12;
} else if (CVPixelBufferGetPixelFormatType(pixelBuffer) == kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA) {
bufferType = XDXPixelBufferTypeRGB;
}else {
log4cplus_error(kModuleName, "Not support current format.");
return;
}
- 通过当前的pixelBuffer对象创建
CVOpenGLESTexture对象
CVOpenGLESTextureRef lumaTexture,chromaTexture,renderTexture;
if (bufferType == XDXPixelBufferTypeNV12) {
// Y
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
error = CVOpenGLESTextureCacheCreateTextureFromImage(kCFAllocatorDefault,
videoTextureCache,
pixelBuffer,
NULL,
GL_TEXTURE_2D,
GL_LUMINANCE,
frameWidth,
frameHeight,
GL_LUMINANCE,
GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
0,
&lumaTexture);
if (error) {
log4cplus_error(kModuleName, "Error at CVOpenGLESTextureCacheCreateTextureFromImage %d", error);
}else {
_lumaTexture = lumaTexture;
}
glBindTexture(CVOpenGLESTextureGetTarget(lumaTexture), CVOpenGLESTextureGetName(lumaTexture));
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
// UV
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE1);
error = CVOpenGLESTextureCacheCreateTextureFromImage(kCFAllocatorDefault,
videoTextureCache,
pixelBuffer,
NULL,
GL_TEXTURE_2D,
GL_LUMINANCE_ALPHA,
frameWidth / 2,
frameHeight / 2,
GL_LUMINANCE_ALPHA,
GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
1,
&chromaTexture);
if (error) {
log4cplus_error(kModuleName, "Error at CVOpenGLESTextureCacheCreateTextureFromImage %d", error);
}else {
_chromaTexture = chromaTexture;
}
glBindTexture(CVOpenGLESTextureGetTarget(chromaTexture), CVOpenGLESTextureGetName(chromaTexture));
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
} else if (bufferType == XDXPixelBufferTypeRGB) {
// RGB
glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
error = CVOpenGLESTextureCacheCreateTextureFromImage(kCFAllocatorDefault,
videoTextureCache,
pixelBuffer,
NULL,
GL_TEXTURE_2D,
GL_RGBA,
frameWidth,
frameHeight,
GL_BGRA,
GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
0,
&renderTexture);
if (error) {
log4cplus_error(kModuleName, "Error at CVOpenGLESTextureCacheCreateTextureFromImage %d", error);
}else {
_renderTexture = renderTexture;
}
glBindTexture(CVOpenGLESTextureGetTarget(renderTexture), CVOpenGLESTextureGetName(renderTexture));
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
glTexParameterf(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
}
- 选择OpenGL程序
glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, frameBufferHandle);
glViewport(0, 0, backingWidth, backingHeight);
glClearColor(0.1f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
if (bufferType == XDXPixelBufferTypeNV12) {
if (self.lastBufferType != bufferType) {
glUseProgram(nv12Program);
glUniform1i(uniforms[UNIFORM_Y], 0);
glUniform1i(uniforms[UNIFORM_UV], 1);
glUniformMatrix3fv(uniforms[UNIFORM_COLOR_CONVERSION_MATRIX], 1, GL_FALSE, preferredConversion);
}
} else if (bufferType == XDXPixelBufferTypeRGB) {
if (self.lastBufferType != bufferType) {
glUseProgram(rgbProgram);
glUniform1i(displayInputTextureUniform, 0);
}
}
- 计算非全屏尺寸
渲染的画面可能是全屏,可能是留黑边.
static CGSize normalizedSamplingSize;
if (self.lastFullScreen != self.isFullScreen || self.pixelbufferWidth != frameWidth || self.pixelbufferHeight != frameHeight
|| normalizedSamplingSize.width == 0 || normalizedSamplingSize.height == 0 || self.screenWidth != [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width) {
normalizedSamplingSize = [self getNormalizedSamplingSize:CGSizeMake(frameWidth, frameHeight)];
self.lastFullScreen = self.isFullScreen;
self.pixelbufferWidth = frameWidth;
self.pixelbufferHeight = frameHeight;
self.screenWidth = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;
quadVertexData[0] = -1 * normalizedSamplingSize.width;
quadVertexData[1] = -1 * normalizedSamplingSize.height;
quadVertexData[2] = normalizedSamplingSize.width;
quadVertexData[3] = -1 * normalizedSamplingSize.height;
quadVertexData[4] = -1 * normalizedSamplingSize.width;
quadVertexData[5] = normalizedSamplingSize.height;
quadVertexData[6] = normalizedSamplingSize.width;
quadVertexData[7] = normalizedSamplingSize.height;
}
- 渲染画面
glVertexAttribPointer(ATTRIB_VERTEX, 2, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0, quadVertexData);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(ATTRIB_VERTEX);
glVertexAttribPointer(ATTRIB_TEXCOORD, 2, GL_FLOAT, 0, 0, quadTextureData);
glEnableVertexAttribArray(ATTRIB_TEXCOORD);
glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP, 0, 4);
glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, colorBufferHandle);
if ([EAGLContext currentContext] == context) {
[context presentRenderbuffer:GL_RENDERBUFFER];
}
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