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世界

史上最严数据法生效，科技巨头该如何应对？

雪梨2018-06-07

雪梨

流利阅读内容负责人

哈佛大学语言教育硕士

雪梨读诗栏目创始人

今日导读

2016 年 4 月 14 日，欧洲议会投票通过了商讨 4 年的《通用数据保护条例》，今年 5 月 25 日，该项法案正式生效。根据该法案，任何在欧盟设立机构的企业或向欧盟境内提供产品和服务的企业，在处理欧盟境内个人的数据时都受到约束，除非这些企业放弃欧盟 5 亿发达人口市场。全球涉欧大企业会做出怎样的应对措施？快跟着雪梨老师一起来读一读《纽约时报》的相关报道吧！

带着问题听讲解

Q1: “flood” 和 “cement” 作动词时是什么意思？

Q2: 科技巨头对 GDPR 采取了哪些应对措施？

Q3: 新闻中有哪几个词表示“监督”？

新闻正文

Europe, enacting new privacy laws, becomes world's foremost tech watchdog

新隐私法生效，欧洲成为世界首要科技监察机构

The notices are flooding people's inboxes en masse, from large technology companies including Facebook and Uber and even from parent teacher associations, children's soccer clubs and yoga instructors. "Here is an update to our privacy policy," they say.

大量通知如洪水般涌入人们的收件箱，这些通知来自包括脸书和优步这样的科技公司，甚至也来自家长教师联合会，孩子的足球俱乐部还有瑜伽教练。通知里写到：“这里是我们隐私政策的更新内容。”

All are acting because the European Union on Friday enacts the world's toughest rules to protect people's online data. And with the internet's borderless nature, the regulations are set to have an outsize impact far beyond just Europe.

这一切举动都是因为欧盟在周五通过了世界上最严的规定，来保护人们的网络数据。由于互联网本无国界，这些规则很有可能影响巨大，远远超出了欧洲的范围。

Europe's new privacy measures, known as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR for short), let people reduce the trail of information left when browsing social media, reading the news or shopping online. Individuals will be able to request the data that companies hold on them, and demand it be deleted.

欧洲的新隐私政策被称为《通用数据保护条例》（简称 GDPR），能够让人们减少浏览社交媒体、看新闻和网购所留下的信息痕迹。每位网民都能向企业索要其保留的相关用户数据，还可以要求企业删除这些数据。

Europe is determined to cement its role as the world's foremost tech watchdog — and the region is only getting started. Authorities in Brussels and in the European Union's 28 member countries are also setting the bar for stricter enforcement of antitrust laws against tech behemoths and are paving the way for tougher tax policies on the companies.

欧洲下定决心打算巩固其作为世界上最重要的科技监察机构的地位——而且欧洲只是刚刚开始起步。布鲁塞尔和欧盟的 28 个成员国当局正在设立标准，以期更严格地贯彻针对科技巨头的反垄断法，此外，它们打算针对这些公司实施更严苛的税收政策，并正为此积极创造着条件。

To meet GDPR's requirements, Facebook and Google have deployed hundreds of employees to overhaul how they give users access to their own privacy settings and to redesign certain products that may have sucked up too much user data. Facebook said it had roughly 1,000 people working on the initiative globally, including engineers, product managers and lawyers.

为了达到《通用数据保护条例》的要求，脸书和谷歌调动了上百名员工，全面整改他们授权用户访问其隐私设置的方式，并且重新设计某些可能吸取过多用户数据的产品。脸书表示，他们有将近 1,000 人在全球范围内落实该方案，包括工程师，产品经理和律师。

Challenges remain over how GDPR will be enforced. National regulators across Europe will be charged with policing the regulations, but many have woefully fewer resources in comparison to the companies they will be overseeing.

《通用数据保护条例》想要真正落地，还将面临种种挑战。欧洲的国家监管机构将承担起监督规章的责任，然而比起他们将要监管的公司来说，监管机构拥有的资源少之又少，真是一个令人悲伤的事实。

—————  文章来源 / 纽约时报

重点词汇

enact/ɪˈnækt/

v. 将…制定成法律；通过（法案）

foremost /ˈfɔːrmoʊst/

adj. 最重要的

e.g.

first and foremost

watchdog/ˈwɑːtʃdɔːɡ/

n. 监察人；监察团体

outsize/ˈaʊtsaɪz/

adj. 超大型的；极大的

e.g.

outsize clothes / returns

trail/treɪl/

n. 痕迹；踪迹

browse/braʊz/

v. 随便看看；浏览

e.g.

You are welcome to come in and browse.

browse the website

cement/sɪˈment/

v. 加强；巩固

e.g.

The President's visit was intended to cement the alliance between the two countries.

antitrust/ˌæntiˈtrʌst/

adj. 反托拉斯的；反垄断的

bar /bɑːr/

n. 标准

behemoth/bɪˈhiːmɔːθ/

n.  巨头（指规模庞大、实力雄厚的公司或机构）

overhaul/ˈoʊvərhɔːl/

v. 对…进行彻底革新；全面修订

e.g.

overhaul the healthcare system

initiative/ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/

n. 倡议；新方案

e.g.

a United Nations peace initiative

a government initiative to combat unemployment

woefully/ˈwoʊfəli/

adv. 糟糕地；恶劣地

en masse

（法）一起；全体

e.g.

The young folk were emigrating en masse.

pave the way for sth.

为某事创造条件

suck up

吸收；吸取

e.g.

The sponge sucks up water well.

He can suck up as much information as you can give him.

拓展内容

视频小福利

下面我们就来看看美国消费者新闻与商业频道 CNBC (Consumer News and Business Channel) 出的相关科普视频来深入了解下 GDPR 吧。