【sed】sed 、awk 切割证书文件

用sed 在文本中的每行的开头和结尾加上双引号，实现将文本中每行用双引号括起来?

要在文本中的每行开头和结尾加上双引号，可以使用sed命令。以下是一个示例命令：

sed 's/^/"/;s/$/"/' input.txt > output.txt

这个命令将文本文件input.txt中的每一行开头和结尾加上双引号，并将结果输出到output.txt文件中。

解释一下这个命令的含义：

• s/^/"/：这个表达式将每一行的开头（^）替换为双引号。
• s/$/"/：这个表达式将每一行的结尾（$）替换为双引号。

请注意，这个命令仅修改了输出文件中的内容，并未修改原始文件。如有需要，请备份原始文件。

# echo | openssl s_client -showcerts -connect  www.example.com:443    2> /dev/null  | sed -n '/-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----/,/-----END CERTIFICATE-----/p' >  www.example.com.crt


# cat   www.example.com

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIGojCCBYqgAwIBAgIQIBUBPEzFSMNTpapm6VNb6DANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBV
MQswCQYDVQQGEwJDTjEwMC4GA1UECgwnQ2hpbmEgRmluYW5jaWFsIENlcnRpZmlj
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

# awk '/-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----/,/-----END CERTIFICATE-----/{print} /-----END CERTIFICATE-----/{print ""}'  www.example.com.crt


-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIGojCCBYqgAwIBAgIQIBUBPEzFSMNTpapm6VNb6DANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBV
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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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IPkcE28TRhQQKmDKI+DRIg==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIFjTCCA3WgAwIBAgIEGErM1jANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBWMQswCQYDVQQGEwJD
TjEwMC4GA1UECgwnQ2hpbmEgRmluYW5jaWFsIENlcnRpZmljYXRpb24gQXV0aG9y
aXR5MRUwEwYDVQQDDAxDRkNBIEVWIFJPT1QwHhcNMTIwODA4MDMwNzAxWhcNMjkx
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sQ7smCuOFR36k0sXgiFxEFLXUWRwFsJVaU2OFW2fvwwbwuCjZ9YMrM8irq93VCpL
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hxwG+3SYIElz8AXSG7Ggo7cbcNOIabla1jj0Ytwli3i/+Oh+uFzJlU9fpy25IGvP
a931DfSCt/SyZi4QKPaXWnuWFo8BGS1sbn85WAZkgwGDg8NNkt0yxoekN+kWzqot
aK8KgWU6cMGbrU1tVMoqLUuFG7OA5nBFDWteNfB/O7ic5ARwiRIlk9oKmSJgamNg
TnYGmE69g60dWIolhdLHZR4tjsbftsbhf4oEIRUpdPA+nJCdDC7xij5aqgwJHsfV
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BgNVHQ4EFgQU4/4t/SjQC7W6tqLEvwaqBYyT+y8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQELBQADggIB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-----END CERTIFICATE-----

#  awk -v RS='-----END CERTIFICATE-----' 'RT{print $0 RT > "certificate"++i".crt"}'     www.example.com.crt


# ll certificate*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2362 Oct 27 19:25 certificate1.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1965 Oct 27 19:25 certificate2.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1985 Oct 27 19:25 certificate3.crt

这个命令使用了 RS 变量来定义记录分隔符为 "-----END CERTIFICATE-----"，并且在匹配到的记录后追加记录分隔符。然后将每个记录的内容输出到不同的文件中。

解析该命令：

• awk：awk命令用于处理和提取文本数据。
• -v RS='-----END CERTIFICATE-----'：这个部分使用 -v 选项将 RS 变量设置为 "-----END CERTIFICATE-----"，即用于定义记录分隔符。
• 'RT{print $0 RT > "certificate"++i".crt"}'：这个部分是awk的模式和动作。RT 是awk中的一个内置变量，它包含了记录分隔符。当匹配到记录时，执行动作，将记录内容和记录分隔符追加到不同的文件中。文件名以 "certificate" 开头，后面跟着一个递增的数字 ++i，以及 ".crt" 扩展名。
• www.example.com.crt：这是要处理的源文件的文件名。

执行该命令后，将会在当前目录下生成多个以 "certificate" 开头的文件，每个文件中包含一个证书的内容。
文件名的递增数字用于区分不同的证书。