For Hayao Miyazaki, flight is a metaphor for freedom
对宫崎骏来说,飞行是自由的象征
对宫崎骏来说,飞翔是自由的象征
Hayao Miyazaki has spent his career conjuring up fantastical worlds full of outlandish creatures. “Spirited Away” (2001), which won an Oscar for best animated film, is set in a magical realm ruled by a bejewelled witch and populated by talking frogs, gremlins made of soot and a vaporous creature who emits gold nuggets from his fingertips. Amid today’s pandemic, one feature of Mr Miyazaki’s escapist movies is particularly intoxicating: his obsession with flying.
宫崎骏的整个职业生涯都在打造一个充满奇异生物的奇妙世界。曾获奥斯卡最佳动画片奖的《千与千寻》(2001年)描绘了一个由珠光宝气的女巫统治的魔幻世界,那里居住着会说话的青蛙,煤灰做成的小精灵,还有一个能从指尖变出金子的蒸汽怪。在疫情肆虐的今天,宫崎骏具有逃离主义色彩的电影令人沉醉其中的是:他对于飞行的痴迷。
宫崎骏终其一生都致力于创造充满奇异生物的幻妙世界。《千与千寻》(2001年上映,曾荣获奥斯卡最佳动画电影奖)的故事发生在一个由珠光宝气的魔女统治的魔幻王国里,那里居住着会说话的青蛙、由煤烟化作的小精灵以及一个能够从指间变出金子的空灵生物。在新冠疫情肆虐的今天,宫崎骏的超现实奇幻电影令人着迷之处在于:他对飞翔的痴迷。
Flight is in Mr Miyazaki’s blood. He was born in 1941 in Tokyo, where his father ran a firm that manufactured parts for Japanese fighter planes during the second world war. He whiled away boyhood hours inventing his own aircraft; at night he dreamed of gliding above the city.
飞行融入宫崎骏的血液中。1941年,宫崎骏出生于东京,二战期间,他的父亲经营着一家日本战斗机零件制造公司。他的童年时光都是在发明自己的飞机中度过的,晚上,他会梦到自己在城市上空翱翔。
宫崎骏的体内流淌着飞翔的血脉。1941年,他出生于日本东京,他的父亲在二战期间经营着一家制造日军战斗机零部件的公司。他的童年时光是在发明属于自己的飞行器中度过的;夜里,他会梦到自己在城市的上空翱翔。
Most imaginations become more earthbound with age, but as an adult Mr Miyazaki thought up a squadron of wondrous flying machines with designs that embody their pilots’ personalities. “Castle in the Sky” (1986) features a ragtag family of pirates who buzz around in “flaptors”, contraptions with transparent, flapping wings that resemble giant mosquitoes.
随着年纪的增长,大多数人的想象力也会变得世俗起来,而成年之后的宫崎骏却虚构出一组令人拍案称奇的飞行器,每架飞行器都体现出飞行员不同的个性。电影《天空之城》(1986年)讲述了一个下层社会的海盗家族,他们驾驶着一架名为"Flaptors"的精巧飞行器四处游荡,这架飞行器的机翼是透明的,像一只巨型蚊子。
随着年龄渐长,大多数人的想象力会逐渐向现实贴近,但成年后的宫崎骏却构想出了许多令人惊叹的飞行器,而每一个飞行器的设计能够彰显飞行员的个性。《天空之城》(1986年上映)的主角是一个下层社会的海盗家庭,他们驾驶着“flaptors”(一种有着透明机翼、飞起来像个巨型蚊子的精巧的飞行器)四处游荡。
He is a connoisseur of the sensory thrill of flight. His characters swoop over mountainous landscapes and arc through cerulean skies full of billowing white cumulus, leaving vapour trails twisting like ribbons in the air. When they dive into the clouds for cover, they make a splash as though sinking into clots of heavy cream.
他对充满刺激的飞行体验情有独钟。他笔下的人物常常翱翔于群山峻岭之间,在满是白色积云的天空中划出一道道弧线,留下如丝带般缠绕的蒸汽轨迹。当他们潜入云层寻找庇护时,往往会溅起一阵阵水花,仿佛跌入一团团浓厚奶油之中。
他善于描绘惊险刺激的飞行场面。他笔下的人物在崇山峻岭间盘旋,在朵朵白云的蓝天中翱翔,并在空中留下宛如丝带一般的航迹线。当他们俯冲至云层寻找掩护时,甚至还会溅起一股浪花,仿佛掉进了一团厚厚的奶油中。
In these animations, flying is about more than ingenious designs and sumptuous images. It also provides Mr Miyazaki’s deepest metaphors, standing for confidence, independence, the power of the imagination itself. Most of his protagonists are children undergoing rites of passage—the dislocation动荡 of moving house or trouble in the family.
在这些动画中,飞行不仅仅是巧妙的设计和华丽的画面。它更承载了宫崎骏更深刻的隐喻,即飞行代表着自信、独立以及想象力本身的力量。他笔下的主人公大多是在搬家的动荡或在家庭矛盾中获得成长的孩子。
在这些动画中,飞翔不单单是巧妙的设计和华丽的图景。宫崎骏还赋予了其最深刻的隐喻,它象征着自信、独立和想象力本身的力量。他笔下的大多数主人公都是正在经历蜕变的孩子——他们面对着迁居的不适或家庭中的麻烦。
Take Mei and Satsuki, the young sisters in “My Neighbour Totoro” (1988) who have just relocated with their father to rural Japan. Exploring their new home, they discover a tubby woodland spirit in the roots of a camphor tree.
以电影《龙猫》(1988)中的姐妹小美和小樱为例,她们刚随父亲搬到日本的乡下。 在探索新家时,她们在一棵樟树的根部发现了一只矮胖的森林精灵。
以《龙猫》(1988年上映)中的两姐妹小米和小月为例,她们跟随父亲刚刚搬至乡下。在探索新家园时,她们在一棵樟树的树根处发现了一个矮胖的森林精灵——龙猫。
A benevolent presence, Totoro soars above the countryside on a spinning top and takes the girls along for the ride. Gradually, as it emerges that their mother is gravely ill, these adventures seem more than mere flights of fancy. They are a form of solace.
这只精灵就是龙猫。善良的龙猫邀请两个女孩坐在自己的旋转陀螺上,带着她们穿行于乡间。渐渐地,当她们的母亲病重时,这些冒险不再只是一次次奇妙的飞行之旅,它更是一种慰藉。
善良亲切的龙猫带着两位女孩在乡村的上空翱翔。渐渐地,当她们的母亲病重时,这些冒险不再只是华丽的飞行,更是一种慰藉。
That is what Mr Miyazaki’s enchanting stories offer as the world waits for borders to reopen and planes to take off again. His most resonant film is “Kiki’s Delivery Service” (1989), which follows a charmingly wilful 13-year-old witch who rides around on a broom.
在全球等待边境重新开放、飞机再次起飞之际,宫崎骏一个又一个迷人的故事也给我们带来了慰藉。在他最引起广泛共鸣的电影《魔女宅急便》(1989年)中,便讲述了一个骑着扫帚四处游历的13岁魔法少女的故事。
当我们等待各国边境重新开放、飞机重新起飞之际,宫崎骏这些令人着迷的故事也正在给我们提供慰藉。1989年上映的《魔女宅急便》是他最能引发共鸣的一部电影,这部影片讲述了一个骑着扫帚四处游历的13岁魔法少女的故事。
Determined to find her way in the world, she sets up a courier company to profit from her ability to fly. But when business slows and she suffers her first bout of boy trouble, she loses heart and her powers of levitation, too. “We fly with our spirit,” she says as she tries to restore her confidence, take to the skies and get her life going again. Sound familiar?
她决心出去闯荡一番,于是成立了一家快递公司,靠自己的飞行能力谋生。但当生意不景气,又第一次遭遇爱情失利时,她丢失了信心,同时,也失去了自己的飞行能力。“我们用心飞翔,”她说,她试着恢复信心,于是,她再次飞向天空,开始了新的生活。听起来是不是很熟悉?
她决心去闯出自己的一番天地,于是她创立了一家快递公司,并利用自己的飞行能力挣钱。但当生意陷入困境、而她第一次遇到情感烦恼时,她不仅失去了信心,还失去了飞行能力。她说:“我们要靠着信念飞翔。”她努力让自己重拾信心、重新飞上天际,开始新的生活。这听起来是不是很熟悉?
注意:
1.Most imaginations become more earthbound with age, but as an adult Mr Miyazaki thought up a squadron of wondrous flying machines with designs that embody their pilots’ personalities.
随着年龄渐长,大多数人的想象力会逐渐向现实贴近,但成年后的宫崎骏却构想出了许多令人惊叹的飞行器,而每一个飞行器的设计能够彰显飞行员的个性。
这里的squadron的意思是一群,但文中直接翻译成了许多,用到了韩刚说的“of前后有讲究”的原则,如果of前是形象词或概括词,后面是具体词,则of前面的词可以考虑不译,我觉得也用到了“宏观化”的原则,即在中文里属于已知细节的部分完全可以忽略,英文细节往往在中文里都是高度概括表达。
[if !supportLists]2. [endif]He is a connoisseur of the sensory thrill of flight.
这一句机译过来是:他是飞行刺激的鉴赏家。connoisseur行家,内行,应该是说他善于描绘惊险刺激的飞行场面。
[if !supportLists]3. [endif]rites of passage是成人仪式,编辑译成了经历蜕变,翻得很贴切。
[if !supportLists]4. [endif]His most resonant film is “Kiki’s Delivery Service” (1989), which follows a charmingly wilful 13-year-old witch who rides around on a broom.
这里的charmingly willful迷人、任性没有翻译,体现了英译中”具体转宏观”的翻译原则。
[if !supportLists]5. [endif]A benevolent presence, Totoro soars above the countryside on a spinning top and takes the girls along for the ride.
善良亲切的龙猫带着两位女孩在乡村的上空翱翔。spinning top不译,“具体转宏观原则”
[if !supportLists]6. [endif]she suffers her first bout of boy trouble第一次遭遇男孩的麻烦,可理解为“爱情失利/第一次遇到情感烦恼
[if !supportLists]7. [endif]restore her confidence恢复信心改为“重拾信心”
[if !supportLists]8. [endif]Earthbound庸庸碌碌,世俗的
前面是我翻译的,后面是编辑的译文,对比之下,我的译文某些句子不够通顺流畅,有些词翻的也不够准确
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