一般现在时的用法及训练

作者: f39cff225668 | 来源:发表于2019-06-04 10:43 被阅读49次

    一般现在时在英语中学习中,是应用最多的一个时态,也是最基础的时态,是初中英语学习中的重点内容,在考试中经常会出现。所学生们对一般现在时一定要重视,在搞懂一般现在时的内容之后,多做一般现在时练习题才能真正掌握这个时态中的所有知识。

    首先要了解它的定义是什么,掌握住什么情况下会用到这个时态。

    1、行为动词一般现在时的用法:

    1)概念:经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。eg. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now. 

    2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。eg. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV. 

    3)表示客观真理 eg. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.

    其结构按正常语序,即“主语+谓语+其它”,有时为了起强调作用,时间状语也可提前.

    其句式变化可分为两种情况

     1)表示动作,一般人称作主语的,变否定句须在动词前加助动词don’t;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。 E.g. They have lunch at 12:00. They don’t have lunch at 12:00. Do they have lunch at 12:00?

     2)单三人称做主语的,变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn’t;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词does。

    E.g. Jenny speaks English very well.

    Jenny doesn’t speak English very well.

    Does Jenny speak English very well?

    行为动词的一般现在时常和表示经常性的时间状语连用:如often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等频率副词,on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。


    2、系动词be一般现在时的用法

    结构:主语+系动词(be--am\is\are)+表语

    E.g. Danny is a good student.

    Danny isn’t a good student.

    Is Danny a good student?

    系动词随主语的变化而变化,口诀:我I用am,你you用are,is用于她she他he它it,其余一律都用are.

    以上就是一般现在时的讲解以及它的结构介绍,相信大家对于该时态都有所了解了.

    学生常见错误如下:

    一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中

    例:We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.

    答案:plant

    解析:学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译,就成了“我们是在春天植树”。这是学习英语最忌讳的,要看语法是不是正确,在英语中,be是表状态,do是表动作,两种动词不能同时出现在句子中,

    可记住如下口诀:“英汉语言有差异,be 、do不能放一起,仔细琢磨细分析,语法千万要牢记。”

    自我检测:

    (一)、 单选

    1 Jenny ____ in an office. Her parents ____in a hospital.

    A work; works B works; work C work; are working D is working; work

    2 One of the boys_____ a black hat.

    A have B there is C there are D has

    3 We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.

    A don't rain Bdidn't rain Cdoesn't rain Disn't rain

    4 He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.

    A rose; set B rises; sets C rises, set D rise; sets

    5 Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.

    A like; listen B likes; listens C like; are listening D liking ; listen

    6 Jenny____ English every evening.

    A has study B studies C study D studied

    答案:1 B 2D 3C 4B 5B 6B

    (二)、填空

    1 I can take Li Ming there when he _____ ( come) to visit.

    2 _____your sister_____(know)English?

    3Her home____ _____ ______(远离 )her school.

    4The pot_____(not look) like yours very much.

    5 Where _____you____(have)lunch every day?

    6 Who_____(想要 )to go swimming?

    7 ______she_____(do) the housework every day?

    8 Jenny and Danny usually______(play) games in the afternoon .

    答案:1 comes 2 Does know 3 is away from 4 doesn't look

    二、单三人称形式易出错

    例:1 He plaies (play) football very well.

    2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10.

    答案:1 plays 2 goes

    解析:1以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变单三人称形式才能把y换成i再加es;2与名词变复数不同,变单三人称形式以o结尾的词要加es.

    三、在句式变换时易出错

    例:1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?

    2 Brian doesn’t lives (not live) in China.

    答案:1 Does have 2 doesn’t live

    解析:单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时,可记住如下口诀:“见助动,用原形”。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.g. He didn't go home yesterday.

    四、对do的理解易出错

    例:We don’t (not do) our homework in the afternoon.

    答案:don’t do

    解析:do是一个比较难理解的词,它有三个含义: a)是所有行为动词的总称;b)是助动词,无实义;c)是一个具体的行为动词“做,干”。此句中给出的do指“做,干”,not指把此句变为否定句,故须在do前加助动词don’t。

    五、对主语的数判断有误

    例: Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing.

    答案: is

    解析:表面一看是“我和李明两个人在北京”,但with在此做伴随状语,不能做主语,故用is.

    另外注意,宾语从句中,从句部分若是表示客观真理,不管主句是何时态,从句都要用一般现在时;在时间和条件状语从句中,主句表将来,从句要用一般现在时。

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