Children as young as ten are becoming dependent on social media for their sense of self-worth, a major study warned.
一项重大研究警告称，十岁左右的孩子们越来越依赖社交媒体来获得自我价值感。
It found many youngsters now measure their status by how much public approval they get online, often through "likes". Some change their behaviour in real life to improve their image on the web.
它发现现在许多少年衡量他们地位的标准是他们在网上获得的公众认可程度，通常是通过“点赞”。有些人改变自己在现实生活中的行为，以改善自己在网络上的形象。
The report into youngsters aged from 8 to 12 was carried out by Children’s Commissioner Anne Longfield. She said social media firms were exposing children to major emotional risks, with some youngsters starting secondary school ill-equipped to cope with the tremendous pressure they faced online.
儿童事务专员安妮·朗菲尔德对8至12岁的青少年进行了调查。她说，社交媒体公司让孩子们面临着重大的情绪风险，一些刚上中学的年轻人没有能力应对他们在网上面临的巨大压力。
Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly require users to be at least 13. The youngsters admitted planning trips around potential photo-opportunities and then messaging friends — and friends of friends — to demand "likes" for their online posts.
一些社交应用程序在孩子们中很受欢迎，尽管据说它们要求用户至少13岁。这些孩子们承认，他们计划围绕潜在的拍照机会进行旅行，然后给朋友以及朋友的朋友发信息，要求他们在网上发帖“点赞”。
The report found that youngsters felt their friendships could be at risk if they did not respond to social media posts quickly, and around the clock.
报告发现，如果孩子们不迅速、全天候地回应社交媒体上的帖子，他们的友谊可能会受到威胁。
Children aged 8 to 10 were "starting to feel happy" when others liked their posts. However, those in the 10 to 12 age group were "concerned with how many people like their posts", suggesting a "need" for social recognition that gets stronger the older they become.
当其他人喜欢他们的帖子时，8至10岁的孩子“开始感到快乐”。然而，10至12岁年龄组的人“担心有多少人喜欢他们的帖子”，这表明他们“需要”社会认可，这种认可随着年龄的增长而变得越来越强烈。
Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up "worried about their appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles they follow on platforms, and increasingly anxious about switching off due to the constant demands of social media".
朗菲尔德女士警告说，一代孩子冒着成长的风险，“由于他们在平台上遵循不切实际的生活方式，他们担心自己的外表和形象，并且由于社交媒体的不断要求，他们越来越担心落伍”。
She said: ＂Children are using social media with family and friends and to play games when they are in primary school. But what starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure in real social media interaction at secondary school.＂
她说：“孩子们在上小学时就开始与家人和朋友使用社交媒体，玩游戏。但是，从有趣的app使用开始，在中学的真实社交媒体互动中变成了巨大的压力。”
As their world expanded, she said, children compared themselves to others online in a way that was "hugely damaging in terms of their self-identity, in terms of their confidence, but also in terms of their ability to develop themselves".
她说，随着世界的扩大，孩子们在网上与他人进行比较，这种方式“对他们的自我认同、信心以及发展自己的能力都造成了巨大的损害”。
Miss Longfield added: ＂Then there is this push to connect - if you go offline, will you miss something, will you miss out, will you show that you don’t care about those people you are following, all of those come together in a huge way at once.＂
朗菲尔德女士补充道：“如果你离线了，你会错过什么吗，会错过机会，会不会表现出你不在乎你关注的人，所有这些都会以一种巨大的方式同时聚集在一起。”
"For children it is very, very difficult to cope with emotionally." The Children’s Commissioner for England’s study - Life in Likes - found that children as young as 8 were using social media platforms largely for play.
“对于孩子来说，在情感上很难应付。”研究“Life in Likes”的英国儿童事务专员发现，8岁的儿童使用社交媒体平台主要是为了玩耍。
However, the research - involving eight groups of 32 children aged 8 to 12 - suggested that as they headed toward their teens, they became increasingly anxious online.
然而，这项涉及8组32名8至12岁儿童的研究表明，随着他们走向青少年，他们在网上变得越来越焦虑。
By the time they started secondary school - at age 11 - children were already far more aware of their image online and felt under huge pressure to ensure their posts were popular, the report found.
报告发现，当他们11岁开始上中学时，孩子们已经更加了解自己在网上的形象，并感到巨大的压力，要确保他们的帖子受欢迎。
However, they still did not know how to cope with mean-spirited jokes, or the sense of incompetence they might feel if they compared themselves to celebrities or more brilliant friends online. The report said they also faced pressure to respond to messages at all hours of the day—especially at secondary school when more youngsters have mobile phones.
然而，他们仍然不知道如何应对卑鄙的笑话，或者如果他们把自己和名人或者网上更优秀的朋友作比较，他们可能会感到无能。报告称，他们还面临着全天回复信息的压力，尤其是在中学，因为越来越多的年轻人有手机。
The Children’s Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more to prepare children for the emotional minefield they faced online. And she said social media companies must also "take more responsibility". They should either monitor their websites better so that children do not sign up too early, or they should adjust their websites to the needs of younger users.
儿童事务专员表示，学校和家长现在必须做更多的工作，让孩子们为网上面临的情绪雷区做好准备。她还表示，社交媒体公司也必须“承担更多责任”。他们要么应该更好地监控自己的网站，这样孩子们就不会过早注册，要么应该根据年轻用户的需求调整自己的网站。
Javed Khan, of children’s charity Barnardo’s, said: "It’s vital that new compulsory age-appropriate relationship and sex education lessons in England should help equip children to deal with the growing demands of social media."
儿童慈善机构Barnardo's的Javed Khan说：“至关重要的是，英国新的适龄义务恋爱和性教育课程应该有助于让孩子们应对社交媒体日益增长的需求。”
"It’s also hugely important for parents to know which apps their children are using."
“父母知道孩子在使用哪些app也非常重要。”
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