漆是天然的,滴漆入土,千年不腐；漆器是中国的,流淌着中华文化的血脉。集漆艺发展之大成的明清漆器,以其作品题材的丰富性,工艺技法的复合性,纹饰、色彩的多样性,从一个时代断面向我们展示了中国漆艺文化无穷魅力。透过一件件精美的漆器,任思绪流连于漆艺发展的流程,赏鉴漆艺的流变之美、亲合之美、肌理之美、坚牢之美、气韵之美,岂能不感喟中华文化的博大精深。
Lacquer is natural, dripping paint into the earth, not rotten for thousands of years; lacquer ware is Chinese, flowing the blood of Chinese culture. Ming and Qing lacquerware, with its rich themes, complex crafts and techniques, variety of decorations and colors, shows us the infinite charm of Chinese lacquer culture from a cross-section of the times. Through exquisite pieces of lacquerware, let thoughts linger in the process of lacquer art development, appreciate the beauty of lacquer art's change, affinity, texture, firmness and charm, how can we not but feel the vastness and depth of Chinese culture。
明 龙纹漆器盘 直径32.7cm
英国罗斯柴尔德国际拍卖行
在中国漆器的收藏中,漆器又分为很多工艺门类,剔红、剔犀、螺钿、描金……每种风格各异,表现各有千秋。
剔红,即雕红漆,属于雕漆的范畴。始于唐代,制作方法是以红漆在胎骨上一层层髹涂,每涂一层必须阴干,如此反复直至数十层,然后在其上面雕刻花纹图案。高濂《燕闲清赏笺》称明代果园厂的作品“漆朱三十六遍为足”,由此可见剔红在雕漆中的重要地位。剔红漆器在明代永乐、宣德时期达到高峰。
In the collection of Chinese lacquerware, lacquerware can be divided into many kinds of crafts, such as picking red, picking rhino, screw and mole, drawing gold etc. Each style has its own unique style.
Red carving, that is, carved red lacquer, belongs to the category of carved lacquer. Beginning in the Tang Dynasty, the production method was to use red paint on the fetal bone layer by layer, each layer must be shade-dried, so repeatedly until dozens of layers, and then carved patterns on it. Gao Lian's "Yan Lei Qing Appreciation Note" calls the works of the Ming Dynasty orchard factory "36 times painting Zhu is enough", which shows the important position of red-picking in carving lacquer. The red lacquered ware reached its peak in Yongle and Xuan de period in Ming Dynasty.
明代宣德时期的剔红漆器,堆漆肥厚,刀工圆润丰腴。花卉禽鸟,云龙缠莲,往往密不见地。或稍露空隙,而无地可容锦纹。更有同一花卉,双层重叠,各自成章,穿枝过梗,或显或藏,耐人赏析,构图之精,令人叹服；山水人物,多分刻天、地、水三种锦地；盘盒周匝,或雕仰俯四季花,或雕香草边,浑厚工巧,兼而有之。
近日，国内的珠海亿缘文化也向世人展出了一件“宣德时期的龙纹漆器盘”，粲然成纹,流转自如,回旋生动,取得了比纯色雕漆更富于变化的装饰效果,得到了漆器收藏市场的一致好评。据介绍，这件“宣德时期的龙纹漆器盘”的直径是37.2cm，文物保存完整，是由海外著名的艺术品拍卖公司英国罗斯柴尔德国际拍卖公司对外推荐的拍品。
明 龙纹漆器盘 直径32.7cm
In the Ming Dynasty, the red lacquer ware was decorated in the Xuan de period, the paint was thick and the knife was round and plump. Flowers, birds, clouds and entangled lotus are often invisible. Or a little voids, and no brocade. More the same flower, double overlapping, each into a chapter, wearing branches, or show or hide, tasteful, composition of the essence, amazing; landscape figures, more carved sky, earth, water three kinds of brocade; tray box around the turn, or carved up four seasons flowers, or carved vanilla edge, thick and delicate, both.
Recently, Zhuhai Yiyuan Culture has also exhibited to the world a "dragon-pattern lacquer plate of Xuande period", which has become grained, flowing freely and vividly. It has achieved more changeable decorative effect than pure carved lacquer, and has won unanimous praise from the lacquer collection market. According to reports, this "Xuande period dragon lacquer plate" is 37.2 cm in diameter, the cultural relics are well preserved, is recommended by the famous overseas art auction company Rothschild International Auction Company.
此件龙纹漆器盘，底部落“大明宣德年制”，为明前期剔红器之精品，极为珍贵。纹饰细密，双龙戏珠，龙头为平头形，凤爪为亦为平头形，两者平行相呼应。通身用剔红、剔黑手法描绘出夔龙纹及蛇纹。蛇纹刻划生动有力，蛇身鱼鳞纹清晰可见，有一遇风云变化龙之势，反应了此龙纹漆器盘拥有者具有至高无上的权利和地位。此龙纹盘经久未损，且制作精良，看其实物，将其捧在手中，叹息古人制作之美。作为罕见之物，恐存世者难寻其二，具有极高的收藏价值！
“漆器与陶器、石器一并创造了灿烂华夏文明，它集造型、绘画、传统繁复的漆艺于一身，未来价值前景看好。有收藏界人士乐观认为，当今漆器收藏更注重文化内涵及艺术表现形式，是对传统技艺的致敬，从收藏价值讲，高峰时期的艺术品预示未来巨大的升值空间。
This dragon lacquer plate, the "Daming Xuande Year System" of the tribe, is a fine product of the red-picking wares in the early Ming Dynasty, which is extremely precious. Fine decoration, Shuanglong opera beads, faucet is flat-headed, Phoenix claws are also flat-headed, the two parallel echoes. The whole body is red and black, which depicts Kui long pattern and snake pattern. The snake pattern is vivid and powerful. The fish scale pattern of the snake body is clearly visible. When the wind and clouds change, the trend of the Dragon reflects that the owner of the dragon pattern lacquer plate has the supreme right and status. This dragon pattern plate has not been damaged for a long time and is well made. Look at the real thing, hold it in your hand and sigh at the beauty of the ancients'making. As a rare thing, it is hard for the world to survive.
"Lacquerware, pottery and stone together create a brilliant Chinese civilization, which integrates shape, painting and traditional and complicated lacquer art, and has a promising future value. Some collectors are optimistic that today's lacquerware collection pays more attention to the cultural connotation and artistic expression, which is a tribute to traditional skills. From the collection value, the peak period of art indicates a huge appreciation space in the future.
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