Apache Shiro -- Java安全框架
执行身份验证, 授权, 密码学和会话管理

1, Authentication 认证 -- 用户登录;
2, Authorization 授权 -- 用户具有哪些权限;
3, Cryptography 安全数据加密;
4, Session Management 会话管理

Spring boot shiro

十分钟快速开始----流程

maven配置:

<!--版本号到maven仓库中查找-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
    <artifctId>shiro-core</artifctId>
    <version>1.4.1</version>
</dependency>

<!-- configure loggin -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifctId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifctId>
    <version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifctId>slf4j-log4j12</artifctId>
    <version>1.7.21</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
    <artifctId>log4j</artifctId>
    <version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

**日志log4j, xml配置: **( 文件名称: log4j.properties )

log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdout

log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n

# General Apache libraries
log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN

# Spring
log4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN

# Default Shiro logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO

# Disable verbose logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARN
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN

shiro配置文件:

[users]
# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
root = secret, admin
# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
guest = guest, guest
# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
presidentskroob = 12345, president
# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Roles with assigned permissions
# 
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[roles]
# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
admin = *
# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
schwartz = lightsaber:*
# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5

java文件:

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.ini.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.lang.util.Factory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;


/**
 * Simple Quickstart application showing how to use Shiro's API.
 *
 * @since 0.9 RC2
 */
public class Quickstart {

    // 使用log进行日志输出:
    private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);


    public static void main(String[] args) {

        //创建Shiro SecurityManager的最简单方法
        //领域、用户、角色和权限使用简单的INI配置。
        //我们将通过使用一个可以接收.ini文件和
        //返回SecurityManager实例:
        //在类路径的根使用shiro.ini文件
        // (file:和url:分别从文件和url加载前缀):
        Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();

        //对于这个简单的示例《快速入门》，创建SecurityManager
        //可以作为JVM单例访问。大多数应用程序不会这样做
        //而依赖于它们的容器配置或web.xml
        //webapps。这超出了这个简单的快速入门的范围
        //我们只做最基本的，这样你可以继续得到感觉
        //对的事情。
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        // 现在已经设置了一个简单的Shiro环境，让我们看看您可以做些什么:

        // 获取当前执行的用户:
        // Subject: 三大对象之一
        Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        
        // 通过当前用户拿到session
        Session session = currentUser.getSession();
        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
        String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
        if (value.equals("aValue")) {
            log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
        }

        // 让我们登录当前用户，这样我们可以检查角色和权限:( 判断当前用户,是否被认证 )
        if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
            // token: 令牌
            UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
            token.setRememberMe(true);  // 设置记住我
            try {
                currentUser.login(token);   // 执行登陆操作
            } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) { //
                log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
            } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
            } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
                log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                        "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
            }
            // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
            catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                //unexpected condition?  error?
            }
        }

        //say who they are:
        //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
        log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");

        //test a role:
        if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
            log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
        } else {
            log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
        }

        //test a typed permission (not instance-level)
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
            log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
        }

        //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
        if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
            log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                    "Here are the keys - have fun!");
        } else {
            log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
        }

        //all done - log out!
        currentUser.logout();

        System.exit(0);
    }
}

Spring boot 中集成

核心的三大对象:

• Subject: 用户
• SecurityManager: 管理所有用户
• Realm: 连接数据

spring Boot 整合 shiro 的包

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
    <artifctId>shiro-spring</artifctId>
    <version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency>

Shiro 三大对象:

• ShiroFilterFactoryBean
• DafaultWebSecurityManager
• 创建 realm 对象 需要自定义

注解

@RequiresAuthentiocation: 验证用户是否登录, 等同于方法subject.isAuthenticated() 结果为 true 时.

@RequiresUser:

​ 验证用户是否被记忆, user 有两种含义:

​ 一种是成功登录的( subject.isAuthenticated() 结果为 true);

​ 另一种是被记忆的( subject.isRemembered() 结果为 true).

@RequiresGuest:

​ 验证是否是一个gues的请求, 与@RequestUser 完全相反

​ 换而言之, RequiresUser ==!RequiresGuest

​ 此时 subject.getPrincipal() 结果为 null.

@RequiresRoles:

​ 例如: @RequiresRoles("aRoleName");

​ void someMethod();

​ 如果subject中有aRoleName角色才可以访问方法someMethod. 如果没有这个权限则会抛出异常AuthorizationException.

@RequiresPermissions

​ 例如: @RequiresPermissions({"file:read",write:aFile.txt}) void someMethod();

​ 要求subject 中必须同时含有file:read和write : aFile.txt 的权限才能执行方法 someMethod(). 否则抛出异常AuthorizationException.