越来越多的项目引入ARouter库来配合组件化开发,引入ARouter基本上成了项目标配,那么熟悉ARouter源码就变得尤为重要了。
ARouter的优势:
- 支持多模块使用,支持组件化开发
- 使用注解,实现了映射关系自动注册与分布式路由管理
- 编译期间处理注解,并生成映射文件,没有使用反射,不影响运行时性能
- 映射关系按组分类、多级管理,按需初始化
- 灵活的降级策略,每次跳转都会回调跳转结果,避免StartActivity()一旦失败将会抛出异常
- 自定义拦截器,自定义拦截顺序,可以对路由进行拦截,比如登录判断和埋点处理
- 支持依赖注入,可单独作为依赖注入框架使用,从而实现跨模块API调用
- 支持直接解析标准URL进行跳转,并自动注入参数到目标页面中
- 支持获取Fragment
ARouter源码主要组成部分:
- annotation: 定义路由表的结构,ARouter路由框架所使用的全部注解,及其相关类。
- compiler:创建路由表,注解编译处理器,引入“arouter-annotation”,在编译期把注解标注的相关目标类生成映射文件。
- api: 在运行期加载逻辑构建路由表,并实现路由控制。
源码分析
init
从ARouter的初始化出发开始进入源码:
fun initARouter() {
//配置在DEBUG模式下,打印ARouter的日志
if (BuildConfig.DEBUG) {
ARouter.openLog()
ARouter.openDebug()
}
ARouter.init(this)
}
必须在使用ARouter之前调用init方法进行初始化:
public static void init(Application application) {
if (!hasInit) {
logger = _ARouter.logger;
_ARouter.logger.info(Consts.TAG, "ARouter init start.");
hasInit = _ARouter.init(application);
if (hasInit) {
_ARouter.afterInit();
}
_ARouter.logger.info(Consts.TAG, "ARouter init over.");
}
}
变量hasInit用于保证初始化代码只执行一次。真正去实现初始化是调用了_ARouter.init方法,让_ARouter作实现类。ARouter作为暴露给用户调用的类,真正实现功能是_ARouter,将内部的功能包装在了_ARouter。
_ARouter中init方法代码:
protected static synchronized boolean init(Application application) {
mContext = application;
LogisticsCenter.init(mContext, executor);
logger.info(Consts.TAG, "ARouter init success!");
hasInit = true;
// It's not a good idea.
// if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH) {
// application.registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(new AutowiredLifecycleCallback());
// }
return true;
}
调用了LogisticsCenter.init方法,传入线程池executor。
LogisticsCenter.init方法:
public synchronized static void init(Context context, ThreadPoolExecutor tpe) throws HandlerException {
mContext = context;
executor = tpe;
try {
// These class was generate by arouter-compiler.
List<String> classFileNames = ClassUtils.getFileNameByPackageName(mContext, ROUTE_ROOT_PAKCAGE);
//
for (String className : classFileNames) {
if (className.startsWith(ROUTE_ROOT_PAKCAGE + DOT + SDK_NAME + SEPARATOR + SUFFIX_ROOT)) {
// This one of root elements, load root.
((IRouteRoot) (Class.forName(className).getConstructor().newInstance())).loadInto(Warehouse.groupsIndex);
} else if (className.startsWith(ROUTE_ROOT_PAKCAGE + DOT + SDK_NAME + SEPARATOR + SUFFIX_INTERCEPTORS)) {
// Load interceptorMeta
((IInterceptorGroup) (Class.forName(className).getConstructor().newInstance())).loadInto(Warehouse.interceptorsIndex);
} else if (className.startsWith(ROUTE_ROOT_PAKCAGE + DOT + SDK_NAME + SEPARATOR + SUFFIX_PROVIDERS)) {
// Load providerIndex
((IProviderGroup) (Class.forName(className).getConstructor().newInstance())).loadInto(Warehouse.providersIndex);
}
}
if (Warehouse.groupsIndex.size() == 0) {
logger.error(TAG, "No mapping files were found, check your configuration please!");
}
if (ARouter.debuggable()) {
logger.debug(TAG, String.format(Locale.getDefault(), "LogisticsCenter has already been loaded, GroupIndex[%d], InterceptorIndex[%d], ProviderIndex[%d]", Warehouse.groupsIndex.size(), Warehouse.interceptorsIndex.size(), Warehouse.providersIndex.size()));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new HandlerException(TAG + "ARouter init logistics center exception! [" + e.getMessage() + "]");
}
}
ClassUtils.getFileNameByPackageName方法做的就是找到app的dex,然后遍历出其中的属于com.alibaba.android.arouter.routes包下的所有类名,打包成集合返回。
拿到所有生成类名的集合后,通过反射实例化对象并调用方法,将注解的一些元素添加到static集合中:
class Warehouse {
// Cache route and metas
static Map<String, Class<? extends IRouteGroup>> groupsIndex = new HashMap<>();
static Map<String, RouteMeta> routes = new HashMap<>();
// Cache provider
static Map<Class, IProvider> providers = new HashMap<>();
static Map<String, RouteMeta> providersIndex = new HashMap<>();
// Cache interceptor
static Map<Integer, Class<? extends IInterceptor>> interceptorsIndex = new UniqueKeyTreeMap<>("More than one interceptors use same priority [%s]");
static List<IInterceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<>();
static void clear() {
routes.clear();
groupsIndex.clear();
providers.clear();
providersIndex.clear();
interceptors.clear();
interceptorsIndex.clear();
}
}
看各个加载类的接口:
public interface IRouteRoot {
void loadInto(Map<String, Class<? extends IRouteGroup>> routes);
}
public interface IInterceptorGroup {
void loadInto(Map<Integer, Class<? extends IInterceptor>> interceptor);
}
public interface IProviderGroup {
void loadInto(Map<String, RouteMeta> providers);
}
public interface IRouteGroup {
void loadInto(Map<String, RouteMeta> atlas);
}
IRouteRoot的实现将有@Route注解的module名添加到参数集合中,也就是groupsIndex。
IInterceptorGroup的实现将@Interceptor注解的类添加到参数集合中,也就是interceptorsIndex中。
IProviderGroup的实现将继承自IProvider的类添加到参数集合中,也就是providersIndex中。
init总结:
init过程就是把所有注解的信息加载内存中,并且完成所有拦截器的初始化。
getInstance()
通过new ARouter()创建或者获取ARouter单例。
build
public Postcard build(String path) {
return _ARouter.getInstance().build(path);
}
然后调用_ARouter中build方法:
protected Postcard build(String path) {
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(path)) {
throw new HandlerException(Consts.TAG + "Parameter is invalid!");
} else {
PathReplaceService pService = ARouter.getInstance().navigation(PathReplaceService.class);
if (null != pService) {
path = pService.forString(path);
}
return build(path, extractGroup(path));
}
}
这里出现一个PathReplaceService,它是继承IProvider的接口,它是预留给用户实现路径动态变化功能。extractGroup方法截取路径中的第一段作为分组名。
build方法会创建并返回一个Postcard(明信片)对象:
protected Postcard build(String path, String group) {
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(path) || TextUtils.isEmpty(group)) {
throw new HandlerException(Consts.TAG + "Parameter is invalid!");
} else {
PathReplaceService pService = ARouter.getInstance().navigation(PathReplaceService.class);
if (null != pService) {
path = pService.forString(path);
}
return new Postcard(path, group);
}
}
Postcard类部分代码:
public final class Postcard extends RouteMeta {
// Base
private Uri uri;
private Object tag; // A tag prepare for some thing wrong.
private Bundle mBundle; // Data to transform
private int flags = -1; // Flags of route
private int timeout = 300; // Navigation timeout, TimeUnit.Second
private IProvider provider; // It will be set value, if this postcard was provider.
private boolean greenChannel;
private SerializationService serializationService;
// Animation
private Bundle optionsCompat; // The transition animation of activity
private int enterAnim;
private int exitAnim;
}
navigation
跳转语句最后调用的是navigation方法,该方法来自于build返回的Postcard类型的类中。
public Object navigation(Context mContext, Postcard postcard, int requestCode, NavigationCallback callback) {
return _ARouter.getInstance().navigation(mContext, postcard, requestCode, callback);
}
最终调用的是_ARouter中的navigation方法:
protected Object navigation(final Context context, final Postcard postcard, final int requestCode, final NavigationCallback callback) {
try {
LogisticsCenter.completion(postcard);
} catch (NoRouteFoundException ex) {
logger.warning(Consts.TAG, ex.getMessage());
if (debuggable()) { // Show friendly tips for user.
Toast.makeText(mContext, "There's no route matched!\n" +
" Path = [" + postcard.getPath() + "]\n" +
" Group = [" + postcard.getGroup() + "]", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
if (null != callback) {
callback.onLost(postcard);
} else { // No callback for this invoke, then we use the global degrade service.
DegradeService degradeService = ARouter.getInstance().navigation(DegradeService.class);
if (null != degradeService) {
degradeService.onLost(context, postcard);
}
}
return null;
}
if (null != callback) {
callback.onFound(postcard);
}
if (!postcard.isGreenChannel()) { // It must be run in async thread, maybe interceptor cost too mush time made ANR.
interceptorService.doInterceptions(postcard, new InterceptorCallback() {
/**
* Continue process
*
* @param postcard route meta
*/
@Override
public void onContinue(Postcard postcard) {
_navigation(context, postcard, requestCode, callback);
}
/**
* Interrupt process, pipeline will be destory when this method called.
*
* @param exception Reson of interrupt.
*/
@Override
public void onInterrupt(Throwable exception) {
if (null != callback) {
callback.onInterrupt(postcard);
}
logger.info(Consts.TAG, "Navigation failed, termination by interceptor : " + exception.getMessage());
}
});
} else {
return _navigation(context, postcard, requestCode, callback);
}
return null;
}
大致可看出LogisticsCenter.completion(postcard);肯定是试图找到跳转的目标,如果找不到则让callback回调onLost,或者交给全局降级策略处理。找到则回调callback的onFound方法。
Interceptor
拦截功能是通过ARouter提供的interceptorService实现的。
public interface InterceptorService extends IProvider {
void doInterceptions(Postcard postcard, InterceptorCallback callback);
}
在_ARouter中的实现doInterceptions去做拦截处理:
interceptorService.doInterceptions(postcard, new InterceptorCallback() {
@Override
public void onContinue(Postcard postcard) {
_navigation(context, postcard, requestCode, callback);
}
@Override
public void onInterrupt(Throwable exception) {
if (null != callback) {
callback.onInterrupt(postcard);
}
}
}
简单来说CountDownLatch可以阻塞一个线程,知道内部计数器为0时,才继续执行阻塞的线程,计数器的初始值通过构造传入,通过调用countDown()方法减少一个计数。
首先会创建一个与拦截器数量相同的CancelableCountDownLatch初始计数值,每放行一个拦截器就countDown,并交给后一个拦截器,如果拦截则清0计数,并将拦截的Throwable存入postcard的tag字段,interceptorCounter.await();阻塞直到计数归0或者阻塞超时(默认是300秒),最后通过interceptorCounter.getCount()判断是否是超时,还是拦截或者放行。
可以看到拦截的过程都是在子线程中处理,包括Interceptor的process也是在子线程调用的,因此,如果想要在拦截过程中展示dialog等都需要切换到主线程。
inject
使用ARouter进行跳转传参,可以通过@Autowired注解属性来实现。而使用前必须要调用inject来实现自动注入。
ARouter中inject:
public void inject(Object thiz) {
_ARouter.inject(thiz);
}
_ARouter中inject
static void inject(Object thiz) {
AutowiredService autowiredService = ((AutowiredService) ARouter.getInstance().build("/arouter/service/autowired").navigation());
if (null != autowiredService) {
autowiredService.autowire(thiz);
}
}
然后调用了AutowiredService的实现类AutowiredServiceImpl的autowire方法:
@Route(path = "/arouter/service/autowired")
public class AutowiredServiceImpl implements AutowiredService {
private LruCache<String, ISyringe> classCache;
private List<String> blackList;
@Override
public void init(Context context) {
classCache = new LruCache<>(66);
blackList = new ArrayList<>();
}
@Override
public void autowire(Object instance) {
String className = instance.getClass().getName();
try {
if (!blackList.contains(className)) {
//核心功能
ISyringe autowiredHelper = classCache.get(className);
if (null == autowiredHelper) { // No cache.
autowiredHelper = (ISyringe) Class.forName(instance.getClass().getName() + SUFFIX_AUTOWIRED).getConstructor().newInstance();
}
autowiredHelper.inject(instance);
classCache.put(className, autowiredHelper);
}
} catch (Exception ex) {
blackList.add(className); // This instance need not autowired.
}
}
}
ISyringe是一个接口:
public interface ISyringe {
void inject(Object target);
}
它的实现是apt生成的,每一个带有@Autowired注解的类都会生成一个对应的ISyringe的实现。
private修饰的属性无法通过这种方式赋值,并且在赋值时会抛出异常。navigation的时候我们看到了将Uri参数存入Bundle的过程,然后将Bundle中的数据取出,并赋值给@Autowired注解的属性。
打完收工。
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