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【重拾View(二)】——LayoutInflater源码解析

【重拾View(二)】——LayoutInflater源码解析

作者: 被代码淹没的小伙子 | 来源:发表于2018-10-13 14:56 被阅读38次

    1.【重拾View(一)】——setContentView()源码解析
    2.【重拾View(二)】——LayoutInflater源码解析

    前言

    看了前一篇文章【重拾View(一)】——setContentView()源码解析我们了解到了Activity加载布局到过程,但是对于View的创建过程还需要进一步的了解。熟悉Android的应该都清楚,Android布局的一大特点就是XML文件,我们通过编写XML文件,便可以轻松的创建我们需要的View,这也是和IOS开发的一个很大的区别。但是当我们编写完一个XML文件,还需要生成对应可绘制的View对象,这时我们经常使用的方法便是LayoutInflater的inflate()方法。无论是我们自定义View通过还是Fragment还是我们上篇文章分析的Activity加载布局的过程,实质都是使用这种方式创建View。所以本篇博客便对LayoutInflater的源码进行分析。

    创建对象

    要获取LayoutInflater对象我们经常使用的有三种方式:

    1. Context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE) ;
    2. LayoutInflater.from(context);
    3. Activity.getLayoutInflater();
    public static LayoutInflater from(Context context) {
            LayoutInflater LayoutInflater =
                    (LayoutInflater) context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
            if (LayoutInflater == null) {
                throw new AssertionError("LayoutInflater not found.");
            }
            return LayoutInflater;
        }
    
    //Activity.java
        @NonNull
        public LayoutInflater getLayoutInflater() {
            return getWindow().getLayoutInflater();
        }
     //PhoneWindow.java
        @Override
        public LayoutInflater getLayoutInflater() {
            return mLayoutInflater;
        }
        
        public PhoneWindow(Context context) {
            super(context);
            mLayoutInflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
        }
    

    通过上面的源码,其实我们可以发现上面三种方式的最终效果都是context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);

    inflate源码分析

    我们最常用的inflate方法其实有两种

    public View inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root) {
            return inflate(resource, root, root != null);
        }
        
    public View inflate(@LayoutRes int resource, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
            final Resources res = getContext().getResources();
            if (DEBUG) {
                Log.d(TAG, "INFLATING from resource: \"" + res.getResourceName(resource) + "\" ("
                        + Integer.toHexString(resource) + ")");
            }
            //获取xml解析器
            final XmlResourceParser parser = res.getLayout(resource);
            try {
                    //解析xml文件
                return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
            } finally {
                parser.close();
            }
        }
    

    可以看到inflate方法其实就是做了两步:

    1. 创建XML解析器
    2. 解析XML文件成View并返回
      这里面我们要注意一下三个参数的传参,第一个当然就是我们的XML的id,第二个一般是我们传入的父View,第三个boolean注意当默认我们没有传值的时候,默认是root != null,也就是父View不为空则是true,为空便是false
      接下来我们来看一下inflate方法源码,看看是怎么解析xml文件的。
    public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
            //1.线程同步
            synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
                Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate");
    
                final Context inflaterContext = mContext;
                final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
                Context lastContext = (Context) mConstructorArgs[0];
                mConstructorArgs[0] = inflaterContext;
                //2.首先将root设置为result
                View result = root;
    
                try {
                    // Look for the root node.
                    int type;
                    //3.遍历寻找布局的根结点
                    while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
                            type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                        // Empty
                    }
                    //4.如果找到的不是根结点,则异常
                    if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                        throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
                                + ": No start tag found!");
                    }
                    //5.获取根结点的名称
                    final String name = parser.getName();
    
                    if (DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("**************************");
                        System.out.println("Creating root view: "
                                + name);
                        System.out.println("**************************");
                    }
                    //6.如果是merge节点
                    if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
                        //root不能为null,attachToRoot不能为false
                        if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                            throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid "
                                    + "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
                        }
                        //7.解析merge节点下的
                        rInflate(parser, root, inflaterContext, attrs, false);
                    } else {
                        // Temp is the root view that was found in the xml
                        //8.根据解析得到的节点名创建View
                        final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);
    
                        ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;
    
                        if (root != null) {
                            if (DEBUG) {
                                System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +
                                        root);
                            }
                            // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                            //9.根据父View创建LayoutParams
                            params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                            if (!attachToRoot) {
                                // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                                // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                                //10.如果不是attachToRoot,则将LayoutParam设置给View的属性中
                                temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                            }
                        }
    
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            System.out.println("-----> start inflating children");
                        }
    
                        // Inflate all children under temp against its context.
                        //11.递归解析子布局
                        rInflateChildren(parser, temp, attrs, true);
    
                        if (DEBUG) {
                            System.out.println("-----> done inflating children");
                        }
    
                        // We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
                        // to root. Do that now.
                        if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
                            //12.root不为null,并且attachToRoot,则将View加入到父View中,并将LayoutParams设置
                            root.addView(temp, params);
                        }
    
                        // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
                        // top view found in xml.
                        if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                            //13.如果root为null或者attachToRoot为false,则返回解析得到的View
                            result = temp;
                        }
                    }
    
                } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                    final InflateException ie = new InflateException(e.getMessage(), e);
                    ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
                    throw ie;
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    final InflateException ie = new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
                            + ": " + e.getMessage(), e);
                    ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
                    throw ie;
                } finally {
                    // Don't retain static reference on context.
                    mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                    mConstructorArgs[1] = null;
    
                    Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
                }
                //14.返回解析得到的View或者父View
                return result;
            }
        }
    

    首先可以看到,inflate方法是做了线程同步的,为了保证线程安全。紧接着在注释2处可以看到,首先将rootView赋值给了result,所以这里我们需要明白:

    有时候我们通过inflate方法加载的xml文件得到的View不一定是我们xml中的父布局,可能是我们传入的rootView,如果不明白这个,轻易的就将View强转成我们认为的xml中的父布局,便会产生类型转换异常

    接下来的注释3注释4可以一起理解,是对于XML文件的规则的校验,可以看到这里通过while循环查找布局中的根结点,当没找到规定的根结点,在注释4处当然便会抛没有找到根结点的异常。
    紧接着在注释5处可以看到在找到根结点后,通过getName方法获取根结点的名称,这时我们在注释6处就有一个关键的判断了,是关于对于merge结点的判断逻辑。

    if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
                        //root不能为null,attachToRoot不能为false
                        if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                            throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid "
                                    + "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
                        }
                        //7。解析merge节点下的
                        rInflate(parser, root, inflaterContext, attrs, false);
                    }
    

    这里可以看到如果xml的根结点是merge标签,下面有两个非常重要的判断条件,root==null|| !attachToRoot,当条件成立,便会抛出我们使用merge标签经常遇到的异常。这里细化分析一下,我们rootattachToRoot有多种可能。

    1. 没有传attachToRoot
      1.1 root=null,则attachToRoot为false
      》这时会抛异常
      1.2 root!=null,则attahcToRoot为true
      》允许解析merge标签
      2.传入了attachToRoot
      2.1 root=null,attachToRoot=true
      》抛异常
      2.2 roo!=null,attachToRoot=true
      》允许解析merge标签
      2.3 root=null,attachToRoot=false
      》抛异常
      2.4 root!=null,attachToRoot=false
      》抛异常
      这时这个逻辑就比较清晰了,当我们使用merge标签时,我们的root一定不能传入nullattahToRoot要不不传,传入只能传入true,所以这时就可以证明我们使用merge标签的规则了:

    使用merge标签必须有父布局,并且attachToRoot一定为true

    当完成这个判断后面便执行rInflate(parser, root, inflaterContext, attrs, false);方法,解析merge标签下的布局。关于rInflate方法后面我们后面再分析。

    final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);
    

    当我们的根布局不是一个merge标签,这时在注释8处,便通过createViewFromTag方法将我们传入的xml中的父布局创建出了我们需要的View对象。关于createViewFromTag后面我们再分析。
    当创建完父布局的View后,接下来还是和rootattachToRoot绕弯弯。

    if (root != null) {
                            if (DEBUG) {
                                System.out.println("Creating params from root: " +
                                        root);
                            }
                            // Create layout params that match root, if supplied
                            //9。根据父View创建LayoutParams
                            params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                            if (!attachToRoot) {
                                // Set the layout params for temp if we are not
                                // attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
                                //10。如果不是attachToRoot,则将LayoutParam设置给View的属性中
                                temp.setLayoutParams(params);
                            }
                        }
    

    有了上面分析的基础这里思路就比较清晰了,可以看到当root不为null,并且attachToRoot为false,则将根据root创建的LayoutParams设置给创建出来的View-temp。所以当root不为null的情况,当我们传入attachToRoot=false,则会把rootLayoutParam设置给创建出来的TempView,当传入的attachToRoot=true,则此处不会设置(注意是此处!)。
    紧接着在注释11处,解析完根结点后,调用rInflateChildren方法递归开始解析子布局。

    final void rInflateChildren(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, AttributeSet attrs,
                boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
            rInflate(parser, parent, parent.getContext(), attrs, finishInflate);
        }
    

    其实可以看到rInflateChildren方法实质调用的还是rInflate方法,所以后面我们会一起分析。

    if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
                            //12。root不为null,并且attachToRoot,则将View加入到父View中,并将LayoutParams设置
                            root.addView(temp, params);
                        }
    
                        // Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
                        // top view found in xml.
                        if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
                            //13。如果root为null或者attachToRoot为false,则返回解析得到的View
                            result = temp;
                        }
    

    这时会看到一个很重要的一点,又和rootattachToRoot这两个变量打交道了,不仔细梳理的话很容易被这两个变量搞混乱。这里看到如果root不为null,并且attachToRoot,则将View加入到父View中,并将LayoutParams设置(在addView中会设置)。并且如果root为null或者attachToRoot为false,会将result设置为解析的temp,则返回解析得到的View(最初是将root设置给了result)。
    到此我们的infalte方法其实已经分析完了,这里我们可以梳理一下关于rootattachToRoot的逻辑。

    1. root为null
      》如果root为null,则返回的就是xml中的父布局,并且该View也是没有LayoutParams参数
    2. root不为null
      2.1 attachToRoot=true
      》返回的是root,此时xml已经被加入到了rootView中
      2.2 attachToRoot=false
      》返回的是xml的父布局,但是此时xml的父布局没有被加入到root中,只是一个单纯的View,但是它有LayoutParams,是root类型的LayoutParams.

    rInflate方法解析

    void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, Context context,
                AttributeSet attrs, boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
              //获取深度
            final int depth = parser.getDepth();
            int type;
            boolean pendingRequestFocus = false;
    
            while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG ||
                    parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
    
                if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                    continue;
                }
    
                final String name = parser.getName();
    
                if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name)) {
                    pendingRequestFocus = true;
                    consumeChildElements(parser);
                } else if (TAG_TAG.equals(name)) {
                    //1。解析tag标签,也就是View.setTag
                    parseViewTag(parser, parent, attrs);
                } else if (TAG_INCLUDE.equals(name)) {
                    //2。解析include标签
                    if (parser.getDepth() == 0) {
                        throw new InflateException("<include /> cannot be the root element");
                    }
                    parseInclude(parser, context, parent, attrs);
                } else if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
                    //3。merge必须为根结点
                    throw new InflateException("<merge /> must be the root element");
                } else {
                    //4。创建当前节点的View
                    final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, context, attrs);
                    final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
                    final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                    //递归深度继续解析
                    rInflateChildren(parser, view, attrs, true);
                    viewGroup.addView(view, params);
                }
            }
    
            if (pendingRequestFocus) {
                parent.restoreDefaultFocus();
            }
    
            if (finishInflate) {
                parent.onFinishInflate();
            }
        }
    

    可以看到这里,首先获取xml的深度,然后依旧是while循环解析,所以下面就是各种标签情况的处理了。
    首先看到注释1处,可以看到是对于tag标签到解析,当时tag标签,则调用parseViewTag方法。

    private void parseViewTag(XmlPullParser parser, View view, AttributeSet attrs)
                throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
            final Context context = view.getContext();
            final TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.ViewTag);
            final int key = ta.getResourceId(R.styleable.ViewTag_id, 0);
            final CharSequence value = ta.getText(R.styleable.ViewTag_value);
            //其实就是setTag...
            view.setTag(key, value);
            ta.recycle();
    
            consumeChildElements(parser);
        }
    

    可以看到,这个方法的本质就是我们常用的setTag方法,也就是说我们可以有以下这种写法(虽然不常用)。

    <Button
            android:id="@+id/tag_btn"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:text="自定义带监听事件的通知">
    
            <tag
                android:id="@+id/tag_id"
                android:value="@string/app_name" />
    
        </Button>
    

    接下来解析的是我们常用的include标签,首先在注释2处,我们可以看到,include是不能再xml的深度=0的,应该也没人会把include作为xml的根结点吧。。。紧接着便调用parseInclude方法解析include标签内的布局文件。

    private void parseInclude(XmlPullParser parser, Context context, View parent,
                AttributeSet attrs) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
            int type;
    
            if (parent instanceof ViewGroup) {
                // Apply a theme wrapper, if requested. This is sort of a weird
                // edge case, since developers think the <include> overwrites
                // values in the AttributeSet of the included View. So, if the
                // included View has a theme attribute, we'll need to ignore it.
                final TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, ATTRS_THEME);
                final int themeResId = ta.getResourceId(0, 0);
                final boolean hasThemeOverride = themeResId != 0;
                if (hasThemeOverride) {
                    context = new ContextThemeWrapper(context, themeResId);
                }
                ta.recycle();
    
                // If the layout is pointing to a theme attribute, we have to
                // massage the value to get a resource identifier out of it.
                int layout = attrs.getAttributeResourceValue(null, ATTR_LAYOUT, 0);
                if (layout == 0) {
                    final String value = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, ATTR_LAYOUT);
                    if (value == null || value.length() <= 0) {
                        throw new InflateException("You must specify a layout in the"
                                + " include tag: <include layout=\"@layout/layoutID\" />");
                    }
    
                    // Attempt to resolve the "?attr/name" string to an attribute
                    // within the default (e.g. application) package.
                    layout = context.getResources().getIdentifier(
                            value.substring(1), "attr", context.getPackageName());
    
                }
    
                // The layout might be referencing a theme attribute.
                if (mTempValue == null) {
                    mTempValue = new TypedValue();
                }
                if (layout != 0 && context.getTheme().resolveAttribute(layout, mTempValue, true)) {
                    layout = mTempValue.resourceId;
                }
    
                if (layout == 0) {
                    final String value = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, ATTR_LAYOUT);
                    throw new InflateException("You must specify a valid layout "
                            + "reference. The layout ID " + value + " is not valid.");
                } else {
                    //把inflate方法又写了一遍,其实感觉Google这里的写法是可以优化的。。。。
                    final XmlResourceParser childParser = context.getResources().getLayout(layout);
    
                    try {
                        final AttributeSet childAttrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(childParser);
    
                        while ((type = childParser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
                                type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
                            // Empty.
                        }
    
                        if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
                            throw new InflateException(childParser.getPositionDescription() +
                                    ": No start tag found!");
                        }
    
                        final String childName = childParser.getName();
    
                        if (TAG_MERGE.equals(childName)) {
                            // The <merge> tag doesn't support android:theme, so
                            // nothing special to do here.
                            rInflate(childParser, parent, context, childAttrs, false);
                        } else {
                            final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, childName,
                                    context, childAttrs, hasThemeOverride);
                            final ViewGroup group = (ViewGroup) parent;
    
                            final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(
                                    attrs, R.styleable.Include);
                            final int id = a.getResourceId(R.styleable.Include_id, View.NO_ID);
                            final int visibility = a.getInt(R.styleable.Include_visibility, -1);
                            a.recycle();
    
                            // We try to load the layout params set in the <include /> tag.
                            // If the parent can't generate layout params (ex. missing width
                            // or height for the framework ViewGroups, though this is not
                            // necessarily true of all ViewGroups) then we expect it to throw
                            // a runtime exception.
                            // We catch this exception and set localParams accordingly: true
                            // means we successfully loaded layout params from the <include>
                            // tag, false means we need to rely on the included layout params.
                            ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;
                            try {
                                params = group.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                                // Ignore, just fail over to child attrs.
                            }
                            if (params == null) {
                                params = group.generateLayoutParams(childAttrs);
                            }
                            view.setLayoutParams(params);
    
                            // Inflate all children.
                            rInflateChildren(childParser, view, childAttrs, true);
    
                            if (id != View.NO_ID) {
                                view.setId(id);
                            }
    
                            switch (visibility) {
                                case 0:
                                    view.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                                    break;
                                case 1:
                                    view.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
                                    break;
                                case 2:
                                    view.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                                    break;
                            }
    
                            group.addView(view);
                        }
                    } finally {
                        childParser.close();
                    }
                }
            } else {
                throw new InflateException("<include /> can only be used inside of a ViewGroup");
            }
    
            LayoutInflater.consumeChildElements(parser);
        }
    

    这里可以看到include标签记载的布局必须是ViewGroup,不然会抛异常,剩下的仔细看的话会发现其实和inflate方法几乎一摸一样,只不过多了一些属性判断,其实感觉Google这里的写法是可以优化的。。。
    解析完include方法后在注释3处就是解析merge标签,这里可以看到,如果是merge标签,便会直接抛异常,当然,在rInflate方法其实已经是解析子View的方法了。

    merge标签只能用于根结点

    else {
                    //4。创建当前节点的View
                    final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, context, attrs);
                    final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
                    final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
                    //递归深度继续解析
                    rInflateChildren(parser, view, attrs, true);
                    viewGroup.addView(view, params);
                }
    

    剩下的就是其他常规View的创建了,利用createViewFromTag方法进行创建,创建完后调用rInflateChildren继续递归深度继续解析,然后加入到父布局中。
    最终完成整个XML->View的转换。

    createViewFromTag方法

    private View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
            return createViewFromTag(parent, name, context, attrs, false);
        }
        
    View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs,
                boolean ignoreThemeAttr) {
            if (name.equals("view")) {
                name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");
            }
    
            // Apply a theme wrapper, if allowed and one is specified.
            if (!ignoreThemeAttr) {
                final TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, ATTRS_THEME);
                final int themeResId = ta.getResourceId(0, 0);
                if (themeResId != 0) {
                    context = new ContextThemeWrapper(context, themeResId);
                }
                ta.recycle();
            }
    
            if (name.equals(TAG_1995)) {
                // Let's party like it's 1995!
                //1。彩蛋,BlinkLayout,好像是为了庆祝1995年的复活节,是一个Layout,包含后,会一闪一闪
                return new BlinkLayout(context, attrs);
            }
    
            try {
                View view;
                //2。几个工厂,可以通过Activity设置后,自定义创建
                if (mFactory2 != null) {
                    view = mFactory2.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);
                } else if (mFactory != null) {
                    view = mFactory.onCreateView(name, context, attrs);
                } else {
                    view = null;
                }
    
                if (view == null && mPrivateFactory != null) {
                    view = mPrivateFactory.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);
                }
    
                if (view == null) {
                    final Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];
                    mConstructorArgs[0] = context;
                    try {
                        if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {
                            //3。没有.说明是原生系统内的控件
                            view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs);
                        } else {
                            //4。有.说明是自定义控件
                            view = createView(name, null, attrs);
                        }
                    } finally {
                        mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                    }
                }
    
                return view;
            } catch (InflateException e) {
                throw e;
    
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                final InflateException ie = new InflateException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
                        + ": Error inflating class " + name, e);
                ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
                throw ie;
    
            } catch (Exception e) {
                final InflateException ie = new InflateException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
                        + ": Error inflating class " + name, e);
                ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
                throw ie;
            }
        }    
    

    这里我们首先看一个有趣的地方,那就是注释1,这里可以算是源码里的彩蛋,从名字上也就看出了这个的不一般~,这里提供了一个叫做BlinkLayout的控件,好像是为了庆祝1995年的复活节,是一个Layout,包含后,会一闪一闪。

    接下来会看到几个工厂的创建,如果我们实现了几个工厂,那么我们就可以自定义View的创建过程,这里关于工厂的内容后面一篇博客会进行分析。
    如果是常规的使用,我们一般不会使用自定义工厂这种方式的,所以到后面就是一个关键判断。

    if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {
                            //3。没有.说明是原生系统内的控件
                            view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs);
                        } else {
                            //4。有.说明是自定义控件
                            view = createView(name, null, attrs);
                        }
    

    这里通过标签名时候包含‘.’作为判断依据,如果不包含‘.’则说明是原生系统内的控件,如果包含则是自定义控件。而系统控件执行的onCreateView方法,实质也是createView方法,只不过加上了"android.view."的前缀

    protected View onCreateView(String name, AttributeSet attrs)
                throws ClassNotFoundException {
            //最终还是调用的是createView方法,只不过加上了"android.view."的前缀
            return createView(name, "android.view.", attrs);
        }
    

    接下来我们来看一下createView方法。

    public final View createView(String name, String prefix, AttributeSet attrs)
                throws ClassNotFoundException, InflateException {
            Constructor<? extends View> constructor = sConstructorMap.get(name);
            if (constructor != null && !verifyClassLoader(constructor)) {
                constructor = null;
                sConstructorMap.remove(name);
            }
            Class<? extends View> clazz = null;
    
            try {
                Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, name);
    
                if (constructor == null) {
                    // Class not found in the cache, see if it's real, and try to add it
                    //1。加入的“android.view.”的前缀在此处就会用于查找Class对象
                    clazz = mContext.getClassLoader().loadClass(
                            prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name).asSubclass(View.class);
    
                    if (mFilter != null && clazz != null) {
                        boolean allowed = mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);
                        if (!allowed) {
                            failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
                        }
                    }
                    //2。构造函数没有缓存,则直接反射调用构造函数,并缓存起来
                    constructor = clazz.getConstructor(mConstructorSignature);
                    constructor.setAccessible(true);
                    sConstructorMap.put(name, constructor);
                } else {
                    // If we have a filter, apply it to cached constructor
                    if (mFilter != null) {
                        // Have we seen this name before?
                        Boolean allowedState = mFilterMap.get(name);
                        if (allowedState == null) {
                            // New class -- remember whether it is allowed
                            clazz = mContext.getClassLoader().loadClass(
                                    prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name).asSubclass(View.class);
    
                            boolean allowed = clazz != null && mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);
                            mFilterMap.put(name, allowed);
                            if (!allowed) {
                                failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
                            }
                        } else if (allowedState.equals(Boolean.FALSE)) {
                            failNotAllowed(name, prefix, attrs);
                        }
                    }
                }
    
                Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];
                if (mConstructorArgs[0] == null) {
                    // Fill in the context if not already within inflation.
                    mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext;
                }
                Object[] args = mConstructorArgs;
                args[1] = attrs;
                //3。利用反射构造函数,进行创建View
                final View view = constructor.newInstance(args);
                if (view instanceof ViewStub) {
                    // Use the same context when inflating ViewStub later.
                    final ViewStub viewStub = (ViewStub) view;
                    //ViewStub会设置inflater
                    viewStub.setLayoutInflater(cloneInContext((Context) args[0]));
                }
                mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
                return view;
    
            } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
                final InflateException ie = new InflateException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
                        + ": Error inflating class " + (prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name), e);
                ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
                throw ie;
    
            } catch (ClassCastException e) {
                // If loaded class is not a View subclass
                final InflateException ie = new InflateException(attrs.getPositionDescription()
                        + ": Class is not a View " + (prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name), e);
                ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
                throw ie;
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                // If loadClass fails, we should propagate the exception.
                throw e;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                final InflateException ie = new InflateException(
                        attrs.getPositionDescription() + ": Error inflating class "
                                + (clazz == null ? "<unknown>" : clazz.getName()), e);
                ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);
                throw ie;
            } finally {
                Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);
            }
        }
    

    这个方法还是比较简单的,首先在注释1处我们会发现我们刚才加入的"android.view."的前缀会加入到class到全类名中,用于查找Class对象。
    紧接着在注释2其实LayoutInflater查找缓存中的构造器对象,避免频繁的调用反射来查找使用构造器函数。

    private static final HashMap<String, Constructor<? extends View>> sConstructorMap =
                new HashMap<String, Constructor<? extends View>>();
    

    可以看到这里就是一个类名作为key,构造器函数作为value的hashMap
    最后在注释3处通过反射调用View的构造函数,实现View的创建。

    final View view = constructor.newInstance(args);
    

    总结

    到此关于LayoutInflater的源码分析算是有了一个整体的认识,通过分析inflate方法我们其实不仅仅可以学习关于加载布局时rootattachToRoot的关系,还可以了解到关于include标签,merge标签,的使用规则。当然我们最终会发现其实LayoutInflater的实质就递归解析,解析到类名后,如果是自定义的则是全类名,系统的则自动加上“android.view.”前缀,然后通过反射调用该类的构造函数,最终创建出View。
    下一篇博客会继续分析关于LayoutInflater中关于工厂的使用,通过分析我们会发现关于fragment标签在系统的解析方式(本篇没有发现源码中有关于fragment标签的踪迹)。

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        本文标题:【重拾View(二)】——LayoutInflater源码解析

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