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笃学奖--科学简史-A16924-甘比精读

笃学奖--科学简史-A16924-甘比精读

作者: MAY_FIVE_ | 来源:发表于2017-03-01 22:08 被阅读0次

    Day1:第一天的单词总结作业

    1.perpetual: adj. unremitting/continuous

    E.g. How could I work with these perpetual interruptions?

    2.lay foundation for...为...奠基

    E.g. The builders are now to lay foundation for the new school.

    3.empirical:经验主义的

    E.g. Empirical evidence/research

    4.pick holes in: find fault with

    E.g. You don’t need to pick holes in Peter's performance.

    5.falsify--falsification--falsifiable: to change sth that it is no longer true

    E.g. The deliberate falsification of the company’s records.

    6.comet:彗星:是进入太阳系内亮度和形状会随日距变化而变化的绕日运动的天体,呈云雾状的独特外貌。彗星的运行轨道多为抛物线或双曲线,少数为椭圆。著名的哈雷彗星绕太阳一周的时间为76年。

    7.Alpha particle a粒子

    8.Artillery shell炮弹

    9.Crash down :在文章可以理解为fail

    E.g. Your plans totally crash down.

    10.proceed in : to continue doing sth

    E.g. Working is proceeding slowly.

    11 simultaneous-simultaneity: happening at the same time

    E.g. Simultaneous interpreting

    12.Vacuum pump真空

    13.scientific outlook科学观念

    14.Navigational aids航海设备

    15.Monopoly-monopolistic:controlling

    E.g.monopoly (on/of/in sth)

    A good education should not be the monopoly of the rich.

    16.ground-breaking: adj. Making new discoveries

    E.g. A ~piece of research

    17.magnet --magnetic:本文意思是:磁体

    (+意思):magnet for sb./sth有吸引的人、事

    18.Microscopic adj. --microscope(显微镜)

    ~creature微生物

    19:combustion-combustive: burning

    E.g. Internal combustion engine内燃机

    20:discredit v. To make sb stop believing sth

    E.g. These theories are now largely discredited among people.

    21:thermodynamics:热力学--研究热现象中物态转变和能量转换规律的学科

    22:rock stratum岩层

    23:leap-frogging ideas跳蛙式想法

    24:collider:对撞机(产生两股高速运动的粒子相互冲撞)

    25:take root:

    1)(植物) to develop roots

    2)(思想)to become accepted wildly√

    E.g. Militarism failed to take roots in Europe.

    26 : harbour life:contain sth

    E.g. Your dishcloth may harbour many germs.

    27: chromosome染色体

    28:daunting : intimidating -making sb feel nervous and less confident

    E.g. She has a daunting task of cooking for 20 people every day.

    29:sequence v./n.

    E.g. In/out of sequence

    A gene sequencing project基因测序项目

    (老师讲解后补充知识点---倍数用法)

    文中事例:

    "If one object had twice the weight of another, it would fall twice as fast."

    一:倍数增减的表示法

    A: 大于等于三倍

    1.用times 表示倍数

    2.词尾-fold表示倍数的用法

    3.可以用triple/quadruple/quintuple六倍/septuple 七倍/octuple  八倍/ nonuple 九倍 替代“基数词+times"表示倍数

    e.g. 你的房间是我房间的三倍大。

    1)your room is three times/threefold as large as mine;

    2) your room is three times/threefold the size of mine;

    3) your room is triple mine./ your room is the triple of mine./ your room has triple the size of mine.

    B: 两倍的用法

    twice / double / twofold / as...again as

    e.g.这件皮夹克的价格是我最近买的那件的两倍。

    1)This leather jacket costs me as much again as the last one I bought.

    2)This leather jacket costs me twice / double / twofold as the last one I bought.

    注:double表示倍数时,可以做 adj. adv. n. v. det.

    e.g. 1) I am double your age./ Your age doubles as mine.

          2)I was paid the double of this amount.

         3)I had to bend double to get under the table.

    二:by & to 表示倍数的用法

    1. by : 表示增加多少或者减少多少;

    decrease by 30%

    2.to: 表示增加到/ 至..... 或减少到/至;

    decrease  to 30%

    注:increase / multiply 3 times: 增加了两倍/ 增加至三倍  (3*3=9)


    Day2: 第二天的逻辑图

    我的作业
    安妮老师示范

    (思维导图自评)

    1.遗漏细节;

    2.示范中有明显的时间轴,一目了然;

    3.示范中老师将文章中progression of ideas之后的部分概括为一个大框架下,更有条理;

    4.自己做的思维导图有些许乱;可以采用直线式。


    Day3:第三天的总结作业

    【Summary】作者在这篇科学简史呈现出科学不断发展的几个方面:

    1.研究方法的进步:①thought+argument☞prediction+experiment+observation;

    ②从盲人摸象式打开新世界到前车之鉴式提出新见解;

    ③科技的发展为自然研究打开了新道路;

    2.研究领域的拓展:从日心说等自然科学(天文、物理、化学、生物、地理等)领域拓展到进化论等社会科学(人类学、考古学、伦理学)领悟;

    3.研究地域的扩展:科学思想起源于古希腊,而后借助文字和the House of Wisdow(a magnificent library in Baghdad)的传承,成为其他地区探索和发展科学的重要途径。


    D1-D3的总结:

    1.第一天读文章是就要有意识的画出关键词和每一段第一句话;

    2.第二天的思维导图尽量采取直线式,及时和老师的示范做比较,不懂及时问;

    3.下次任务可以谈谈自己的心得感悟,不要局限在概要阶段。

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