R语言推特twitter转发可视化分析

包含术语“生物信息学”的推文示例

第1步：加载所需的软件包

library(twitteR)

library(igraph)

library(stringr)

第2步：收集关于“生物信息学”的推文

dm_tweets = searchTwitter("bioinformatics", n=500, lang="en")

# get text

dm_txt = sapply(dm_tweets, function(x) x$getText())

第3步：识别转发

ignore.case=TRUE, value=TRUE)

# which tweets are retweets

dm_txt, ignore.case=TRUE)

# show retweets (these are the ones we want to focus on)

dm_txt[rt_patterns]

第4步：收集谁转发和谁发布

我们将使用这些结果来形成边缘列表以创建图形

# create list to store user names

who_retweet = as.list(1:length(rt_patterns))

who_post = as.list(1:length(rt_patterns))

# for loop

for (i in 1:length(rt_patterns))

{

 # get tweet with retweet entity

 twit = dm_tweets[[rt_patterns[i]]]

 # get retweet source

 poster = str_extract_all(twit$getText(),

 #remove ':'

 poster = gsub(":", "", unlist(poster))

 # name of retweeted user

 # name of retweeting user

}

# unlist

who_post = unlist(who_post)

who_retweet = unlist(who_retweet)

第5步：从编辑清单创建图形

# two column matrix of edges

retweeter_poster = cbind(who_retweet, who_post)

# generate graph

rt_graph = graph.edgelist(retweeter_poster)

# get vertex names

ver_labs = get.vertex.attribute(rt_graph, "name", index=V(rt_graph))

第6步：让我们绘制图

# choose some layout

glay = layout.fruchterman.reingold(rt_graph)

# plot

par(bg="gray15", mar=c(1,1,1,1))

plot(rt_graph, layout=glay,

 vertex.color="gray25",

 vertex.size=10,

 vertex.label=ver_labs,

vertex.label.family="sans",

 vertex.shape="none",

 vertex.label.color=hsv(h=0, s=0, v=.95, alpha=0.5),

 vertex.label.cex=0.85,

 edge.arrow.size=0.8,

 edge.arrow.width=0.5,

 edge.width=3,

 edge.color=hsv(h=.95, s=1, v=.7, alpha=0.5))

# add title

title("\nTweets with 'bioinformatics':Who retweets whom",

 cex.main=1, col.main="gray95")

第7步：让我们试着给它一个更生物信息学的外观

# another plot

par(bg="gray15", mar=c(1,1,1,1))

plot(rt_graph, layout=glay,

 vertex.color=hsv(h=.35, s=1, v=.7, alpha=0.1),

 vertex.frame.color=hsv(h=.35, s=1, v=.7, alpha=0.1),

 vertex.size=5,

 vertex.label=ver_labs,

vertex.label.family="mono",

 vertex.label.color=hsv(h=0, s=0, v=.95, alpha=0.5),

 vertex.label.cex=0.85,

 edge.arrow.size=0.8,

 edge.arrow.width=0.5,

 edge.width=3,

 edge.color=hsv(h=.35, s=1, v=.7, alpha=0.4))

# add title

title("\nTweets with 'bioinformatics':Who retweets whom",

 cex.main=1, col.main="gray95", family="mono")

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