超哥说影像学习笔记,仅供学习参考。
一、低级别弥漫性星形细胞瘤WHOⅡ级
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分化良好、生长缓慢的浸润性肿瘤。
起源于星形细胞的原发脑肿瘤,具有恶变为间变性星形细胞瘤的倾向。
影像
呈局灶或弥漫性无强化的脑白质占位
T2WI呈均匀高信号占位
可蔓延到邻近皮质
通常不强化,强化提示肿瘤向更高级别进展
MRS:典型表现为胆碱(Cho)峰高,N-乙酰天冬氨酸(NAA)峰低,但无特异性
PWI:相对脑血容量(CBV)较间变性星形细胞瘤低
最常见发病部位:
大脑半球
幕上2/3:额叶和颞叶;
幕下1/3:脑干(50%的脑干“胶质瘤”是低级别星形细胞瘤)
低级别星形细胞瘤可能与其他肿瘤难以区别
影像学可表现为局限性,但在影像学异常信号之外常能发现肿瘤细胞。
临床
痫发作是最常见的发病形式。
大多数患者的发病年龄是20~45岁,平均年龄34岁。中位生存期:6~10年
生存率增加:年龄小,全瘤切除。
预后好:IDH(+),ATRX(+),MGMT(+)
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手术:病变起源于脑干向左侧桥小脑角区生长, 病变呈灰白色, 无明显包膜, 边界不清, 邻近左侧听神经明显黄变、 增粗, 面神经向下外推挤移位, 三叉神经向上推挤, 术中完整切除肿物。
病理:弥漫性星形细胞瘤(WHOⅡ 级)
点评:本病例为青年女性, 慢性起病, 病灶位于左侧桥小脑角区, MRI上表现为左侧桥小脑角区肿物, 病灶内可见液化改变,边缘呈等T1稍长T2信号, 病灶与脑组织分界不清, 增强扫描呈明显环形强化, 邻近脑干及左侧小脑可见大片水肿信号影, 左侧面听神经未见增粗及强化, 左侧内听道未见增宽、 第四脑室稍受压变窄。
二、间变性星形细胞瘤WHOⅢ级
具有间变性及显著增殖潜能的呈弥漫性浸润性生长的恶性星型细胞瘤。
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三、毛细胞型星形细胞瘤WHOⅠ级
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五、少突胶质细胞瘤
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六、胶质母细胞瘤WHOⅣ级
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七、间变性少突胶质细胞瘤
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八、室管膜瘤WHOⅡ级
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