这是一个很简单的动画效果,使用属性动画即可实现,希望对读者学习动画能达到抛砖引玉的效果
一.自定义动画效果——Loading效果
如上是我们需要做的一个Loading动画。Loading效果是很常见的一种动画,最简单的实现让设计画个动态图即可,或者画个静态图然后使用帧动画也可以实现。但是今天我们用纯代码实现,不用任何图片资源。
1.0.gif
大致思路
我们自定义一个View,继承View类,然后画两个不同半径的弧形,转动不同的角度即可实现。
绘制两个不同半径的弧形
首先初始化外圆和内园的Recf();
private RectF mOuterCircleRectF = new RectF();
private RectF mInnerCircleRectF = new RectF();
然后在onDraw方法绘制圆弧:
//获取View的中心
float centerX = getWidth() / 2;
float centerY = getHeight() / 2;
if (lineWidth > centerX) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("lineWidth值太大了");
}
//外圆半径,因为我们的弧形是有宽度的,所以计算半径的时候应该把这部分减去,不然会有切割的效果
float outR = centerX - lineWidth;
//小圆半径
float inR = outR * 0.6f - lineWidth;
//设置弧形的距离上下左右的距离,也就是包围园的矩形。
mOuterCircleRectF.set(centerX - outR, centerY - outR, centerX + outR, centerY + outR);
mInnerCircleRectF.set(centerX - inR, centerY - inR, centerX + inR, centerY + inR);
//绘制外圆
canvas.drawArc(mOuterCircleRectF, mRotateAngle % 360, OUTER_CIRCLE_ANGLE, false, mStrokePaint);
//绘制内圆
canvas.drawArc(mInnerCircleRectF, 270 - mRotateAngle % 360, INTER_CIRCLE_ANGLE, false, mStrokePaint);
代码很简单,就像注释一样:
- 获取整个loadView的宽高,然后计算loadview的中心
- 利用中心计算外圆和内园的半径,因为圆弧的弧边有宽度,所以应该减去这部分宽度,不然上下左右会有被切割的效果。
- 在Recf中设置以圆半径为边长的矩形
- 在画布中以矩形的数据绘制圆弧即可,这里设置了角度,使圆形有缺角,只要不是360度的圆都是有缺角的。
绘制圆的过程应该放在onDraw方法中,这样我们可以不断的重绘,也可以获取view的真实的宽高
当然,我们还需设置一个画笔来画我们的圆
mStrokePaint = new Paint();
mStrokePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mStrokePaint.setStrokeWidth(lineWidth);
mStrokePaint.setColor(color);
mStrokePaint.setAntiAlias(true);
mStrokePaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
mStrokePaint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND);
二.设置属性动画
圆弧画好了,然后利用属性动画即可实现动画效果。这里采用的是ValueAnimator,值属性动画,我们可以设置一个值范围,然后让他在这个范围内变化。
mFloatValueAnimator = ValueAnimator.ofFloat(0.0f, 1.0f);
mFloatValueAnimator.setRepeatCount(Animation.INFINITE);
mFloatValueAnimator.setDuration(ANIMATION_DURATION);
mFloatValueAnimator.setStartDelay(ANIMATION_START_DELAY);
mFloatValueAnimator.setInterpolator(new AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator());
这个设置很简单,设置值得范围,这是无线循环,设置动画执行的时间,这只动画循环时延迟的时间,设置插值器。
三.弧形动起来
让弧形动起来的原理,就是监听值属性动画的值变化,然后在这个变化的过程中不断的改变弧形的角度,然后让它重绘即可。
我们让我们的loadview实现ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener接口,然后在onAnimationUpdate监听动画的变化。我们初始化值属性动画的时候设置了值得范围为float型,所以这里可以获取这个变化的值。然后利用这个值可以改变绘制圆的角度大小,再调用重绘方法,即可实现:
@Override
public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
mRotateAngle = 360 * (float)animation.getAnimatedValue();
invalidate();
}
整个思路大致就是这样。完整代码如下:
public class LoadingView extends View implements Animatable, ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener {
private static final long ANIMATION_START_DELAY = 200;
private static final long ANIMATION_DURATION = 1000;
private static final int OUTER_CIRCLE_ANGLE = 270;
private static final int INTER_CIRCLE_ANGLE = 90;
private ValueAnimator mFloatValueAnimator;
private Paint mStrokePaint;
private RectF mOuterCircleRectF;
private RectF mInnerCircleRectF;
private float mRotateAngle;
public LoadingView (Context context) {
this(context, null);
}
public LoadingView (Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
this(context, attrs, -1);
}
public LoadingView (Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
this(context, attrs, defStyleAttr, -1);
}
public LoadingView (Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr, int defStyleRes) {
super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr, defStyleRes);
initView(context, attrs);
}
float lineWidth;
private void initView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
TypedArray typedArray = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, R.styleable.MyCustomLoadingView);
lineWidth = typedArray.getFloat(R.styleable.MyCustomLoadingView_lineWidth, 10.0f);
int color = typedArray.getColor(R.styleable.MyCustomLoadingView_viewColor, context.getColor(R.color.colorAccent));
typedArray.recycle();
initAnimators();
mOuterCircleRectF = new RectF();
mInnerCircleRectF = new RectF();
//初始化画笔
initPaint(lineWidth, color);
//旋转角度
mRotateAngle = 0;
}
private void initAnimators() {
mFloatValueAnimator = ValueAnimator.ofFloat(0.0f, 1.0f);
mFloatValueAnimator.setRepeatCount(Animation.INFINITE);
mFloatValueAnimator.setDuration(ANIMATION_DURATION);
mFloatValueAnimator.setStartDelay(ANIMATION_START_DELAY);
mFloatValueAnimator.setInterpolator(new AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator());
}
/**
* 初始化画笔
*/
private void initPaint(float lineWidth, int color) {
mStrokePaint = new Paint();
mStrokePaint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE);
mStrokePaint.setStrokeWidth(lineWidth);
mStrokePaint.setColor(color);
mStrokePaint.setAntiAlias(true);
mStrokePaint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND);
mStrokePaint.setStrokeJoin(Paint.Join.ROUND);
}
@Override
protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
float centerX = getWidth() / 2;
float centerY = getHeight() / 2;
//最大尺寸
if (lineWidth > centerX) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("lineWidth值太大了");
}
float outR = centerX - lineWidth;
//小圆尺寸
float inR = outR * 0.6f;
mOuterCircleRectF.set(centerX - outR, centerY - outR, centerX + outR, centerY + outR);
mInnerCircleRectF.set(centerX - inR, centerY - inR, centerX + inR, centerY + inR);
//先保存画板的状态
canvas.save();
//外圆
canvas.drawArc(mOuterCircleRectF, mRotateAngle % 360, OUTER_CIRCLE_ANGLE, false, mStrokePaint);
//内圆
canvas.drawArc(mInnerCircleRectF, 270 - mRotateAngle % 360, INTER_CIRCLE_ANGLE, false, mStrokePaint);
//恢复画板的状态
canvas.restore();
}
@Override
protected void onAttachedToWindow() {
super.onAttachedToWindow();
startLoading();
}
public void startLoading() {
start();
}
@Override
protected void onDetachedFromWindow() {
super.onDetachedFromWindow();
stopLoading();
}
public void stopLoading() {
stop();
}
@Override
public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
mRotateAngle = 360 * (float)animation.getAnimatedValue();
invalidate();
}
protected void computeUpdateValue(float animatedValue) {
mRotateAngle = (int) (360 * animatedValue);
}
@Override
public void start() {
if (mFloatValueAnimator.isStarted()) {
return;
}
mFloatValueAnimator.addUpdateListener(this);
mFloatValueAnimator.setRepeatCount(Animation.INFINITE);
mFloatValueAnimator.setDuration(ANIMATION_DURATION);
mFloatValueAnimator.start();
}
@Override
public void stop() {
mFloatValueAnimator.removeAllUpdateListeners();
mFloatValueAnimator.removeAllListeners();
mFloatValueAnimator.setRepeatCount(0);
mFloatValueAnimator.setDuration(0);
mFloatValueAnimator.end();
}
@Override
public boolean isRunning() {
return mFloatValueAnimator.isRunning();
}
}
attr文件代码如下:
<declare-styleable name="LoadingView">
<attr name="lineWidth" format="float" />
<attr name="viewColor" format="color" />
</declare-styleable>
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