Make Up Your Mind to Succeed
下定决心要成功
Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure. The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because "everyone's winter." And their report cards sounded more positive than ever before. As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them "the overpraised generation."
善良的父母不知不觉中让他们的孩子对失败束手无策。1980年至2001年出生的这一代人在体育运动中长大，因为“每个人的冬天”而降低了分数和表现。他们的成绩单听起来更正面，比以往任何时候都好。因此，斯坦福大学教授卡罗尔·德威克博士称他们为“被过分夸大的一代”。
Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here's how they work:
德威克40年来一直在研究人们如何面对失败。她在研究中发现了两种对我们产生了巨大影响，且截然不同的思维模式。以下就是它们产生作用的过程：
A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent is genetic - you're a born artist, point guard, or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes it's sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, it's quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.
一种固定思维模式是相信才能是遗传的——你是天生的艺术家、控球后卫或擅长数字的人。这种固定思维模式相信成功不需要努力，并将失败视为个人的耻辱。当事情变得困难时，人们很快就会埋怨、撒谎，甚至远离未来的困难。
On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego isn't on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it's quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.
另一方面，成长思维模式认为没有什么才能是天生的，努力和学习使一切成为可能。因为自尊不需要太多，成长思维模式将失败视为机遇而不是耻辱。当遇到困难时，它会迅速地重新思考、改变并重新尝试。实际上它享受这种体验。
We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn't be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dweck's book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure.
我们生来就有成长思维模式（否则，我们将无法生活在这个世界上），但是父母、老师和导师经常通过鼓励某些行为和误导表扬，将我们推入固定思维模式。德威克的书《思维模式：成功的新心理学》和在线教学计划对此进行了深入的解释。她说，从今天开始你可以做一些小事，确保你的子女、孙辈，包括你永远不会被失败打败。
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